Prunus elaeagrifolia

Prunus elaeagrifolia (Persian: ارژن) is a species of wild almond native to Iran. It is shrub or small tree 3-4 m tall, with the gray bark of its older twigs peeling in places and showing a brownish-yellow underbark. Its leaves are densely pubescent, with the pubescence yellowish gray.[2] It is mostly found in the southern portion of the Zagros Mountains, where in places it is one of the dominant tree species. Its 2n=16 chromosomes have karyotypic formula 7m+t.[3][4]

Prunus elaeagrifolia
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Rosales
Family: Rosaceae
Genus: Prunus
Species:
P. elaeagrifolia
Binomial name
Prunus elaeagrifolia
(Spach) Fritsch[1]
Synonyms
  • Amygdalus elaeagrifolia Spach (basionym)[1]
  • Prunus elaeagnifolia (Spach) Fritsch (orth. var.)[1]
  • Prunus elaeagrifolia (Spach) A.E.Murray (isonym)[1]
  • Prunus elaeagnifolia (Spach) A.E.Murray (orth. var.)
  • Amygdalus elaeagrifolia subsp. leiocarpa (Boiss.) Browicz
  • Amygdalus elaeagrifolia var. pubescens Browicz
  • Amygdalus leiocarpa Boiss.
  • Prunus leiocarpa (Boiss.) Fritsch
  • Prunus leiocarpa (Boiss.) Schneider

Taxonomy

The species was first described by Édouard Spach in 1843 as Amygdalus elaeagrifolia.[5] Spach repeated this spelling of the epithet in Jaubert's Illustrationes plantarum orientalium, which he helped to edit. The epithet appears to be derived from elaeagros, the wild olive, and thus means 'wild olive-leaved'.[6] Subsequent writers seem to have thought he had made a typographic error, and so wrongly "corrected" the epithet to elaeagnifolia,[5][6] meaning 'with leaves like Elaeagnus'.

In 1892, Karl Fritsch transferred the species from Amygdalus to Prunus, spelling the epithet as "elaeagnifolia" rather than Spach's elaeagrifolia.[7] As of October 2021, some sources have followed Fritsch, calling the species Prunus "elaeagnifolia" rather than Prunus elaeagrifolia,[8] whereas the International Plant Names Index supported the use of elaeagrifolia.[1]

References
  1. "Prunus elaeagrifolia (Spach) Fritsch". The International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2021-10-15.
  2. Yazbek, Mariana Mostafa (February 2010). Systematics of Prunus Subgenus Amygdalus: Monograph and Phylogeny (PDF) (PhD). Cornell University. Retrieved 23 October 2018.
  3. Kazem, Yousefzadeh; Houshmand, Saadallah; Madani, Babak; Martínez-Gómez, Pedro (April 2010). "Karyotypic studies in Iranian wild almond species". Caryologia. 63 (2): 117–123. doi:10.1080/00087114.2010.10589716. S2CID 55412902.
  4. "Taxonomy browser (Prunus elaeagrifolia)".
  5. "Amygdalus elaeagrifolia Spach", The International Plant Names Index, retrieved 2021-10-14
  6. "Taxon: Amygdalus elaeagrifolia Spach", Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN-Taxonomy), National Germplasm Resources Laboratory, retrieved 2021-10-14
  7. Fritsch, Karl (1892), "Über einige südwestasiatische Prunus-Arten des Weiner botanischen Gartens", Sitzungsberichte der Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftlichen Classe der Kaiserlichen Akademie der Wissenschaften, 101 (1): 634, retrieved 2021-10-14
  8. "Prunus elaeagnifolia (Spach) Fritsch". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2021-10-14.


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