Results of the 1990 Zimbabwean general election

Elections were held in Zimbabwe on 23 March 1990 to elect the President and Parliament. Robert Mugabe of the Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front (ZANU–PF) was reelected President with 83 percent of the vote against Edgar Tekere of the Zimbabwe Unity Movement, who received 17 percent. ZANU–PF won 117 of the 120 elected seats in Parliament, which after the abolition of the Senate in 1989 consisted of the unicameral House of Assembly.

President
Candidate Party Votes %
Robert Mugabe Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front 2,026,976 83.05
Edgar Tekere Zimbabwe Unity Movement 413,840 16.95
Invalid/blank votes 146,388 –
Total 2,587,204 100
Registered voters/turnout 4,799,333 53.91
Source: African Elections Database

Parliament

Summary
Party Votes % Seats
Zimbabwe African National Union – Patriotic Front 1,690,071 80.54 117
Zimbabwe Unity Movement 369,031 17.59 2
Zimbabwe African National Union – Ndonga 19,448 0.93 1
United African National Council 11,191 0.53 0
National Democratic Union 498 0.02 0
Independents 7,954 0.38 0
Invalid/blank votes 139,653 – –
Total 2,237,846 100 120
Registered voters/turnout 5,874,115 56.83 –
Source: African Elections Database

Constituency results

The 120 elected seats in the House of Assembly were filled via first-past-the-post voting in single-member districts. ZANU–PF won 116 seats, the Zimbabwe Unity Movement won two, and ZANU–Ndonga took one.[1] Elections could not be held on election day in Chimanimani because the ballots printed for that constituency did not include the candidates' names, but ZANU–PF won that seat as well when elections were held at a later date. Turnout figures include spoilt ballots and thus are not exact totals of the vote counts listed for the candidates in a constituency.

