Persian Gulf National Day

The book that proposed the Persian Gulf National Day 2003

The Persian Gulf, in Western Asia, is an extension of the Indian Ocean located between Iran and the Arabian Peninsula.[3] The Tehran Times notes that the term Persian Gulf and its translations have been used since earlier than 400 BC in many languages, and especially in the Arabic language. On almost all the maps printed before 1960 and in most modern international treaties, documents and plans, this water basin is known as the "Persian Gulf". The 10th day of Ordibehesht has been designated as the Persian Gulf National Day to commemorate the historic victory and also serves as a reminder of the real name of the Persian Gulf.[2]

The establishment of National Persian Gulf Day was a response to the movement among pan-Arabists to rename the Persian Gulf the Arabian Gulf. The Arab League officially recognized the name Arabian Gulf in 1964, but most international bodies, including the United Nations and International Hydrographic Organization use the term Persian Gulf. Arab states of the Persian Gulf largely use the term Arabian Gulf.[4] The United States use the term Persian Gulf,[5] though the practice of the United States Fifth Fleet, based in Bahrain, is to use the preferred term of the host nation.[6]

Iran established Persian Gulf National Day in 2005.[7] The day is marked with various ceremonies in Iran, especially in the coastal cities of the Persian Gulf.[8]

The date commemorates the Anglo-Persian capture of Ormuz in 1622 which drove Portuguese colonial forces out of the Strait of Hormuz. The Postal Service of the Islamic Republic of Iran, has issued a series of stamps commemorating "the national day of Persian Gulf".[9]

Names, routes and locations of the Periplus of the Erythraean Sea.

In the Persian–Portuguese war, Safavid Iran and the British East India Company challenged Portugal and The Kingdom of Ormus for supremacy in the Persian Gulf. In 1602, the Safavid army under the command of Imam-Quli Khan expelled the Portuguese from Bahrain.[2][10] In 1612, the Portuguese Empire took the city of Gamrūn and transliterated the name to Comorão. Almost two years later (in 1615), Comorão was taken by 'Abbās the Great after a naval battle with the Portuguese and renamed Bandar-e' Abbās, or "Port of 'Abbās".[2]

In 1622, with the help of four English ships, Shah Abbas and Persians took Hormuz from the Portuguese in the Capture of Ormuz (1622).[11]

In 2010, traditional naval documentation of the Persian Gulf was registered on Iran's National Heritage List. The decision was made by the Ministry of Cultural Heritage, Tourism and Handicraft Organization and presided over by former vice President Esfandiar Rahim Mashaei, to register the day as a day of national heritage. The campaign launched by individual Arab states to rename the Persian Gulf which drove this decision.[12][13] The Iranian postal authority has issued a series of stamps commemorating the day.[14] In October 2018, the WIPO, the intellectual property agency of the UN, certified Persian Gulf Pearl based on the Lisbon Agreement. According to the agreement, based on international law, no country, government, or organization can use another name to refer to the Persian Gulf Pearl brand.

• Territorial disputes in the Persian Gulf
• Names of Iran
• Early world maps
• History of cartography

• Interview with the proposer of the Persian Gulf National Day
• Documents on the Persian Gulf's name
• Documents on the Persian Gulf's name
• more Maps and documents from the book:
• 32 historical map of Persian gulf, from the Documents on the Persian Gulf's name.
• france24:Al-Janabi"it has been called the Persian Gulf since Alexander the Great"

• DEC. 2, 2004 Los AngelesTIMES: Iran's Anger Over a New Map Magnifies a Perception Gulf