Richard Phelps (artist)

Richard Phelps (1710–1785) was an 18th-century English portrait painter and designer. He painted portraits of gentry, a number of which are in the National Trust, Dunster Castle, University of Oxford, National Portrait Gallery, London, and other museums. The British Museum has an album of 312 of his drawings. Phelps was also a landscape designer, who was hired by Henry Fownes Luttrell to update the grounds of Dunster Castle.

For other uses, see Richard Phelps.

Richard Phelps, Self-portrait, 1771, charcoal, National Portrait Gallery, London
Sir Thomas Dyke Acland (1752–1794), 9th Baronet, as a Boy, c.1760, Killerton, National Trust

Personal life

Richard Phelps was from Porlock and married to a woman named Mary. She died on 30 May 1753 and he died 12 July 1785. The couple and other family members are on a brass in Porlock Church.[1][2]: 349  He had land holdings in Porlock, not far from his friend Coplestone Warre Bampfylde's estate, Hestercombe House.[3]

The Phelps family appeared in Porlock during Elizabeth I's reign (1558-1603),[2]: 22  such as yeoman Robert Phelps who had been in Porlock since about 1602.[2]: 283  A Richard Phelps painted the Ten Commandments for the Luccombe Parish Church and the Lord's Prayer for the Porlock Church in 1738.[2]: 177, 385 [lower-alpha 1]

Career
Bampfylde Moore Carew (1693-1759), 1750, National Portrait Gallery, London

Phelps was a portrait painter. He studied under Thomas Hudson and Sir Joshua Reynolds. Phelps worked in Somerset painting portraits, restoring old master paintings, and working as an interior decorator.[4][5] Correspondence by Richard Phelps is held at Penn Libraries of the University of Pennsylvania in the United States.[6]

Artist

Richard Phelps is known for his painting of Bampfylde Moore Carew, which was engraved by Faber.[7] He may have made the pastel work of George Frideric Handel that was exhibited in Paris in 1911.[7] Phelps exhibited in London at The Society of Artists.[3] Phelps was described as a "provincial Highmore" by Sir Ellis Waterhouse.[3]

The British Museum has an album of the bulk of his surviving work,[4] which includes 312 drawings. The works include portraits of gentry, self-portraits, landscapes, genre paintings, religious studies, and grotesque figures.[5] His drawings include George, Thomas, Mrs. Mary Carew, and Elizabeth Carew Bernard. He drew sketches of John, Thomas Popham, and Miss Popham. Some of the other people that he depicted include the Dyke Acland family members; Charles Jennens; Margaret Luttrell (wife of Alexander Luttrell); Rev. Henry Lockett; Henry Percy, 9th Earl of Northumberland; Prince Charles Edward Louis Philip Casimir, and Sir Charles Tynte, 5th Baronet. Some of the drawings are made after the works of other artists, like Rembrandt, Thomas Hudson, Joseph van Haecken.[5] The album also included works by Alessio de Marchis and an 18th-century Bolognese artist. It previously held two works by John Vanderbank.[5] Dovery Manor Museum exhibited paintings by Richard Phelps in 2011.[8]

Designer
Margaret Fownes-Luttrell (1726-1766), Dunster Castle, National Trust

Phelps was hired by Henry Fownes Luttrell to design Conygar Tower, landscaping, and bridges for Dunster Castle.[9][10] Conygar Tower is a three-storey folly built in 1775 on the top of a wooded hill overlooking the village of Dunster. It has two-stage buttresses between four pointed-arched openings on every level.[11] He designed the 18th century Castle Mill Bridge over River Avill, which connected Dunster Castle grounds with Deer Park. The stone bridge, with two pointed arches with rock-faced voussoirs, replaced a medieval mill bridge. It was made of local stone, brick capping, and pebbles and designed with a rustic, picturesque style. There are brick parapets on the north and south side of the bridge, with a brick seat. It was listed as an English Heritage Listed Building (264701) on 8 April 1983.[12]

Collections

Notes
  1. There was an artist named John Phelps who made a drawing of The Manor Mill and Castle Inn of Porlock in the 19th century.[2]: 267 
  2. Attributed to Richard Phelps.[13]

References
  1. Somersetshire Archaeological and Natural History Society (1938). Proceedings. Vol. 83–84. Barnicott and Pearce. p. 76.
  2. Sir Charles Edward Heley Chadwyck-Healey (1901). The History of the Part of West Somerset Comprising the Parishes of Luccombe, Selworthy, Stoke Pero, Porlock, Culbone and Oare. H. Sotheran.
  3. "James Harvey British Art" (catalogue). March 2008. p. 41. Retrieved 13 March 2015 – via ISSUU.
  4. "Richard Phelps Biography". British Museum. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  5. "Richard Phelps Album". British Museum. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  6. "Richard Phelps Correspondence". Electronic Enlightenment Project. Penn Libraries. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  7. Neil Jeffares (2006). "Richard Phelps". Dictionary of pastellists before 1800 (PDF). London: Unicorn Press. OCLC 607845199. Retrieved 13 March 2015 – via Pastellists.com.
  8. "Volunteers needed for Dovery Manor Museum". Somerset County Gazette. 21 January 2011. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  9. Automobile Association (November 1996). Village Walks in Britain. W W Norton & Company Incorporated. p. 46. ISBN 978-0-393-31502-8.
  10. Jonathan Finch; Katherine Giles (2007). Estate Landscapes : Design, Improvement and Power in the Post-medieval Landscape. Boydell Press. p. 97. ISBN 978-1-84383-370-3.
  11. Historic England. "Conygar Tower, Dunster (1057596)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  12. "MSO12106 - Castle Mill Bridge, Mill Lane, Dunster". Exmoor National Park Historic Environment Record. Exmoor National Park Authority. Retrieved 13 March 2015.
  13. "Painted by Richard Phelps". Art UK. Retrieved 13 March 2015.

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