Train simulator

A train simulator (also railroad simulator or railway simulator) is a computer based simulation of rail transport operations. They are generally large complicated software packages modeling a 3D virtual reality world implemented both as commercial trainers, and consumer computer game software with 'play modes' which lets the user interact by stepping inside the virtual world. Because of the near view modeling, often at speed, train simulator software is generally far more complicated software to write and implement than flight simulator programs.

This article is about train simulator programs in general. For other uses, see Train simulator (disambiguation).
"Rail simulator" redirects here. For the game of that specific name, see Rail Simulator.
A locomotive driving simulator of a China Railways HXD3B electric locomotive, produced by CNR Dalian and Southwest Jiaotong University
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Simulation video games
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Industrial train simulations
A Ferrocarriles Argentinos Railway Simulator.

Like flight simulators, train simulators have been produced for railway training purposes. Driver simulators include those produced by:

  • Avansim, based in the UK and Germany[1]
  • Transurb Simulation,[2] a Belgian-based company
  • FAAC (the training division of Arotech Corporation) in the United States [3]
  • Ongakukan in Japan[4]
  • EADS in Germany[5]
  • Bentley Systems in the UK[6]
  • Lander Simulation & Training Solutions, Spain[7][8]
  • CORYS,[9] a French company with offices in Grenoble, France and Jacksonville, FL, USA
  • Krauss-Maffei Wegmann GmbH & Co KG (KMW),[10] a German company based in Munich
  • Oktal Sydac[11] in Australia, France, India and the UK
  • SMART Simulatation[12] - part of the Neokon Baltija group from Lithuania with offices in the UK and Russia.
  • New York Air Brake, an American company based in Watertown, NY.[13]
  • PS Technology, an American company based in Boulder, CO.[14]

Signaller training simulators have been developed by Funkwerk in Germany,[15][16] The Railway Engineering Company (TRE) in the UK,[17][18] OpenTrack Railway Technology in Switzerland,[19][20] and PS Technology in the US.[21]

Types of train simulators

There are various types of train driving simulators that are adapted to varying training needs and can be combined to meet operators' training needs in the most efficient way.

Full-cabin simulators

Similarly to flight simulators, train simulators can be a replica of a full driving cabin, on a one-to-one scale. This type of simulator is opted for when a train operator needs an immersive training tool for particularly effective training sessions.[22]

Intermediate, more compact simulators

Certain simulators can uphold a certain level of immersion while optimising the space of a training room. When a certain balance between immersion and scalability is needed, this type of simulator is chosen by instructors.[23]

Portable simulators

When a train operator has various training centres, it is sometimes easier and more logical to invest in smaller simulators that can be transported from one centre to another.[24] The company Transurb Simulation was the first to propose such a tool, which has now been adopted by many operators around the world and is becoming of a growing interest for smaller operators.

Consumer train simulation

Many consumer train simulations have been produced, often focusing on different aspects of real-life railways.

Driving simulation

Train driving simulation games usually allow a user to have a "driver's view" from the locomotive's cab and operate realistic cab controls such as throttle, brake valve, sand, horn and whistle, lights etc.

Train driving simulation software includes:

  • BVE Trainsim (originally Boso View Express[25][26][27]) is a Japanese three-dimensional computer-based train simulator.[27] It is notable for focusing on providing an accurate driving experience[27][28][29] as viewed from inside the cab, rather than creating a network of other trains—There are no outside views, drivers can only look directly ahead, and other trains passed along the route are only displayed as stationary objects.[27][30][31]
  • Densha de Go!, a Japanese train simulation game series focused on driving, developed by Taito.
  • Diesel Railcar Simulator, a train simulator focusing on British diesel-mechanical railcars.
  • Microsoft Train Simulator (MSTS), developed by Kuju Entertainment.
  • Rail Simulator, a spiritual successor to MSTS also developed by Kuju Entertainment.
  • Train Simulator (originally RailWorks), a successor to Rail Simulator created when a new company, Rail Simulator Developments Ltd, purchased the rights. In 2013 RSDL rebranded themselves as Dovetail Games, and renamed Railworks to simply Train Simulator.
  • Run8, a primarily multiplayer train simulator focused on realistic North American freight operations.
  • Train Simulator series (a.k.a. Railfan)
  • Trainz
  • MaSzyna,[32] a freeware train simulator mainly focusing on Polish mainline rolling stock.

