Sara Justo
Sara Justo (5 February 1870 – 6 October 1941) was an Argentine women's rights activist, educator and dentist. She was a leader in the women's rights movement of Argentina early in the 20th century, supporting women's suffrage and co-founding both the Women's Pro-Suffrage Committee and the Feminist Center of Argentina. She was one of the first four women dentists in Argentina, graduating from the University of Buenos Aires in 1901.
Sara Justo | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 5 February 1870 |
| Died | 6 October 1941 (aged 71) Buenos Aires, Argentina |
| Education | Dental School of University of Buenos Aires |
| Occupation(s) | Dentist, educator |
| Known for | Women's rights activism |
| Relatives | Juan Bautista Justo (brother) |
Early life and education
Sara Justo was born in Buenos Aires on 5 February 1870 to Aurora Castro and Juan Felipe Justo. She had nine siblings, including her brother Juan Bautista Justo, who went on to form the Argentine Socialist Party.[1]
Justo was one of the first students at the newly created Dental School at the University of Buenos Aires. She graduated in July 1901 and was one of the first four women dentists in Argentina alongside Leonilda Rosa Meneclier, Catalina Marni, and Antonia Arroyo.[1] She was a practicing dentist for a time, but soon turned her focus to social issues such as women's rights and education. She directed the Paula Albarracín de Sarmiento Professional School for Women (now ET Nº8 Paula Albarracín de Sarmiento), teaching classes in childcare and home economics.[1]
Women's rights and social movements
Justo was one of the leading figures of the women's rights movement in Argentina. She promoted the Association of Argentine University Women, which was founded in 1904 by Cecilia Grierson and Petrona Eyle.[2][1]
In 1905, Justo founded the Feminist Center of Argentina with Julieta Lanteri and Elvira Rawson. At the International Congress of Free Thought in Buenos Aires in 1906, Spanish feminist politician Belén de Sárraga suggested that Justo organize a movement to secure women's political rights. In 1907, Justo founded the Women's Pro-Suffrage Committee with her future sister-in-law, Alicia Moreau, to "promote the intellectual, moral and material emancipation of women, whatever their social conditions".[1] Justo had some ideological differences with Moreau, mostly over how to achieve suffrage. Justo preferred a staged approach while Moreau preferred universal suffrage.[3]
With Lanteri, Alicia Moreau, Petrona Eley, and Rawson, Justo prepared a petition on women's rights. Socialist politician Alfredo Palacios presented the petition to the Argentine Chamber of Deputies in 1911. It formed the basis for the Civil Rights Act of 1926.[4]
Justo published numerous articles on feminism in periodicals such as the Buenos Aires newspaper El Diario. She also voiced her position on women's suffrage in 1909 at a conference on the feminist movement in Europe.[3]
The Association of Argentine University Women organized the First International Women's Congress in 1910 with Justo serving as the treasurer.[5][1] Justo was a delegate of the National Association of Teachers to the 1925 meeting of the International Congress of Social Economy and attended the Third International Women's Congress in 1928.[6]
References
- Escat, Julieta (7 December 2021). "Sara Justo fue una educadora, la cuarta odontóloga del país y líder del movimiento feminista del siglo XX". Billiken (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 3 January 2023. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
- Carbajal, Mariana (2 May 2010). "El centenario del primer Congreso Femenino Internacional". Página/12 (in Spanish). Archived from the original on 20 September 2018. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
- Terzaghi, María Teresa (July 2018). "Las miradas de Alicia Moreau y Sara Justo sobre los derechos políticos femeninos en los albores del siglo XX". V Jornadas CINIG de Estudios de Género y Feminismos y III Congreso Internacional de Identidades. Archived from the original on 3 January 2023. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
- Orecchia, Ana L. (2022). "Filósofas argentinas. Elvira López y los albores del feminismo rioplatense" (PDF). La deriva de las ideas Tradiciones intelectuales y reconfiguraciones locales, entre Europa y el Río de la Plata. p. 260. ISBN 978-987-749-364-1. Archived (PDF) from the original on 3 January 2023. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
- "El Comité organizador del II Congreso Feminista Internacional de la República Argentina 2010 presentó la edición conmemorativa de las actas del I Congreso Femenino Internacional – Buenos Aires 1910". Colectiva Feminista La Revuelta. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
- Manzoni, Gisela (12 December 2020). "Organizar la paz, enfrentar la guerra. Los congresos femeninos internacionales de Buenos Aires, 1910 y 1928". Contemporánea (in Spanish). 13 (2). ISSN 1688-9746. Archived from the original on 3 January 2023. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
- Moreno, Víctor; Ramírez, María E.; de la Oliva, Cristian; Moreno, Estrella (14 November 2019). "Sara Justo: Odontóloga y educadora argentina". Busca Biografías. Archived from the original on 3 January 2023. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
- "Dra. Sara Justo" (in Spanish). Red Dental. Archived from the original on 3 January 2023. Retrieved 3 January 2023.
Further reading
- Cutolo, Vicente Osvaldo (1968). Nuevo diccionario biográfico argentino (1750-1930). Editorial Elche.
- Sosa de Newton, Lily (1972). Diccionario biográfico de mujeres argentinas. Buenos Aires.
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