Rikitaro Fujisawa

Rikitarō Fujisawa (Japanese: 藤沢 利喜太郎, Fujisawa Rikitarō; 12 October 1861 – 23 December 1933) was a Japanese mathematician. During the Meiji era he was instrumental in reforming mathematics education in Japan and establishing the ideas of European mathematics in Japan.

Fujisawa Rikitarō
(藤沢 利喜太郎)
Fujisawa in 1922

Biography

Born in Sado Province as the eldest son of Oyano Fujisawa, vassal of the shōgun, Rikitarō Fujisawa graduated in 1882 from the Faculty of Sciences of the University of Tokyo. From 1883 to 1887 he studied mathematics in Europe. After study at the University of London and the Humboldt University of Berlin, he studied at the University of Strasbourg (then a part of Germany) and in 1886[1] attained his doctorate with a dissertation on partial differential equations under the direction of Elwin Christoffel. In 1887 Fujisawa was appointed the second titular professor of mathematics at the University of Tokyo.[2]

He was Japan's delegate to the Second International Conference on Mathematics, Paris, 1900, and also to the International Commission on the Teaching of Mathematics, 1910. Although a mathematician by training, Dr. Fujisawa has written many articles on international politics.[3]

Fujisawa, who himself attended the seminary of Theodor Reye in Strasbourg, introduced the institution of the research seminary based on the German model early on.[4] He was a teacher and mentor of several Japanese mathematicians who gained international reputations. His most famous student was Teiji Takagi.[5] In 1921, Fujisawa retired from the University of Tokyo and, beginning in 1925, was twice appointed to the Japanese House of Peers but died in the early part of his second term.

Two of his sons achieved prominence in Japanese society. One of his brothers, Iwao Fujisawa, was a rear admiral in the Imperial Japanese Navy.

Selected publications
  • Ueber eine in der Wärmeleitungstheorie auftretende, nach den Wurzeln einer transcendenten Gleichung fortschreitende unendliche Reihe. Strassburg. 1886.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)[6]
  • Seimei hokenron. 1889. (theory of life insurance)
  • Fujisawa, Rikitaro (1888). "Note on a new formula in spherical harmonics". Tokyo Sugaku-Butsurigaku Kwai Kiji. 4 (1): 7–8. doi:10.11429/subutsukiji1885b.4.7.
  • Researches on the multiplication of elliptic functions. 1893.
  • Joint-metallism, an essay on a new monetary system. 1903.
  • Summary report on the teaching of mathematics in Japan. 1912.
  • Recent aims and political development of Japan. 1923.[7]
  • Industrial insurance in Japan. 1927.
  • Sōsenkyo tokuhon. Iwanami Shoten, Publishers. 1928. (general election reader, or reading guide) This publication deals with issues related to the elections for the Japanese House of Representatives in the late 1920s.
  • Calculation on soroban : reprinted from a chapter in Dr. Fujisawa's "Summary report on the teaching of mathematics in Japan" published by The Department of Education in 1912. 1930.
  • Fujisawa Hakushi ibun shū. 1935. (Dr. Fujisawa memorial collection)

References
  1. Gaul, Wolfgang; Pfeifer, Dietmar, eds. (2013). From Data to Knowledge. p. 124. ISBN 9783642799990.
  2. Sasaki, Chikara; Sigiura, Mitsuo; Dauben, Joseph Warren (2013). The intersection of history and mathematics. p. 183. ISBN 9783034875219. The first titular professor of mathematics at the U. of Tokyo was Kikuchi Dairoku.
  3. Kawakami, Kiyoshi Karl, ed. (1921). "Chapter II. The Monroe Doctrine and the League of Nations by Professor Rikitaro Fujisawa". What Japan Thinks. Macmillan. pp. 21–48.
  4. Kümmerle, Harald (2018). "Fujisawa Rikitarō to kenkyū gimu". Arīna (21): 97–105.
  5. Ikeo, Aiko (2014). A History of Economic Science in Japan. p. 97. ISBN 9781317747536.
  6. Rikitaro Fuzdisawa at the Mathematics Genealogy Project
  7. Quigley, Harold Scott (April 1924). "Reviewed Work: Recent Aims and Political Development of Japan by Rikitaro Fujisawa". The American Journal of International Law. 18 (2): 384–386. doi:10.2307/2188420. JSTOR 2188420.
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