Apertochrysa

Apertochrysa
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Neuroptera
Family:	Chrysopidae
Subfamily:	Chrysopinae
Tribe:	Chrysopini
Genus:	Apertochrysa; Tjeder, 1966
Diversity
	183 described species
Synonyms[1][2]
	Navasius Yang & Yang, 1990; Dichochrysa Yang, 1991; Pseudomallada Tsukaguchi, 1995;

Apertochrysa is a genus of green lacewings in the family Chrysopidae. There are 183 described species in the genus.[2]

Taxonomy

This genus was originally described in 1990 by Xing-ke Yang and Chi-kun Yang under the name of Navasius. The name was a junior homonym of Navasius Esben-Petersen, 1936, a species of antlion, so a replacement name of Dichochrysa was proposed by Yang in 1991.[3] However, a ruling by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature instead maintained priority of the name Pseudomallada Tsukaguchi, 1995, thereby renaming the species previously described under the name of Dichochrysa.[1] Further taxonomic work in 2021 by Breitkreuz, Duelli, and Oswald synonymized those genera under Apertochrysa Tjeder, 1966.[2]

Distribution

Apertochrysa is a subcosmopolitan genus.[2] The majority of species are known from the Palearctic region, particularly from the continents of Asia and Africa.[4]

Species

The following 183 species are currently classified under Apertochrysa:[2]