Bulawayo
Constituency Candidate Party Votes %
Bulawayo North John Nkomo ZANU–PF 8,581 65.35
Crispen Mwete ZUM 4,550 34.65
Turnout 13,743 38.74
Bulawayo South Lot Senda ZANU–PF 9,661 53.65
Samson Mushore ZUM 5,405 30.02
Themba Dlodlo Independent 2,110 11.72
Zachariah Chigumira ZANU–Ndonga 830 4.61
Turnout 18,789 56.56
Lobengula Joshua Nkomo ZANU–PF 8,706 84.27
Maxwell Nyandoro ZUM 1,420 13.75
Stephen Chisimo UANC 205 1.98
Turnout 10,576 24.62
Luveve[note 1] Angeline Masuku ZANU–PF n/a n/a
Turnout n/a n/a
Magwegwe Norman Zikhali ZANU–PF 19,202 79.41
Robert Mutendi ZUM 3,988 16.49
Tongesai Nyandoro UANC 992 4.10
Turnout 24,769 54.95
Makokoba Sidney Malunga ZANU–PF 11,136 77.47
Ishmael Nyakudarika ZUM 3,238 22.53
Turnout 15,090 45.80
Mpopoma Edson Ncube ZANU–PF 13,164 77.05
Philip Hadebe ZUM 3,042 17.80
Grey Bango Independent 359 2.10
Godfrey Mpezeni UANC 287 1.68
Phineas Sithole ZANU–Ndonga 234 1.37
Turnout 17,877 38.29
Nkulumane Dumiso Dabengwa ZANU–PF 15,494 80.31
Victor Katsolo ZUM 3,470 17.99
Caleb Nyatoti UANC 328 1.70
Turnout 20,840 61.24
Pelandaba Joseph Msika ZANU–PF 10,902 83.20
Christopher Mariga ZUM 2,202 16.80
Turnout 13,204 36.85
Harare
Constituency Candidate Party Votes %
Chitungwiza Witness Mangwende ZANU–PF 20,217 75.52
Dominic Macheka ZUM 6,316 23.59
Munyamana Gwavhu NDU 237 0.89
Turnout 27,533 64.97
Dzivarasekwa William Mushonga ZANU–PF 24,218 67.39
Elijah Manjeya ZUM 11,240 31.28
Moses Jiri UANC 477 1.33
Turnout 38,938 98.97
Glen View Necasio Mangisi ZANU–PF 15,415 61.45
George Mugura ZUM 9,348 37.26
Jonias Makadzange UANC 323 1.29
Turnout 25,873 59.75
Highfield East Herbert Ushewokunze ZANU–PF 8,292 58.79
Joseph Dendere ZUM 5,473 38.80
Jeremiah Nyamande Independent 275 1.95
Xavier Chihota NDU 64 0.45
Turnout 14,103 35.92
Highfield West Richard Nyandoro ZANU–PF 18,676
Isaac Manyemba ZUM 10,666
William Chadzukwa UANC 3,284
Turnout 33,132 91.76
Kambuzuma Oliver Chidawu ZANU–PF 8,740
Xebio Bosha ZUM 5,423
Frederick Mahere UANC 247
Nicholas Hatidani Independent 241
Farai Masango Independent 77
Turnout 14,728 43.67
Harare Central Bernard Chidzero ZANU–PF 9,545
Raphael Hamadziripi ZUM 6,864
Turnout 17,120 37.31
Harare East Margaret Dongo ZANU–PF 16,390
Morgan Changamire ZUM 9,770
Turnout 28,220 70.04
Harare North Tirivanhu Mudariki ZANU–PF 11,967
Masipula Sithole ZUM 5,055
Turnout 18,371 56.76
Harare South Smith Marara ZANU–PF 15,100
Davison Gomo ZUM 8,156
Noah Chifungo ZANU–Ndonga 1,203
Turnout 25,762 n/a
Harare West Don Chipango ZANU–PF 15,675
Stephen Nyoka ZUM 7,323
Turnout 24,460 55.16
Mabvuku Irene Mugabe ZANU–PF 14,107
Edyson Chiwara ZUM 5,290
Pendeka Stanlake Nyakudya UANC 342
Turnout 25,762 n/a
Manyame Joel Mupfudza ZANU–PF 14,298
Conrad Mukosera ZUM 5,644
Turnout 21,320 45.95
Mbare East Tony Gara ZANU–PF 12,522
Biston David ZUM 4,420
Tawinei Chitongo NDU 197
Turnout 17,880 51.76
Mbare West Ephraim Masawi ZANU–PF 8,315
Nesbert Mutengezanwa ZUM 4,415
Robert Marowa UANC 339
Turnout 13,493 37.36
Mufakose Patrick Marime ZANU–PF 15,144
Everisto Ngwena ZUM 3,544
Edward Mazaiwana UANC 1,087
Turnout 20,308 55.17
St Mary's Joseph Macheka ZANU–PF 18,323
Stanley Musonza ZUM 4,905
Turnout 23,228 50.94
Zengeza Benjamin Moyo ZANU–PF 16,370
Simon Mapengo ZUM 7,646
Turnout 26,156 60.89
Manicaland
Constituency Candidate Party Votes %
Buhera North Nevison Nyashanu ZANU–PF 20,260 92.49
Gabriel Chaiva ZUM 1,644 7.51