The PC game 3D Ultra Lionel Traintown, amongst some others, give a different experience to driving, by being in a 3rd person omniscient perspective, controlling the trains from a bird's eye view.

Peripherals specifically designed for use with driving simulations include RailDriver by US manufacturer P.I. Engineering. RailDriver is a programmable desktop cab controller with throttle, brake lever and switches designed to work with Trainz, TrainMaster, Microsoft Train Simulator and Rail Simulator.[33]

Strategy simulation

Railroad-themed strategy simulation video games are focused mostly on the economic part of the railroad industry rather than on technical detail. The A-Train series (1985 to present) is an early example. Chris Sawyer's Transport Tycoon (1994) was an influential game in this genre,[34] spawning remakes such as Simutrans (1999 to present), OpenTTD (2004 to present) and Sawyer's own Locomotion (2004). Sid Meier designed two railroad simulations: Railroad Tycoon (1990) and Railroads! (2006). The Railroad Tycoon series itself inspired other rail games such as Rails Across America (2001).[35]

Other genres

Some rail simulation games focus on railway signalling rather than driving or economics. Examples include The Train Game (1983), SimSig, JBSS BAHN,[36] Train Dispatcher, and the series of signalling simulations produced by PC-Rail Software.[37]

History

Train simulators are particularly popular in Japan, where rail transport is the primary form of travel for most citizens.[38] Train video games have been developed in Japan since the early 1980s, with Sega's arcade action game Super Locomotive (1982) being an early example, before more realistic train simulators emerged, such as Ongakukan's Train Simulator series (1995 debut) and Taito's Densha de Go series (1996 debut),[38] as well as train business simulations such as the A-Train series (1985 debut).[39] Non-commercial Japanese sims include the freeware BVE, first released in 1996, which was later remade as the free and open-source OpenBVE.

One of the first commercially available train simulators in the West was Southern Belle, released in 1985. The game simulated a journey of the Southern Belle steam passenger train from London Victoria to Brighton, while at the same time the player must comply with speed limits, not to go too fast on curves and keep to the schedule. It was followed with Evening Star in 1987. The first two train simulators to achieve large sales in the West, Microsoft Train Simulator and Trainz, arrived within a few months of one another in 2001. These featured differing design philosophies - Microsoft Train Simulator focused on providing a realistic driving experience, whereas Trainz focused more on the ability of the user to create their own content such as trains and routes.

The developers behind Microsoft Train Simulator, Kuju Entertainment, later released a spiritual successor called Rail Simulator, which was later purchased by a separate company and rereleased as Railworks.

