Physaloptera

Physaloptera
P. ngoci, male caudal extremity [1]
P. ngoci, scanning electron microscopy
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Nematoda
Class:
Secernentea
Order:
Spirurida
Family:
Physalopteridae
Genus:
Physaloptera
Species

See text.

Systematics

Physaloptera is a genus of parasitic nematodes in the family Physalopteridae. Species include:

  • Physaloptera dilatata[2]
  • Physaloptera dispar[3]
  • Physaloptera hispida[4]
  • Physaloptera losseni[2]
  • Physaloptera maxillaris[5]
  • Physaloptera murisbrasiliensis[4]
  • Physaloptera ngoci [1]
  • Physaloptera preputialis[6]
  • Physaloptera retusa[2]
  • Physaloptera rara[7]

Undescribed or unidentified species have been found on the hispid cotton rat (Sigmodon hispidus) in the southern United States,[4] the marsh rice rat (Oryzomys palustris) in Florida,[8] and Leontopithecus rosalia, Physalaemus soaresi, Cacajao calvus, and Lagothrix lagotricha in Brazil.[2]

Physaloptera spp. as human parasites
Physaloptera spp. eggs found in a grave of the Bronze Age in Iran

Most species utilize insects such as crickets, cockroaches, and beetles as intermediate hosts.[9] Several species of Physaloptera can be parasites of primates and man.[10][11] This rare disease is known as spiruridiasis. Human infection is considered to be ancient; eggs of Physaloptera sp. were found in a grave of the Bronze Age in Iran.[9]

References
  1. {{cite journal|last1=Veciana|first1=Marina|last2=Chaisiri|first2=Kittiponk|last3=Morand|first3=Serge|last4=Miquel|first4=Jordi|last5=Ribas|first5=Alexis|title=New biogeographical and morphological information on Physaloptera ngoci Le-Van-Hoa, 1961 (Nematoda: Physalopteridae) in South-east Asian rodents|journal=Parasite|volume=20|year=2013|pages=23|issn=1776-1042|doi=10.1051/parasite/2013023 |doi-access=free |pmid=23815881|pmc=3718517}}
  2. Muniz-Pereira et al., 2009, p. 11
  3. Santana et al., 2010, p. 106
  4. Kinsella, 1974, p. 9
  5. Dragoo and Sheffield, 2009, p. 5
  6. Mirzayans, 1971
  7. Petri, Leo H. (September 1950). "Life Cycle of Physaloptera rara Hall and Wigdor, 1918 (Nematoda: Spiruroidea) with the Cockroach, Blatella germanica, Serving as the Intermediate Host". Transactions of the Kansas Academy of Science. 53 (3): 331–337. doi:10.2307/3626145. JSTOR 3626145.
  8. Kinsella, 1988, table 1
  9. Makki, Mahsasadat; Dupouy-Camet, Jean; Seyed Sajjadi, Seyed Mansour; Moravec, František; Reza Naddaf, Saied; Mobedi, Iraj; Malekafzali, Hossein; Rezaeian, Mostafa; Mohebali, Mehdi; Kargar, Faranak; Mowlavi, Gholamreza (2017). "Human spiruridiasis due to Physaloptera spp. (Nematoda: Physalopteridae) in a grave of the Shahr-e Sukhteh archeological site of the Bronze Age (2800–2500 BC) in Iran". Parasite. 24: 18. doi:10.1051/parasite/2017019. ISSN 1776-1042. PMC 5467177. PMID 28573969.
  10. Leiper, Robert T. (1907). "Physaloptera mordens: A new intestinal parasite of man". Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. 1: 76–IN1. doi:10.1016/S0035-9203(07)90015-2. ISSN 0035-9203.
  11. Lleras, Andres Soriano; Pan, Chiatung (1955). "Two cases of Physaloptera infection in man from Colombia". The Journal of Parasitology. 41 (6): 635. doi:10.2307/3274147. ISSN 0022-3395. JSTOR 3274147.

Literature cited
  • Dragoo, J.W.; Sheffield, S.R. (2009). "Conepatus leuconotus (Carnivora: Mephitidae)". Mammalian Species. 827: 1–8. doi:10.1644/827.1.
  • Kinsella, J.M. (1974). "Comparison of helminth parasites of the cotton rat, Sigmodon hispidus, from several habitats in Florida". American Museum Novitates (2540): 1–12. hdl:2246/2742.
  • Kinsella, J.M. 1988. Comparison of helminths of rice rats, Oryzomys palustris, from freshwater and saltwater marshes in Florida. Proceedings of the Helminthological Society of Washington 55(2):275–280.
  • Mirzayans, A (1971). "Incidence of gastrointestinal helminths of domestic cats in the Teheran area of Iran". The Journal of Parasitology. 57 (6): 1296. doi:10.2307/3277984. JSTOR 3277984. PMID 5157163.
  • Muniz-Pereira, L.C.; Vieira, F.M.; Luque, J.L. (2009). "Checklist of helminth parasites of threatened vertebrate species from Brazil". Zootaxa. 2123: 1–45. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2123.1.1.
  • Santana, E.M.; Jantz, H.E.; Best, T.L. (2010). "Atelerix albiventris (Erinaceomorpha: Erinaceidae)". Mammalian Species. 42 (857): 99–110. doi:10.1644/857.1.
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