A. abdominalis (Brauer, 1856)
A. aegyptiaca (Navás, 1915)
A. afghanica (Hölzel, 1973)
A. alarconi (Navás, 1915)
A. albofrontata (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
A. alcestes (Banks, 1911)
A. alliumolens (Hölzel et al., 1997)
A. allochroma (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
A. alviolata (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
A. amseli (Hölzel, 1980)
A. ancistroidea (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
A. angustivittata (Dong et al., 2004)
A. anomala (Tillyard, 1917)
A. arabica (Hölzel, 1995)
A. arcuata (Dong et al., 2004)
A. ariadne (Hölzel, 1978)
A. aromatica (C.-k. Yang & X.-k. Yang, 1989)
A. aspersa (Wesmael, 1841)
A. astur (Banks, 1937)
A. atrosparsa (Tjeder, 1966)
A. australis (New, 1980)
A. barkamana (C.-k. Yang et al., 1992)
A. baronissa (Navás, 1921)
A. basuto (Tjeder, 1966)
A. benedictae (Séméria, 1976)
A. bibens (Hölzel et al., 1997)
A. birungana (Navás, 1924)
A. brachychela (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
A. budongensis (Hölzel, 2001)
A. caffer (Tjeder, 1966)
A. carinata (Dong et al., 2004)
A. chailensis (Ghosh, 1977)
A. chaoi (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
A. chlorella (Navás, 1914)
A. chloris (Schneider, 1851)
A. choui (C.-k. Yang & X.-k. Yang, 1989)
A. clathrata (Schneider, 1845)
A. cognatella (Okamoto, 1914)
A. collartina (Navás, 1932)
A. congolana (Navás, 1911)
A. cordata (X.-x. Wang & C.-k. Yang, 1992)
A. cyprina (Navás, 1932)
A. decaryna (Navás, 1924)
A. decolor (Navás, 1914)
A. decolor (Navás, 1936) (unreplaced junior homonym)
A. deqenana (C.-k. Yang et al., 1992)
A. derbendica (Hölzel, 1967)
A. deserta (Navás, 1912)
A. diaphana (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
A. dubia (Hölzel 1973)
A. duplicata (Navás, 1934)
A. edwardsi (Banks, 1940)
A. epunctata (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
A. eremita (Kimmins, 1955)
A. estriata (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
A. eumorpha (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
A. eurydera (Navás, 1910)
A. fanjingana (C.-k. Yang & X.-x. Wang, 1988)
A. flammefrontata (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
A. flavifrons (Brauer, 1851)
A. flavinotala (Dong et al., 2004)
A. flexuosa (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
A. forcipata (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1993)
A. formosana (Matsumura, 1910)
A. fortunata (McLachlan, 1882)
A. fuscineura (C.-k. Yang et al., 1992)
A. genei (Rambur, 1842)
A. gradata (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1993)
A. granadensis (Pictet, 1865)
A. gravesi (Navás, 1926)
A. gunvorae (Tjeder, 1966)
A. hadimensis (Canbulat & Kiyak, 2005)
A. hainana (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
A. hamata (Tjeder, 1966)
A. handschini (Navás, 1929)
A. healdi (Navás, 1926)
A. hespera (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
A. heudei (Navás, 1934)
A. hospitalis (Hölzel & Ohm, 1995)
A. huashanensis (C.-k. Yang & X.-k. Yang, 1989)
A. hubeiana (C.-k. Yang & X.-x. Wang, 1990)
A. iberica (Navás, 1903)
A. ifranina (Navás, 1936)
A. ignea (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
A. illota (Navás, 1908)
A. incongrua (Fraser, 1951)
A. incrassata (Tjeder, 1966)
A. ingae (Tjeder, 1966)
A. iniqua (Navás, 1931)
A. inopinata (Hölzel & Ohm, 1995)
A. inornata (Navás, 1901)
A. irrorella (Navás, 1936)
A. jiuzhaigouana (X.-k. Yang & X.-x. Wang in X.-k. Yang et al., 2005)
A. joannisi (Navás, 1910)
A. karooensis (Hölzel, 1993)
A. kiangsuensis (Navás, 1934)
A. kibonotoensis (van der Weele, 1910)
A. kinnaurensis (Gosh, 1977)
A. leai (Tillyard, 1917)
A. lii (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
A. longwangshana (X.-k. Yang, 1998)
A. lophophora (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
A. luaboensis (Tjeder, 1966)
A. luctuosa (Banks, 1911)
A. macleodi (Adams and Garland, 1983)
A. maghrebina (Hölzel & Ohm, 1984)
A. makrana (Hölzel, 1966)
A. mangkangensis (Dong et al., 2004)
A. marchionissa (Navás, 1915)
A. mauriciana (Hölzel & Ohm, 1991)
A. mediata (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1993)
A. medogana (C.-k. Yang et al. in Huang et al., 1988)
A. melanopis (Navás, 1914)
A. militaris (Hölzel & Ohm, 2000)
A. mira (Hölzel, 1973)
A. namibensis (Hölzel, 1993)
A. nautarum (Tillyard, 1917)
A. nicolaina (Navás, 1929)
A. nigra (McLachlan, 1869)
A. nigricornuta (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
A. norfolkensis (Tillyard, 1917)
A. nubilata (Navás, 1910)
A. nyassalandica (Navás, 1914)
A. oralis (Navás, 1914)
A. parabola (Okamoto, 1919)
A. perfecta (Banks, 1895)
A. perpallida (Tjeder, 1966)
A. pervenosa (Tjeder, 1966)
A. phantosula (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
A. phlebia (Navas, 1927)
A. physophlebia (Navas, 1914)
A. picteti (McLachlan, 1880)
A. pieli (Navás, 1931)
A. pilinota (Dong et al., 2004)
A. prasina (Burmeister, 1839)
A. pulchrina (Tjeder, 1966)
A. puncticollis (Banks, 1940)
A. punctilabris (McLachlan, 1894)
A. punctithorax (New, 1980)
A. qingchengshana (C.-k. Yang et al., 1992)
A. qinlingensis (C.-k. Yang & X.-k. Yang, 1989)
A. raedarii (Hölzel & Ohm, 2000)
A. rothschildi (Navás, 1915)
A. rubicunda (Hölzel, 1993)
A. rubra (Hölzel et al., 1994)
A. sana (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
A. sansibarica (Kolbe, 1897)
A. selenia (Navás, 1912)
A. sensitiva (Tjeder, 1940)
A. setosa (Hölzel & Ohm, 1995)
A. sierra (Banks, 1924)
A. spadix (Hölzel, 1988)
A. spissinervis (Tjeder, 1966)
A. subcostalis (McLachlan, 1882)
A. subcubitalis (Navás, 1901)
A. subflavifrons (Tjeder, 1949)
A. sybaritica (McLachlan in Fedchenko, 1875)
A. tacta (Navás, 1921)
A. teiresias (Hölzel & Ohm, 1982)
A. triactinata (New, 1980)
A. triangularis (Adams, 1978)
A. triangularis (C.-k. Yang & X.-x. Wang, 1994) (unreplaced junior homonym)
A. tridentata (X.-k. Yang & C.-k. Yang, 1990)
A. truncatata (X.-k. Yang et al. in X.-k. Yang et al., 2005)
A. umbrosa (Navás, 1914)
A. ussuriensis (Makarkin, 1985)
A. varians (Kimmins, 1959)
A. venosa (Rambur, 1838)
A. venosella (Esben-Petersen, 1920)
A. ventralis (Curtis, 1834)
A. venusta (Hölzel, 1974)
A. verna (C.-k. Yang & X.-k. Yang, 1989)
A. viridifrons (Hölzel & Ohm, 1999)
A. vitticlypea (C.-k. Yang & X.-x. Wang, 1990)
A. waitei (Tillyard, 1917)
A. wangi (C.-k. Yang et al., 1992)
A. wuchangana (C.-k. Yang & X.-x. Wang, 1990)
A. xiamenana (C.-k. Yang et al., 1999)
A. yangi (X.-k. Yang & X.-x. Wang in X.-k. Yang et al., 2005)
A. yunnana (C.-k. Yang & X.-x. Wang, 1994)
A. yuxianensis (Bian & Li, 1992)
A. zelleri (Schneider, 1851)
A. zulu (Tjeder, 1966)