Turnout 22,490 69.61
Buhera South Kumbirai Kangai ZANU–PF 22,423 94.68
Lovemore Shoniwa ZUM 1,330 5.60
Turnout 24,481 n/a
Buhera West Victoria Chitepo ZANU–PF 9,988 99.42
Denny Munetsi ZUM 58 0.58
Turnout 10,386 n/a
Chimanimani[note 2] Michael Mataure ZANU–PF 10,687 84.34
Lucky Maringapasi ZUM 1,158 9.14
Tinarwo Mwazviwanza ZANU–Ndonga 545 4.30
Kingdom Sithole Independent 282 2.23
Turnout 13,074 39.49
Chipinge North Gordon Mushakavanhu ZUM 10,087 44.83
Joseph Muzite ZANU–PF 7,065 31.40
Goodson Sithole ZANU–Ndonga 5,347 23.77
Turnout 24,323 52.51
Chipinge South Wiseman Zengeni ZANU–Ndonga 8,970 42.10
Killian Mvududu ZUM 8,721 40.93
Henry Moyana ZANU–PF 3,616 16.97
Turnout 22,309 47.62
Makoni Central Didymus Mutasa ZANU–PF 10,805 74.78
Godfrey Mandimutsira ZUM 3,644 25.22
Turnout n/a n/a
Makoni East Dexter Chavunduka ZANU–PF 18,755 75.80
Winnie Mwashita ZUM 5,988 24.20
Turnout 27,102 80.37
Makoni South Gibson Munyero ZANU–PF 9,626 79.22
Lazarus Mtungwazi ZUM 2,525 20.78
Turnout 13,499 31.80
Makoni West[note 3] Moven Mahachi ZANU–PF n/a n/a
Turnout n/a n/a
Mutare Central Daniel Sithole ZUM 9,058 49.85
Zororo Duri ZANU–PF 8,700 47.88
Clement Mhlanga ZANU–Ndonga 411 2.26
Turnout 18,842 41.71
Mutare North Oppah Muchinguri ZANU–PF 14,165 48.63
Giles Mutsekwa ZUM 13,484 46.29
David Mabunyara ZANU–Ndonga 1,481 5.08
Turnout 30,671 72.22
Mutare South Lazarus Nzarayebani ZANU–PF 10,520 72.78
Christopher Zimunya ZUM 3,925 27.15
Turnout 15,636 39.89
Mutare West Moton Malianga ZANU–PF 14,806 77.30
Wilson Murwiri ZUM 4,349 22.70
Turnout 20,765 46.67
Mutasa Misheck Chinamasa ZANU–PF 6,864 53.33
Christopher Nyamwanza ZUM 6,007 46.67
Turnout 14,234 33.89
Nyanga Tichaendepi Masaya ZANU–PF 11,184 64.69
Sylvester Matsapa ZUM 6,025 34.85
Turnout 19,289 43.10
Mashonaland Central
Constituency Candidate Party Votes %
Bindura Joice Mujuru ZANU–PF 35,262 89.56
Emmanuel Magoche ZUM 4,110 10.43
Turnout 41,669 92.91
Centenary Border Gezi ZANU–PF unopposed
Chiweshe Chenhamo Chimutengwende ZANU–PF unopposed
Guruve Ephraim Chafesuka ZANU–PF unopposed
Mount Darwin Richard Mujana ZANU–PF 22,892 92.21
Peter Sango ZUM 1,363 5.49
Olis Manyeruke Independent 570 2.29
Turnout 26,425 n/a
Mukumbura Joseph Kaparadza ZANU–PF unopposed
Shamva Donald Nyamaropa ZANU–PF unopposed
Mashonaland East
Constituency Candidate Party Votes %
Chihota Ernest Chipitiri ZANU–PF 10,343 87.93
Jackson Muzambi ZUM 1,088 9.25
Zacharia Nyamadzawo Independent 332 2.82
Turnout 12,599 29.47
Chinomora Kenneth Bute ZANU–PF 13,525 89.50
Anathasio Mushimbo ZUM 1,586 10.50
Turnout 16,393 42.08
Goromonzi Herbert Murerwa ZANU–PF 19,678 86.90
Percy Chigodora ZUM 2,967 13.10
Turnout 24,460 51.49
Marondera Sydney Sekeramayi ZANU–PF 18,892 85.53
Sheila van Reenen ZUM 3,195 14.47
Turnout 23,479 66.20
Mudzi Bainos Mupezeni ZANU–PF unopposed
Murehwa North Alois Mangwende ZANU–PF unopposed
Murehwa South David Karimanzira ZANU–PF unopposed
Mutoko North Mabel Chinomona ZANU–PF unopposed
Mutoko South Richard Katsande ZANU–PF 19,176 95.36
Claudius Mugambiwa Independent 933 4.64
Turnout 22,174 58.72
Wedza Stanlake Marwodzi ZANU–PF 16,507 91.66
Joshua Siya ZUM 1,501 8.34
Turnout 19,993 50.76
Mashonaland West
Constituency Candidate Party Votes %
Chegutu Mashava Mugwagwa ZANU–PF 20,420 86.52
Edward Hamadziripi Chipape ZUM 3,182 13.48
Turnout 25,301 76.18
Hurungwe Kenneth Marombe ZANU–PF 25,818 87.66
