Phosphopantothenate—cysteine ligase

In enzymology, a phosphopantothenate—cysteine ligase also known as phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase (PPCS) is an enzyme (EC 6.3.2.5) that catalyzes the chemical reaction which constitutes the second of five steps involved in the conversion of pantothenate to Coenzyme A. The reaction is:

NTP + (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate + L-cysteine NMP + diphosphate + N-[(R)-4'-phosphopantothenoyl]-L-cysteine
Phosphopantothenate—cysteine ligase
Identifiers
EC no.6.3.2.5
CAS no.9023-50-1
Databases
IntEnzIntEnz view
BRENDABRENDA entry
ExPASyNiceZyme view
KEGGKEGG entry
MetaCycmetabolic pathway
PRIAMprofile
PDB structuresRCSB PDB PDBe PDBsum
Gene OntologyAmiGO / QuickGO
Search
PMCarticles
PubMedarticles
NCBIproteins

The nucleoside triphosphate (NTP) involved in the reaction varies from species to species. Phosphopantothenate—cysteine ligase from the bacterium Escherichia coli uses cytidine triphosphate (CTP) as an energy donor, whilst the human isoform uses adenosine triphosphate (ATP).[1]

Nomenclature

This enzyme belongs to the family of ligases, specifically those forming carbon-nitrogen bonds as acid-D-amino-acid ligases (peptide syntheses). The systematic name of this enzyme class is (R)-4'-phosphopantothenate:L-cysteine ligase. This enzyme is also called phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase.

Gene
PPCS
Available structures
PDBOrtholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
AliasesPPCS, Phosphopantothenate—cysteine ligase, phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase, CMD2C
External IDsOMIM: 609853 MGI: 1915237 HomoloGene: 6173 GeneCards: PPCS
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez

79717

106564

Ensembl

ENSG00000127125

ENSMUSG00000028636

UniProt

Q9HAB8

Q8VDG5

RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_026494
NM_001355214

RefSeq (protein)

NP_080770
NP_001342143

Location (UCSC)Chr 1: 42.46 – 42.47 MbChr 4: 119.28 – 119.28 Mb
PubMed search[4][5]
Wikidata
View/Edit HumanView/Edit Mouse

Phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase in humans is encoded by the PPCS gene.[6]

Protein structure

As of late 2007, 5 structures have been solved for this class of enzymes, with PDB accession codes 1P9O, 1U7U, 1U7W, 1U7Z, and 1U80.

References
  1. Manoj N, Strauss E, Begley TP, Ealick SE (Aug 2003). "Structure of human phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase at 2.3 A resolution". Structure. 11 (8): 927–936. doi:10.1016/S0969-2126(03)00146-1. PMID 12906824.
  2. GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000127125 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000028636 - Ensembl, May 2017
  4. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  6. "Entrez Gene: Phosphopantothenoylcysteine synthetase".

Further reading
  • PDBe-KB provides an overview of all the structure information available in the PDB for Human Phosphopantothenate—cysteine ligase


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