List of political parties in Spain

• Communist Unification of Spain (UCE) (1973–present)
• Spanish Communist Workers' Party (PCOE) (1973–present)
• Communist Party of the Peoples of Spain (PCPE) (1984–present)
• Communist Party of Spain (Marxist-Leninist) (2006–present)
• Revolutionary Left (2017–present)
• Communist Party of the Workers of Spain (PCTE) (2019–present)
• Internationalist Socialist Workers' Party (POSI) (1980–present)
• Internationalist Struggle (LI) (1999–present)
• Marxist–Leninist Party (Communist Reconstruction) (PML(RC)) (2014–present)

• National Democracy (1995–present)
• España 2000 (2002–present)
• Spanish Alternative (2003–present)
• National Alliance (Alianza Nacional) (2006–present)
• Party for Freedom (2013–present)

• Partido Regionalista por Andalucía Oriental (PRAO) [es]

• Partíu Asturianista (1985–present)
• Andecha Astur (1990–present)
• Asturian Left (1992–present)
• Unidad Regionalista Asturiana
• Bloc for Asturias (2003–present)
• Coalición Asturiana
• Unidá (2007–present)

• Zutik
• Zornotza Eginez (local)

• Cantabrian Nationalist Council (1995–present)

• Partido de El Bierzo (1979–present)
• Partido Regionalista del País Leonés (1980–present)
• Unidad Regionalista de Castilla y León (1992–present)
• Izquierda Castellana (2002–present)
• Agrupación de Electores Independientes Zamoranos
• Partido de Castilla y León (PCAL) [es]

• Estat Català (1922–present)
• Pirate Party of Catalonia (2010–present)
• National Front of Catalonia (2013–present)

• United Extremadura (1980–present)

• Galician People's Front (1986–present)
• Land Party (Partido da Terra) (2011–present)

• The Greens of the Community of Madrid (1995–present)

• Batzarre (1987–present)

• People's Socialist Party (1968–1978)
• National Union (1979–1982)
• People's Alliance, refounded as People's Party (1976–1989)
  • Liberal Party, absorbed into the People's Party (1976–1989)
  • People's Democratic Party, absorbed into the People's Party (1982–1989)
• Union of the Democratic Centre (1977–1983), refounded as Democratic and Social Centre (1982–2006) (merged into PP)
• Euskadiko Ezkerra, absorbed into Socialist Party of the Basque Country (1977–1993)
• Majorca Socialist Party, absorbed into PSM–Nationalist Agreement
• Democratic Reformist Party (1983–1986)
• Valencian Union (1982–2014)
• Andalusian Party (1965–2015)
• Herri Batasuna (1978–2001), refounded as Batasuna (2001–2013), the political branch of ETA, illegal
  • Euskal Herritarrok (1998–2003), banned
• Communist Party of the Basque Homelands (2002–2008), outlawed
• Convergence and Union (1978–2015)
• Aralar (2000–2017)
• Nafarroa Bai (2004–2015)
• Amaiur (2011–2015)
• Platform for Catalonia (2002–2019) (merged into Vox)
• Union, Progress and Democracy (2007–2020), a progressive party which ideologically combined social liberalism with centralism from the radical centre of political spectrum. It strongly supported the unity of Spain, thereby being an enemy of Spain's peripheral nationalism.

• National Alliance July 18 (1977)
• Spanish Solidarity (1982–1984)
• Republican Social Movement (1999–2018)
• Basque Nationalist Action (1930-2008), outlawed
• Askatasuna (1998–2009), banned
• Herritarren Zerrenda (2004), banned
• Demokrazia Hiru Milioi (2009), outlawed
• Partido Galeguista (1977–1984)
• Galician Coalition (1983–2012)
• Commoners' Land (1988–2009)
• Alianza por la Unidad Nacional (1995–2005) (Merged into National Alliance)
• Spanish Democratic Party (1996–2008)
• Nós–Unidade Popular (2001–2015)
• Cantabrian Unity (2002–2011)
• Union of the Salamancan People (2002–2014)
• Another Democracy is Possible (2003–2006)
• National Front (2006–2011)
• Unión Centrista Liberal (1978–2014)

• Moderate Party (1834–1874)
• Progressive Party (1834–1874)
• Democratic Party (1849–1869)
• Liberal Union (1858–1874)

• Moderate Party (1834–1874)
• Progressive Party (1834–1874)
• Democratic Party (1849–1869)
• Liberal Union (1858–1874)
• Traditionalist Communion (1869–1937)
• Radical Democratic Party (1871–1880)
• Federal Democratic Republican Party (1868–1912)
• Constitutional Party (1872–1880)

• Conservative Party (1876–1931)
• Liberal Party (1880–1931)
• Traditionalist Communion (1869–1937)
• Regionalist League of Catalonia (1901–1936)
• Republican Nationalist Federal Union (1910–1917)
• Republican–Socialist Conjunction (1909–1919)
• Maurist Party (1913–1930)
• Reformist Party (1912–1924)
• Radical Republican Party (1908–1936)
• Spanish Patriotic Union (1924–1930)

• National Front
  • Confederación Española de Derechas Autónomas (1933–1937)
    • Popular Action (1930–1933)
  • Spanish Agrarian Party (1934–1936)
  • Spanish Nationalist Party (1930–1936)
  • Spanish Renovation (1933–1937)
  • Traditionalist Communion (1869–1937)
• Popular Front
  • Republican Left (1934–1959)
  • Republican Union (1934–1958)
  • Syndicalist Party (1934–1976)
  • Workers' Party of Marxist Unification (1935–1980)
• Radical Republican Party (1908–1936)
• Falange Española de las JONS (1934–1937)
  • Falange Española (1933–1934)
  • Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional-Sindicalista (1931–1934)
• Regionalist League of Catalonia (1901–1936)
• Radical Socialist Republican Party (1929–1934)
• Liberal Republican Right (1930–1936)
• Republican Action (1925–1934)
• Conservative Republican Party (1932–1936)
• Party of the Democratic Centre (1936–1939)

During the period of the Francoist Regime from 1939 to 1977, Spain was a One-party state. That means that only one political party, the Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista (FET y de las JONS), was legally allowed to hold power.

• Falange Española Tradicionalista y de las Juntas de Ofensiva Nacional Sindicalista (1937–1977)
  • Falange Española de las JONS (1934–1937)
  • Traditionalist Communion (1869–1937)