Clement Gondo ZUM 3,635 12.34
Turnout 31,681 89.63
Kadoma East Edna Madzongwe ZANU–PF 18,312 88.20
Leslie Mashayamombe ZUM 2,450 11.80
Turnout 33,498 95.18
Kadoma West Enos Chikowore ZANU–PF 25,865 85.58
Luke Bosha ZUM 4,368 14.45
Turnout 31,663 73.16
Kariba Tongayi Nyikadzino ZANU–PF 27,482 87.48
Peter Munjaranji ZUM 3,933 12.52
Turnout 33,498 76.18
Karoi Edgar Kwenda ZANU–PF 5,432 88.64
Tommy Charewa ZUM 696 11.36
Turnout 6,483 18.10
Makonde Central Nathan Shamuyarira ZANU–PF 23,430 85.90
Sungano Janhi Moyo ZUM 3,171 11.63
William Marumahoko UANC 674 2.47
Turnout 28,678 76.29
Makonde East Mudhomeni Chivende ZANU–PF 27,865 86.23
Noah Bangure ZUM 4,451 13.77
Turnout 35,104 74.99
Makonde North Swithun Mombeshora ZANU–PF 13,883 86.73
Cleopas Watama ZUM 2,125 13.27
Turnout 16,953 42.80
Makonde West Sean Hundermark ZANU–PF 16,507 91.60
Robert Ruzivo ZUM 1,513 8.40
Turnout 19,204 45.47
Mhondoro Felix Muchemwa ZANU–PF 10,610 87.70
Douglas Chanakira ZUM 1,488 12.30
Turnout 12,707 34.74
Ngezi Frederick Mugwangwavari ZANU–PF 8,222 95.36
Lovemore Tapera ZUM 400 4.64
Turnout 9,036 25.41
Zvimba Sabina Mugabe ZANU–PF 8,008 93.85
Esau Chakupe ZUM 525 6.15
Turnout 8,852 20.73
Masvingo
Constituency Candidate Party Votes %
Bikita East Gabriel Machinga ZANU–PF unopposed
Bikita West Jewel Kufandada ZANU–PF 10,715 74.23
Kenneth Matimba ZANU–PF 3,719 25.77
Turnout 15,656 41.93
Chiredzi Central Henry Pote ZANU–PF 21,903 83.21
Leo Chanda ZUM 4,420 16.79
Turnout 29,239 68.96
Chiredzi South Aaron Baloyi ZANU–PF unopposed
Chiredzi–Zaka Titus Maluleke ZANU–PF unopposed
Chivi North Ketina Mudamburi ZANU–PF unopposed
Chivi South Paradza Mandebvu ZANU–PF 18,834 96.09
Munashe Chidavashe ZUM 767 3.91
Turnout 20,368 48.95
Gutu East Ephraim Marwizi ZANU–PF 8,865 59.83
Nelson Mawema ZANU–PF 5,951 40.17
Turnout 15,367 41.91
Gutu North Joseph Mandaba ZANU–PF 12,409 61.84
Oliver Munyaradzi ZANU–PF 7,657 38.16
Turnout 21,467 59.40
Gutu South Shuvai Mahofa ZANU–PF 18,799 93.88
Isaac Chimwanda ZUM 1,226 6.12
Turnout 20,758 60.06
Masvingo Central Dzikamai Mavhaire ZANU–PF 26,188 87.02
Naboth Musabayana ZUM 3,905 12.98
Turnout 32,062 76.36
Masvingo North George Mudukuti ZANU–PF unopposed
Masvingo South Eddison Zvobgo ZANU–PF unopposed
Mwenezi Zephaniah Matchaba-Hove ZANU–PF 22,547 95.33
Philemon Baloyi ZUM 1,105 4.67
Turnout 24,916 56.08
Zaka East Simbi Mubako ZANU–PF 7,118 53.23
Wurayayi Chisamba ZANU–PF 4,812 38.62
Isaac Gwenure ZUM 530 4.25
Turnout 13,371 n/a
Zaka West Jefta Chindanya ZANU–PF 19,803 94.26
Gladman Machakata ZUM 1,205 5.74
Turnout 22,536 47.25
Matabeleland North
Constituency Candidate Party Votes %
Binga Paul Siachimbo ZANU–PF 7,358 73.10
Abraham Chiketo ZUM 2,708 26.90
Turnout 14,199 34.83
Bubi Micah Bhebhe ZANU–PF 14,639 84.39
Michael Ndondo ZUM 2,708 15.61
Turnout 19,102 56.17
Hwange Crispen Sibanda ZANU–PF 19,790 77.19
Elton Muchemwa ZUM 5,847 22.81
Turnout 28,340 61.97
Lupane Nkosembi Khumalo ZANU–PF 18,379 85.08
Thomas Sililo Masuku ZUM 3,222 14.92
Turnout 23,790 50.33
Nkayi Welshman Mabhena ZANU–PF 16,313 93.24
Rogers Ndlovu ZUM 1,182 6.76
Turnout 19,797 48.91
Nyamandhlovu Mark Rosenfels ZANU–PF 10,462 85.35
Geoffrey Peterson ZUM 1,796 14.65
Turnout 13,204 36.49
Tsholotsho Amos Mkwananzi ZANU–PF 19,993 91.17
Elliot Mlotshwa ZUM 1,936 8.83
Turnout 24,028 53.61
Matabeleland South
Constituency Candidate Party Votes %
