Schwiebea

Schwiebea is a genus of mites in the family Acaridae.[1] It is among the largest in the family with over 60 species.[2]

Schwiebea
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Arthropoda
Class:
Arachnida
Order:
Sarcoptiformes
Family:
Acaridae
Genus:
Schwiebea

Oudemans, 1916

Description

Adults of Schwiebea are distinguished from other mites by: the absence of many setae, the reduction of supracoxal seta of leg I to a tiny spine, and the absence of Grandjean's organ. Additionally, the propodosomal sclerite has a posterior indentation/incision for up to 50% of its length. Females have a spermatheca (organ for receiving and storing sperm) and its morphology is important for distinguishing species.[2]

Habitat

Schwiebea have been collected from various habitats including vegetation (clover roots, a verbena field, peony rose, Gerbera roots, yams, taro seeds), leaf litter, peat moss, caves, insect rearing containers and even some aquatic environments (fish farms, aquariums, swimming pools).[2][3] Some species attach phoretically to arthropods such as bark beetles,[4] millipedes[5] and ticks.[6]

Reproduction

Some species of Schwiebea are all-female and reproduce by parthenogenesis, while others use sexual reproduction.[2][3] Parthenogenesis is thought to have evolved at least three times within the genus.[3]

Pest status

One species, S. similis, is a pest of American ginseng in China. A scientific study found it can also feed on other crops to varying extents, including garlic, potato and Chinese yam.[7]

Species
  • Schwiebea afroaustralis Mahunka, 1979
  • Schwiebea aksuensis Bugrov, 1995
  • Schwiebea aquatilis Fain, 1982
  • Schwiebea armata (Mahunka, 1979)
  • Schwiebea capitata (Mahunka, 1979)
  • Schwiebea cavernicola Vitzthum, 1932
  • Schwiebea cavicola Mahunka, 1978
  • Schwiebea cepa Karg, 1987
  • Schwiebea codognoensis Fain & Pagani, 1989
  • Schwiebea coniferae (Sevastianov & Tamam-Nasem-Marros, 1993)
  • Schwiebea cuncta Ho, 1993
  • Schwiebea danielopoli Fain, 1982
  • Schwiebea elongata (Banks, 1906)
  • Schwiebea estradai Fain & Ferrando, 1991
  • Schwiebea eurynymphae (Oudemans, 1911)
  • Schwiebea hibernica Purvis & Evans, 1982
  • Schwiebea italica Oudemans, 1924
  • Schwiebea jiangxiensis Jiang, 1995
  • Schwiebea koerneri Turk & Turk, 1957
  • Schwiebea kurilensis Bugrov, 1995
  • Schwiebea laphriae (Samsinak, 1956)
  • Schwiebea longibursata Fain & Wauthy, 1979
  • Schwiebea montana Bugrov, 1995
  • Schwiebea neomycolicha Klimov, 1998
  • Schwiebea nesbitti Turk & Turk, 1957
  • Schwiebea nova (Oudemans, 1906)
  • Schwiebea obesa Fain & Fauvel, 1988
  • Schwiebea piceae Bugrov, 1995
  • Schwiebea podicis (Ashfaq & Chaudhri, 1986)
  • Schwiebea ruienensis Fain & Wauthy, 1979
  • Schwiebea sakhalinensis Bugrov, 1995
  • Schwiebea similis (Manson, 1972)
  • Schwiebea subterranea Fain, 1982
  • Schwiebea taiwanensis Ho, 1993
  • Schwiebea talpa Oudemans, 1916
  • Schwiebea tuzkoliensis Bugrov, 1995
  • Schwiebea ulmi Jacot, 1936
  • Schwiebea zhangzhouensis Lin-Zhonghua & Lin-Baoshu, 2000

References
  1. Barry O'Connor, ed. (2008). "Acaridae Species Listing". Biology Catalog. Texas A&M University. Retrieved July 26, 2010.
  2. Okabe, Kimiko; OConnor, Barry M. (2000). "Morphometric and systematic analyses of populations of the Schwiebea barbei - group (acari: acaridae) with particular reference to populations from North America and Japan". International Journal of Acarology. 26 (2): 115–126. doi:10.1080/01647950008684176. ISSN 0164-7954. S2CID 83624626.
  3. Okabe, Kimiko; Hinomoto, Norihide; OConnor, Barry M. (2008). "Ecological and morphological attributes of parthenogenetic Japanese Schwiebea species (Acari: Acaridae)". Experimental and Applied Acarology. 44 (2): 77–88. doi:10.1007/s10493-008-9140-3. ISSN 0168-8162. PMID 18347918. S2CID 26034686.
  4. Pernek, Milan; Wirth, Stefan; Blomquist, Stacy; Avtzis, Dimitrios; Moser, John (2012-02-01). "New associations of phoretic mites on Pityokteines curvidens (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae)". Open Life Sciences. 7 (1): 63–68. doi:10.2478/s11535-011-0096-7. ISSN 2391-5412. S2CID 601227.
  5. Farfan, Monica; Klompen, Hans (2012-06-05). "Phoretic mite associates of millipedes (Diplopoda, Julidae) in the northern Atlantic region (North America, Europe)". International Journal of Myriapodology. 7: 69–91. doi:10.3897/ijm.7.3064. ISSN 1875-2543.
  6. Hutcheson, H. Joel; Mertins, James W.; Larson, Scott R.; Paskewitz, Susan (2015). "Acarine Hypopi (Sarcoptiformes: Acaridae) on Ixodes scapularis (Ixodida: Ixodidae) in Central North America: Fig. 1". Journal of Medical Entomology. 52 (5): 837–841. doi:10.1093/jme/tjv085. ISSN 0022-2585. PMID 26336225.
  7. Guo, S.; Zhao, L.; Lan, A. (2016). "Feeding and Reproductive Choices of Schwiebea similis (Acari: Acaridae) on Nine Crops". Journal of Agriculture. 6 (8): 23–28.
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