Princess Bokguk
Grand Princess Bokguk (Korean: 복국장공주; Hanja: 濮國長公主; lit. 'Grand Princess of the Bok State'; d. 8 November 1319) was a Yuan dynasty imperial family member who became a Korean royal consort as the first wife[3] of King Chungsuk of Goryeo.[4] Her personal name was Borjigin Yilianzhenbala (Chinese: 孛兒只斤 亦憐真八剌). She died in 1319, within three years of her wedding.[1]
| Grand Princess Bokguk 복국장공주 濮國長公主 | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Consort of Goryeo | |||||||||
| Tenure | 1316 – 8 November 1319 | ||||||||
| Coronation | 1316 | ||||||||
| Predecessor | Queen Gongwon | ||||||||
| Successor | Princess Joguk | ||||||||
| Born | Borjigin Yilianzhenbala Yuan dynasty | ||||||||
| Died | 8 November 1319 Kingdom of Goryeo | ||||||||
| Spouse | |||||||||
| |||||||||
| House | Borjigin (by birth) House of Wang (by marriage) | ||||||||
| Father | Esen Temür | ||||||||
| Name | |
| Hangul | |
|---|---|
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Bokguk Janggongju |
| McCune–Reischauer | Pok'kuk Cha'ngkongch'u |
| Birth name | |
| Hangul | |
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Yeokrinjinpalra |
| McCune–Reischauer | Yŏk'ninch'inpal'la |
| Posthumous name | |
| Hangul | |
| Hanja | |
| Revised Romanization | Jeonghwa Gongju |
| McCune–Reischauer | Ch'ŏnghwa Kongch'u |
Life
When she came to Goryeo in the same year with her marriage in 1316, it was said that she was very jealous of Virtuous Consort Hong due to Hong's closeness with the King.[5] As a result, the Princess did not have a good relationship with the King and often was beaten, which made her bleed from her nose.[6] Three years later, she died and received her Posthumous name as Princess Jeonghwa (정화공주, 靖和公主).
Two years later, in 1321, Yi Sang-ji (이상지) was sent from Jungseoseong, Yuan dynasty to investigate the Princess's death.[6] At this time, the Princess's servant and some witnesses said:
- "Last August, when King Chungsuk and Consort Hong secretly slept together, the Princess eventually became jealous [of them] making her [receive beatings from] the King. This accident [happened often] until sometimes the Princess [bled from] her nose because of this."
- (작년 8월 충숙왕과 덕비가 몰래 동침하자 공주가 질투하여 왕이 공주를 구타하였으며, 이때 공주가 코피를 흘렸다. 9월에도 묘련사에 가서 왕이 공주를 구타하는 것을 어신부개 등이 말렸다).
For checking the other truth, the Yuans took all of the witnesses. Later, the Goryeo officials (Baek Won-hang (백원항) and Bak Hyo-su (박효수)) claimed their innocence and the investigation narrowly ended. For honour the Princess, the Yuan dynasty gave her the better title as Grand Princess of Bok State (복국장공주, 濮國長公主) in 1343. Meanwhile, she and Chungsuk did not have any issue.[6]
See also
References
- 森平雅彦 (2008). 高麗王家とモンゴル皇族の通婚関係に閲する覚書 (PDF). Kyoto University Press. p. 13.
- Lee, Lily; Wiles, Sue, eds. (2015). Biographical Dictionary of Chinese Women. Vol. II. Routledge. p. 609. ISBN 978-1-317-51562-3.
An emperor's [...] sister or a favorite daughter was called a grand princess (zhang gongzhu); and his aunt or grand-aunt was called a princess supreme (dazhang gongzhu).
- Goryeosa recorded that Bokguk was Chungsuk's 1st wife.
- 韓國女性關係資料集: 中世篇(中) [Collection of Korean Women's Relations: Middle Ages (Part 2)] (in Korean and Chinese). Ewha Womans University Women's Research Center: Ewha Womans University Press. 1985. ISBN 9788973000432.
- "덕비가 복국장공주의 투기로 정안공의 집에서 거주하다". Goryeosa (in Korean). Retrieved August 31, 2021.
- "충숙왕 후비 복국장공주". Goryeosa (in Korean). Retrieved August 31, 2021.
- 복국장공주 on Encykorea (in Korean).
- 복국장공주 on Doosan Encyclopedia (in Korean).