Proteoform

Proteoforms are the different forms of a protein produced from the genome with a variety of sequence variations, splice isoforms, and post-translational modifications.[1][2] Proteoform captures the disparate sources of biological variation which alter primary sequence and composition at the whole-protein level. Protein characterization at the proteoform level has a crucial importance to fully understand biological processes since specific proteoforms can carry particular biological functions.[3] The proteoforms estimation in human can be in millions for around 20,000 proteins.[4]

References
  1. Smith LM, Kelleher NL (March 2018). "Proteoforms as the next proteomics currency". Science. 359 (6380): 1106–1107. Bibcode:2018Sci...359.1106S. doi:10.1126/science.aat1884. PMC 5944612. PMID 29590032.
  2. Smith LM, Kelleher NL (March 2013). "Proteoform: a single term describing protein complexity". Nature Methods. 10 (3): 186–7. doi:10.1038/nmeth.2369. PMC 4114032. PMID 23443629.
  3. Lima DB, Dupré M, Duchateau M, Gianetto QG, Rey M, Matondo M, Chamot-Rooke J (November 2020). Valencia A (ed.). "ProteoCombiner: integrating bottom-up with top-down proteomics data for improved proteoform assessment" (PDF). Bioinformatics: btaa958. doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btaa958. PMID 33165572.
  4. Aebersold R, Agar JN, Amster IJ, Baker MS, Bertozzi CR, Boja ES, et al. (February 2018). "How many human proteoforms are there?". Nature Chemical Biology. 14 (3): 206–214. doi:10.1038/nchembio.2576. PMC 5837046. PMID 29443976.


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