Ribes hirtellum

Ribes hirtellum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Order:	Saxifragales
Family:	Grossulariaceae
Genus:	Ribes
Species:	R. hirtellum
Binomial name
	Ribes hirtellum; Michx. 1803
Synonyms[1][2]
	Grossularia hirtella (Michx.) Spach; Grossularia hirtella var. calcicola (Fernald) A. Berger; Ribes oxyacanthoides var. hirtellum (Michx.) Scoggan; Ribes oxyacanthoides var. calcicola Fernald;

Ribes hirtellum is a species of gooseberry commonly known as wild gooseberry[3][4] or swamp gooseberry.[5][4] It is native to Canada and the northern United States.[3][6] Cultivated gooseberries are derived from this species and from Ribes uva-crispa.[3][7]

Ribes hirtellum is known by several other names, including American gooseberry,[8] hairy-stem gooseberry,[8] hairy gooseberry,[8] low wild gooseberry[4] northern gooseberry[4], smooth gooseberry[4], and wedge-leaf gooseberry.[8]

Distribution and habitat

Ribes hirtellum grows in a variety of habitats, including wetlands such as fens, sedge meadows, riverbottom forests, and swamps, shorelines of streams and lakes, and rocky openings in forests and along cliffs. It grows throughout much of eastern north America, from Alberta to Nova Scotia in Canada, south to West Virginia, and west to Nebraska in the United States.[3][5][6]

Use in gooseberry breeding

Whereas Ribes uva-crispa crops have been devastated by American gooseberry mildew, Podosphaera mors-uvae, which was accidentally introduced to Europe, Ribes hirtellum is resistant. It is one of four American species that have been interbred with R. uva-crispa to produce resistant cultivars similar to the original R. uva-crispa cultivars.[7] The cultivar 'Houghton' is one of those obtained by crossing R. uva-crispa with R. hirtellum.[7]

Leaf
Flower
Autumn foliage

References

"The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species".
Tropicos, Ribes hirtellum Michx.
Nancy R. Morin (2009), "Ribes", Flora of North America North of Mexico, online
Brouillet L, Desmet P, Coursol F, Meades SJ, Favreau M, Anions M, Bélisle P, Gendreau C, Shorthouse D, et al. (2010). "Ribes hirtellum Michaux". Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN). Retrieved 20 August 2020.
Reznicek, A. A.; Voss, E. G.; Walters, B. S., eds. (February 2011). "Ribes hirtellum". Michigan Flora Online. University of Michigan Herbarium. Retrieved 20 August 2020.
Biota of North America Program 2014 state-level distribution map
Warren, J.; James, P. (2006). "The ecological effects of exotic disease resistance genes introgressed into British gooseberries". Oecologia. 147 (1): 69–75. Bibcode:2006Oecol.147...69W. doi:10.1007/s00442-005-0257-3. PMID 16205951. S2CID 19768326.
"Ribes hirtellum". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 19 January 2018.

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[1] "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species".

[2] Tropicos, Ribes hirtellum Michx.

[FNA-3] Nancy R. Morin (2009), "Ribes", Flora of North America North of Mexico, online

[vascan-4] Brouillet L, Desmet P, Coursol F, Meades SJ, Favreau M, Anions M, Bélisle P, Gendreau C, Shorthouse D, et al. (2010). "Ribes hirtellum Michaux". Database of Vascular Plants of Canada (VASCAN). Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[miflora-5] Reznicek, A. A.; Voss, E. G.; Walters, B. S., eds. (February 2011). "Ribes hirtellum". Michigan Flora Online. University of Michigan Herbarium. Retrieved 20 August 2020.

[bonap-6] Biota of North America Program 2014 state-level distribution map

[warren2006-7] Warren, J.; James, P. (2006). "The ecological effects of exotic disease resistance genes introgressed into British gooseberries". Oecologia. 147 (1): 69–75. Bibcode:2006Oecol.147...69W. doi:10.1007/s00442-005-0257-3. PMID 16205951. S2CID 19768326.

[GRIN-8] "Ribes hirtellum". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 19 January 2018.