Queen Wonseong

Queen Wonseong of the Ansan Kim clan (Korean: 원성왕후 김씨; Hanja: 元成王后 金氏; d. 15 August 1028[2]) or formally called as Grand Queen Mother Wonseong (Korean: 원성왕태후; Hanja: 元成王太后) was a Korean queen consort as the 3rd wife of King Hyeonjong of Goryeo[1] who became the mother of his successors, Deokjong and Jeongjong.

Not to be confused with the 38th King of Silla, Wonseong of Silla.
Queen Wonseong
원성왕후
Grand Queen Mother Wonseong
(원성왕태후, 元成王太后)
Queen consort of Goryeo
Tenure1022 – 15 August 1028
Coronation1022
PredecessorQueen Wonhwa
SuccessorRoyal Consort Gyeongmok
Died15 August 1028[1]
Kingdom of Goryeo
Burial
Myeongneung tomb
Spouse
​
​
(m. 1011⁠–⁠1028)​
IssueDeokjong of Goryeo
Jeongjong of Goryeo
Queen Inpyeong
Princess Gyeongsuk
Regnal name
  • Primary Lady Yeongyeong (연경원주, 延慶院主; from 1016)
  • Princess Yeongyeong (연경궁주, 延慶宮主; from 1018)
Posthumous name
Grand Queen Mother Wonseong Yongui Gonghye Yeongmok Yangdeok Sinjeol Sunseong Jaseong Gwangseon
원성용의공혜영목양덕신절순성자성광선왕태후
(元成容懿恭惠英穆良德信節順聖慈聖廣宣王太后)
HouseAnsan Kim clan
FatherKim Unbu
MotherLady Yi, of the Gyeongwon Yi clan
ReligionBuddhism

She was born into the Ansan Kim clan as the eldest daughter of Kim Unbu and Lady Yi, daughter of Yi Hogyom (이허겸) from the Gyeongwon Yi clan. Kim Unbu was an influential royal court favorite and official.[3] In 1010, King Hyeonjong who had fled to Naju, Jeolla-do due to the Khitan's invasion, stayed overnight in Gongju, Chungcheongnam-do at Kim Unbu's house and Kim welcomed him with made his eldest daughter serve Hyeonjong comfortably. It was said too that Lady Kim made and dedicated clothes to Hyeonjong own. After this, Unbu's two other daughters also married to Hyeonjong.

According to Goryeosa, she firstly entered the palace in 1011 and honoured as Primary Lady Yeongyeong (연경원주, 延慶院主) not long after bore her eldest son, Wang Heum in 1016. Then, she was given the "Yeongyeong Palace" (연경궁, 延慶宮) and became Princess Yeongyeong (연경궁주, 延慶宮主) after bore her second son, Wang Hyeong in 1018. Beside Heum and Hyeong, she also bore Hyeonjong 2 other daughters. In 1022, she formally became a Queen consort and stayed in "Janggyeong Palace" (장경궁, 長慶宮) five years later in 1027. However, she eventually died a year later and was buried in Myeongneung tomb (명릉, 明陵) alongside enshrined in her husband's shrine later.

Family
  • Father: Kim Unbu (d. 11 June 1017)
    • Grandfather: Kim Kŭngpil (김긍필, 金兢弼)
      • 1st Older brother: Kim Chung-chan (김충찬, 金忠贊; d. July 1036)
      • 2nd Older brother: Kim Nan-won (김난원, 金爛圓; 1055–1101)
      • 1st Younger sister: Queen Wonhye (원혜왕후; d. 1022)
      • 2nd Younger sister: Queen Wonpyeong (원평왕후; d. 1028)
  • Mother: Grand Lady of Ansan County of the Incheon Yi clan (안산군대부인 인천 이씨); formally called as "Grand Lady of the Anhyo State" (안효국대부인, 安孝國大夫人)[4]
    • Grandfather: Yi Ho-gyom (이허겸, 李許謙) – the founder of the Incheon Yi clan.
    • Grandmother: Grand Lady of Ansan County of the Gyeongju Kim clan (안산군대부인 경주 김씨)
  • Husband: King Hyeonjong of Goryeo (고려 현종; 992–1031)

Posthumous name
  • After King Deokjong's ascension to the throne in 1031, he honoured his late mother as Grand Queen Mother (왕태후, 王太后) and gave her a Posthumous name as Yong-ui (용의, 容懿) and Gong-hye (공혜, 恭惠).
  • In October 1056 (10th year reign of King Munjong), name Yeong-mok (영목, 英穆); Yang-deok (양덕, 良德); Sin-jeol (신절, 信節); and Sun-seong (순성, 順聖) was added.
  • In April 1140 (18th year reign of King Injong), name Ja-seong (자성, 慈聖) was added.
  • In October 1253 (40th year reign of King Gojong), name Gwang-seon (광선, 廣宣) was added to her Posthumous name too.

[5][6]

References
  1. Young-kyoo, Park (2000). 한권으로읽는고려왕조실록 [Annals of the Goryeo Dynasty in one volume] (in Korean). University of Michigan: Deullyeok. pp. 197, 216, 224. ISBN 9788975271540. Retrieved June 25, 2021.
  2. In Lunar calendar, she died on 22nd day 7th month 1028.
  3. "김은부". Goryeosa (in Chinese). Retrieved June 25, 2021.
  4. Kim Ki-duk (1995). "국대부인(國大夫人)". Encykorea (in Korean). Retrieved July 3, 2021.
  5. "고려시대 史料 Database". db.history.go.kr (in Korean). Retrieved June 25, 2021.
  6. "고려시대 史料 Database". db.history.go.kr (in Chinese). Retrieved June 25, 2021.
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