Platanthera blephariglottis

Platanthera blephariglottis, commonly known as the white fringed orchid or white-fringed orchis, is a species of orchid of the genus Platanthera. It is considered to be an endangered species in Connecticut and Ohio, a threatened species in Florida, Maryland and Rhode Island, exploitably vulnerable in New York,[6] and susceptible to be threatened in Québec.

White fringed orchid
Flower of Platanthera blephariglottis

Apparently Secure  (NatureServe)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Genus: Platanthera
Species:
P. blephariglottis
Binomial name
Platanthera blephariglottis
Varieties
  • P. blephariglottis var. blephariglottis (Willd.) Lindl.
  • P. blephariglottis var. conspicua (Nash) Luer
Synonyms
  • Orchis blephariglottis Willd. (basionym)
  • Orchis ciliaris var. alba Michx.
  • Habenaria blephariglottis Hook.
  • Platanthera holopetala Lindl.
  • Platanthera blephariglottis var. holopetala (Lindl.) Torr.
  • Platanthera ciliaris var. blephariglottis (Willd.) Chapm.
  • Habenaria blephariglottis var. holopetala (Lindl.) A.Gray
  • Habenaria ciliaris var. holopetala (Lindl.) Morong
  • Blephariglottis blephariglottis (Hook.) Rydb.
  • Blephariglottis blephariglottis var. holopetala (Lindl.) Rydb.
  • Blephariglottis alba House
  • Habenaria blephariglottis f. holopetala (Lindl.) J.Rousseau & B.Boivin
  • Platanthera blephariglottis f. holopetala (Lindl.) P.M.Br.

Sources: Botanicus,[1] IPNI,[2] ITIS,[3] FNA,[4] MBG[5]

Platanthera is a Greek word that means "flat" and "flower". For this use it means "wide or flat anthered". Blephariglottis is from blepharis which means "eyelash" or "fringed" and glottis for "tongue."[7]

Description

Flowering from late spring until summer, Platanthera blephariglottis is an 8 to 110 centimeters (3 to 43 inches) tall plant that can be found growing in bogs and on the moist banks of lakes and rivers on the eastern side of North America.

Stem and leaves
At least 2 and often several spreading to ascending leaves scattered along the stem. Leaf shapes from linear-lanceolate, ovate-lanceolate and elliptic-lanceolate.[4]
Flowers
Dense to lax spikes of showy white flowers. Lateral sepals bent downward and outward more than 90 degrees. Petals are near entire fringed and the shape is linear and narrows toward the point of attachment.[4]

Distribution

Often found growing in sphagnum and other acidic moss, in open wet areas in black spruce and/or tamarack bogs or on the boggy shores of lakes and in open wet meadows.[8][9][10]

Native
Nearctic
Eastern Canada: Ontario, Quebec
Northeastern United States: Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, New Hampshire, New Jersey, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Vermont
North-Central United States: Illinois, Missouri, Wisconsin
Southeastern United States: Alabama, Delaware, Florida, Georgia, Louisiana, Maryland, North Carolina, South Carolina, Virginia
South-Central United States: Texas

Sources: NRCS,[6] WSH[11]

References
  1. Lindley, John (1835). The Genera and Species of Orchidaceous Plants. Ridgways, Piccadilly. Retrieved 2008-06-03.
  2. "Platanthera blephariglottis". International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. 2008-06-03.
  3. "Platanthera blephariglottis (Willd.) Lindl". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved 3 June 2008.
  4. "25. Platanthera blephariglottis (Willdenow) Lindley". Flora of North America. efloras. 26: Page 552, 564, 567, 568, 569, 571.
  5. "Habenaria blephariglottis (Willd.) Hook". Tropicos. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2008-06-03.
  6. USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "Platanthera blephariglottis". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 2008-06-03.
  7. Robert W. Freckmann Herbarium. "Platanthera blephariglottis". University of Wisconsin, Stevens Point. Retrieved 2008-06-03.
  8. Intermountain Herbarium Server (USU-UTC) (26 Apr 2007). "Fact Sheet Platanthera blephariglottis (Willd.) Lindl". Intermountain Herbarium Server (USU-UTC). Utah State University. Archived from the original on 2008-07-24. Retrieved 2008-06-03.
  9. Goltz, James P. (1996). "Platanthera blephariglottis (Willd.) Lindley". Muskoka Flora. University of Toronto Library. Retrieved 2008-06-03.
  10. Ann F. Rhoads and Timothy A. Block (4 September 2007). "Eastern prairie fringed-orchid ( Platanthera blephariglottis )" (PDF). Morris Arboretum of the University of Pennsylvania. Retrieved 2008-06-03.
  11. Wisconsin State Herbarium. "Taxon - Platanthera blephariglottis (Willd.) Lindl". Wisflora - Vascular Plants. University of Wisconsin, Madison. Archived from the original on September 9, 2006. Retrieved 2008-06-03.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Platanthera blephariglottis.
Drawing of B. blephariglottis from 1913

Media related to Platanthera blephariglottis at Wikimedia Commons

Further reading
  • Niering, W., Olmstead, N., National Audubon Society Guide to North American Wildflowers, Eastern Region,1995, plate 151 and page 655, ISBN 0-394-50432-1
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