See also

References
  1. "Avansim | The Professional Rail Driving Simulator". avansim.com. Retrieved 2023-08-07.
  2. "Driving Simulators - areas of expertise". Transurb Simulation.
  3. "Rail Operator Training Simulators". faac.com. FAAC. Retrieved 2019-10-04.
  4. "Train Simulator for Pro-use" in Ongakukan website. Retrieved 2010-03-26.
  5. "EADS - Very High Speed, Intercity and Suburban Train Simulators". railway-technology.com. SPG Media Limited. Retrieved 2009-03-14.
  6. "First Great Western - Investment in driver training with new lifesize simulator". First Great Western. www.firstgreatwestern.co.uk. 4 March 2004. Archived from the original on 25 June 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-14.
  7. "Simulators adapted to each reality". Lander simulation. March 7, 2018.
  8. "LANDER Simulation & Training Solutions - Training Simulators - Railway Technology". www.railway-technology.com. Retrieved 2009-01-24.
  9. "CORYS | DYNAMIC SIMULATION". CORYS.
  10. "Marktführer für hochgeschützte Rad- und Kettenfahrzeuge in Europa - KMW". www.kmweg.de.
  11. "Oktal Sydac - Simulation in Motion". www.oktalsydac.com.
  12. "Smart Simulation company - train simulator manufacturer supplier". smart-simulators.com.
  13. "New York Air Brake - TDS-5000". www.nyab.com. Archived from the original on 2010-11-09. Retrieved 2013-07-18.
  14. "Locomotive Simulation | Class II Simulator | Locomotive Simulation Software | Engineer Training | PS Technology". Archived from the original on 2013-05-06. Retrieved 2013-07-18.
  15. "BEST –Trainingssystem für die Ausbildung des Personals in Leitzentralen und Stellwerken" (in German). Archived from the original on 2013-04-12. Retrieved 2013-03-19.
  16. "SBB: Moderne Simulatoren für Zugverkehrsleiter" (in German). eurailpresse.de. 15 September 2009. Archived from the original on 2013-06-16. Retrieved 2013-03-19.
  17. Ryland, H. (2005). "Operations - the value of training simulators [railway signaller training]". IEE Seminar on Safety Assurance. Vol. 2005. p. 17. doi:10.1049/ic:20050418. ISBN 0-86341-574-1. Since the Cullen Report into the accident at Ladbroke Grove, there has been increased pressure to improve the training of railway signallers. The Railway Engineering Company has responded to this situation by providing comprehensive signaller training systems. These have been installed for all workstations at all the IECC installations on Network Rail.
  18. "TRE_CORPORATE_BROCHURE.pdf (application/pdf Object)" (PDF). www.theraileng.co.uk. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-08-07. Retrieved 2009-01-24.
  19. Hürlimann, Daniel (20 September 2007). "OpenTrack presentation" (PDF). The 12th Conference of the railML Initiative (in German). RailML.org. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 2009-03-14.
  20. "OpenTrack Railway Technology - Railway Simulation". www.opentrack.ch. Retrieved 2009-01-24.
  21. "Conductor Training | Rail Yard Training | Switching Yard Software | Yard Simulation | Conductor Simulator | PS Technology". Archived from the original on 2013-05-06. Retrieved 2013-07-18.
  22. "Full-Cab Simulator - Transurb Simulation". Archived from the original on 2022-05-24. Retrieved 2022-05-24.
  23. "Compact Simulator - Transurb Simulation". Archived from the original on 2022-05-22. Retrieved 2022-05-24.
  24. "Nano Simulator - Transurb Simulation". Archived from the original on 2022-05-24. Retrieved 2022-05-24.
  25. Lew, Alexander (2007-12-17). "The Best Free Train Simulator". Autopia. Wired News. Archived from the original on 4 May 2009. Retrieved 2009-05-04.
  26. BVE Train Simulator(archive), The Simon Tonekham Statesman blog
  27. "Announcing Boso View Express (BVE)". Train Simmer. 2001-02-26. Archived from the original on 2008-10-07. Retrieved 2009-08-14. Boso View Express (BVE) is a freeware 3D train simulator ... under development since 1996. ... nor does it offer dynamic scenery (moving trains). It does feature ... trains that react accurately
  28. "Microsoft Train Simulator". CBS Interactive. 2005-01-03. Retrieved 2009-08-14. BVE ... physics are comparable with the real trains. ... Plenty of routes and trains are available free too!
  29. Baum, Peter. "Mechanik/ BVE". Retrieved 2009-08-14. the trains actually rock back and forth and lean into turns ... has still remained popular due to its superior sound, train handling characteristics, and its easily modifiable components.
  30. Barten, Alfred (2005). "Virtual Railroading/Train Simulation FAQs". Archived from the original on 6 February 2005. Retrieved 14 August 2009. BVE is built linearly. There is no opportunity to branch, unless the branched version is treated as a second route. ... BVE routes can also be built using Notepad
  31. Hanstater, David. "Editorial: BVE Train Simulator". Atomic Systems IP. Retrieved 2009-08-14. BVE is much smaller ... the only view is straight forward through the cab window. There are no outside views
  32. "MaSzyna - Symulator Pojazdów Szynowych". eu07.pl.
  33. "Train-Sim.Com Review: RailDriver". www.train-sim.com. Archived from the original on 2009-03-27. Retrieved 2009-01-17.
  34. Daniel Emery (10 March 2009). "Inside Games: Creative Assembly". BBC News. Retrieved 2009-11-09.
  35. Scott Osborne (October 12, 2001). "Rails Across America Review". GameSpot. Archived from the original on January 24, 2013. Retrieved 2009-11-09. While admittedly inspired by the hit Railroad Tycoon series, Rails Across America takes a broader approach to rail empire building and offers some novel, entertaining features.
  36. "JB BAHN Railway Simulation Software".
  37. "PC-Rail Simulations". www.pcrail.co.uk.
  38. Plasket, Michael (September 13, 2017). "Super Locomotive". Hardcore Gaming 101. Retrieved 5 May 2021.
  39. Robinson, Martin (21 March 2021). "Take the A-Train, or how I fell in love with a hardcore accounting sim". Eurogamer. Retrieved 5 May 2021.
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