References

"Opinion 2254 (Case 3399) Dichochrysa Yang, 1991 (Insecta, Neuroptera): generic name not conserved". The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. 67 (3): 261–262. 2010. doi:10.21805/bzn.v67i3.a4. S2CID 80717626.
Breitkreuz, Laura; Duelli, Peter; Oswald, John D. (2021). "Apertochrysa Tjeder, 1966, a new senior synonym of Pseudomallada Tsukaguchi, 1995 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Chrysopinae: Chrysopini)". Zootaxa. 4966 (2): 215–225. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4966.2.8. PMID 34186621. S2CID 235505041.
Xingke, Yang (1994). "The revision on species of genus Dichochrysa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from China". Entomotaxonomia. 17 (Suppl): 26–34. Retrieved 28 August 2020.
Kang-zhen, Dong; Li Wen-zhu; Cui Jun-zhi; Yang Xing-ke (2004). "Three new species of Dichochrysa (Insecta: Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from China, with a checkist of Chinese Dichochrysa" (PDF). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 52 (1): 67–74. Retrieved 28 August 2020.

External links

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[iczn-1] "Opinion 2254 (Case 3399) Dichochrysa Yang, 1991 (Insecta, Neuroptera): generic name not conserved". The Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. 67 (3): 261–262. 2010. doi:10.21805/bzn.v67i3.a4. S2CID 80717626.

[Breitkreuz_et_al._2021-2] Breitkreuz, Laura; Duelli, Peter; Oswald, John D. (2021). "Apertochrysa Tjeder, 1966, a new senior synonym of Pseudomallada Tsukaguchi, 1995 (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae: Chrysopinae: Chrysopini)". Zootaxa. 4966 (2): 215–225. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.4966.2.8. PMID 34186621. S2CID 235505041.

[3] Xingke, Yang (1994). "The revision on species of genus Dichochrysa (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from China". Entomotaxonomia. 17 (Suppl): 26–34. Retrieved 28 August 2020.

[Dong-4] Kang-zhen, Dong; Li Wen-zhu; Cui Jun-zhi; Yang Xing-ke (2004). "Three new species of Dichochrysa (Insecta: Neuroptera: Chrysopidae) from China, with a checkist of Chinese Dichochrysa" (PDF). The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 52 (1): 67–74. Retrieved 28 August 2020.