Beitbridge Kembo Mohadi ZANU–PF 16,190 86.05
Simon Ncube ZUM 2,624 13.95
Turnout 21,502 52.43
Bulilimamangwe North Richard Ndlovu ZANU–PF 16,385 88.30
Shortie Ncube ZUM 2,172 11.70
Turnout 20,233 56.81
Bulilimamangwe South Simon Khaya-Moyo ZANU–PF 12,151 89.00
Michael Ndawana ZUM 1,502 11.00
Turnout 15,233 45.67
Gwanda North Johnson Ndlovu ZANU–PF 15,364 84.33
Agrippa Madlela Independent 1,524 8.36
Clement Khumalo ZUM 1,331 7.31
Turnout 19,083 55.06
Gwanda South[note 4] Eliah Masiyane ZANU–PF n/a n/a
Turnout n/a n/a
Insiza Naison Ndlovu ZANU–PF 13,660 84.22
Newman Ndlela ZUM 2,560 15.78
Turnout 17,848 45.59
Matobo Stephen Nkomo ZANU–PF 17,346 92.91
Reason Nkomazana ZUM 1,323 7.099
Turnout 21,282 58.33
Umzingwane Thenjiwe Lesabe ZANU–PF 12,122 82.22
Hezikia Hlabangana ZUM 1,740 11.80
Aaron Ndabambi Independent 882 5.98
Turnout 15,606 35.52
Midlands
Constituency Candidate Party Votes %
Chikomba Ernest Kadungure ZANU–PF 25,929 94.23
Jesmiel Chakauya ZUM 1,589 5.77
Turnout 28,630 59.58
Chirumanzu Hlomayi Mangwende ZANU–PF 21,468 92.04
Hoinos Machaya ZUM 1,856 7.96
Turnout 24,649 56.07
Gokwe East Titus Marongwe ZANU–PF 19,888 91.87
Isaiah Mucheki ZUM 1,761 8.13
Turnout 22,989 67.05
Gokwe North Benson Mbowa ZANU–PF 20,672 88.73
Patrick Manwende ZUM 2,626 11.27
Turnout 24,862 55.48
Gokwe South Jason Machaya ZANU–PF 21,785 89.66
Nokuthula Nduka ZUM 2,511 10.34
Turnout 25,872 74.60
Gokwe West[note 5] George Marange ZANU–PF n/a n/a
Turnout n/a n/a
Gweru Central Simon Muzenda ZANU–PF 14,083 71.84
Patrick Kombayi ZUM 5,234 26.70
Bernard Kutesera UANC 285 1.45
Turnout 20,173 52.54
Gweru North[note 6] Cyril Ndebele ZANU–PF n/a n/a
Turnout n/a n/a
Gweru South Ernest Tongogara ZANU–PF 17,311 76.73
Bernard Gwati ZUM 4,863 21.55
Onward Manyeruke UANC 387 1.72
Turnout 23,281 55.28
Kwekwe Emmerson Mnangagwa ZANU–PF 23,898 77.11
Sylvester Chibanda ZUM 7,094 22.89
Turnout 32,428 78.97
Mberengwa East Richard Hove ZANU–PF 21,632 95.56
Ben Shumba ZUM 1,004 4.44
Turnout 23,355 51.27
Mberengwa West Ben Mataga ZANU–PF 22,005 88.87
Choboro Masarira Independent 1,513 6.11
Mathias Munyenyiwa ZUM 1,242 5.02
Turnout 26,216 55.76
Shurugwi David Ruzive ZANU–PF 25,575 94.01
Peter Musiyiwa ZUM 1,630 5.99
Turnout 28,343 63.22
Silobela Steven Vuma ZANU–PF 14,402 85.31
Kaiza Jackson ZUM 2,479 14.69
Turnout 17,589 54.16
Zvishavane Tsungirirai Hungwe ZANU–PF 22,438 88.82
Raphael Mudari ZUM 2,823 11.18
Turnout 26,461 58.00
Zhombe Peter Hewlett ZANU–PF 15,912 91.58
Rodger Ross ZUM 1,083 6.23
Raphael Muroyiwa Independent 380 2.19
Turnout 18,241 53.71
Sources: Chimanimani and Mberengwa East;[2] all other constituencies[1]

Notes and references

Notes
  1. Full results for Luveve were not released.
  2. Because blank ballots were mistakenly sent to Chimanimani, the election there was postponed and held at a later date.
  3. Full results for Makoni West were not released.
  4. Full results for Gwanda South were not released.
  5. Full results for Gokwe West were not released.
  6. Full results for Gweru North were not released.

References
  1. "ZANU PF in Massive Victory as People Reject Forces of Disunity". Zimbabwe News. 21: 14–20. March 1990 – via JSTOR.
  2. Moyo, Jonathan N. (1992). Voting for Democracy: A Study of Electoral Politics in Zimbabwe. University of Zimbabwe Publications. pp. 168–169. ISBN 978-0-908307-25-8.
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