Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani

Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani (syn. Scirpus validus) is a species of flowering plant in the sedge family known by the common names softstem bulrush,[2] grey club-rush,[3] and great bulrush. It can be found throughout much of the world; it has been reported from every state in the United States (including Hawaii), and from every province and territory in Canada except Nunavut. It grows in moist and wet habitat, and sometimes in shallow water.

Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Cyperaceae
Genus: Schoenoplectus
Species:
S. tabernaemontani
Binomial name
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani
(C.C.Gmel.) Palla
Synonyms[1]
List
  • Cyperus tabernaemontani (C.C.Gmel.) Missbach & E.H.L.Krause
  • Eleogiton tabernaemontani (C.C.Gmel.) Fourr.
  • Heleogiton tabernaemontani (C.C.Gmel.) Peterm.
  • Heleophylax tabernaemontani (C.C.Gmel.) Schinz & Thell.
  • Hymenochaeta tabernaemontani (C.C.Gmel.) Nakai
  • Schoenoplectus lacustris subsp. creber (Fernald) Á.Löve & D.Löve
  • Schoenoplectus lacustris f. glaucus (Hartm.) Soó
  • Schoenoplectus lacustris subsp. glaucus (Hartm.) Luceño & Marín
  • Schoenoplectus lacustris subsp. tabernaemontani (C.C.Gmel.) Á.Löve & D.Löve
  • Schoenoplectus lacustris subsp. validus (Vahl) T.Koyama
  • Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani f. sub-duvalii (Beckh.) Soó
  • Schoenoplectus validus (Vahl) Á.Löve & D.Löve
  • Schoenoplectus validus subsp. creber (Fernald) Á.Löve & D.Löve
  • Schoenoplectus validus subsp. luxurians (Miq.) Soják
  • Scirpus glaucus Sm.
  • Scirpus globifer Welw. ex Steud.
  • Scirpus lacustris subsp. creber (Fernald) T.Koyama
  • Scirpus lacustris f. glaucus (Hartm.) Peterm.
  • Scirpus lacustris subsp. glaucus Hartm.
  • Scirpus lacustris var. luxurians (Miq.) T.Koyama
  • Scirpus lacustris var. tabernaemontani (C.C.Gmel.) Nyman
  • Scirpus lacustris subsp. tabernaemontani (C.C. Gmel.) Syme
  • Scirpus lacustris var. tabernaemontani (C.C. Gmel.) Döll
  • Scirpus lacustris subsp. validus (Vahl) T.Koyama
  • Scirpus lacustris var. validus (Vahl) Kük.
  • Scirpus lacustris subsp. validus (Vahl) Osten
  • Scirpus maritimus subsp. tabernaemontani (C.C.Gmel.) Nyman
  • Scirpus siculus Lojac.
  • Scirpus tabernaemontani C.C.Gmel.
  • Scirpus tabernaemontani f. luxurians Miq.
  • Scirpus tabernaemontani f. paludosus Boenn.
  • Scirpus tabernaemontani f. sub-duvalii Beckh.
  • Scirpus uliginosus Kar. & Kir.
  • Scirpus validus Vahl
  • Scirpus validus var. creber Fernald
  • Scirpus validus f. creber (Fernald) Beetle
  • Scirpus validus var. laeviglumis Tang & F.T.Wang
Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani

Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani is quite variable in appearance, thus explaining the long list of synonyms that have been created over the years. It is a perennial herb producing dense stands of many narrow erect stems reaching 1–3 m (33–100 inches) in height. It grows from a long rhizome system. The leaves are mostly basal and have wide sheaths around the stems. The inflorescence is generally a panicle of spikelets on long, thin branches which spread, arch, or droop. The spikelets vary in color. There is usually a long, stiff bract alongside each spikelet or cluster of spikelets.

A cultivar of this species with bright horizontal white or yellowish stripes, S. tabernaemontani 'Zebrinus', is sold as an ornamental plant for water gardens and landscaping.[4][5] Solid white and yellow cultivars are also available.[6]

Uses

The new shoots and young roots may be eaten raw or cooked. The older roots can be made into flour.[7]

In Hawaii - known as ‘aka‘akai, kaluhā, nānaku - its stems are made into floor mats.[8] In New Zealand, known as kāpūngāwhā, it is a source of weaving fabric.[9]

References
  1. The Plant List
  2. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 1 February 2016.
  3. BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
  4. European Water Gardener
  5. Australian Water Gardener
  6. Darke, Rick. The Color Encyclopedia of Ornamental Grasses. Timber Press. 1999. pg 277.
  7. Elias, Thomas S.; Dykeman, Peter A. (2009) [1982]. Edible Wild Plants: A North American Field Guide to Over 200 Natural Foods. New York: Sterling. p. 70. ISBN 978-1-4027-6715-9. OCLC 244766414.
  8. "'aka'akai". Hawaiian Ethnobotany Online Database. Bishop Museum. 2023.
  9. "Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani. Kāpūngāwhā. Wāwā". Ngā Rauropi Whakaoranga. Manaaki Whenua. 2023.
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