Oreocereus hempelianus

Oreocereus hempelianus is a species of cactus native to Peru and Chile.

Oreocereus hempelianus
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Order: Caryophyllales
Family: Cactaceae
Subfamily: Cactoideae
Genus: Oreocereus
Species:
O. hempelianus
Binomial name
Oreocereus hempelianus
(Gürke) D.R.Hunt
Synonyms
List
    • Arequipa hempeliana]] (Gürke) Oehme 1940
    • Arequipiopsis hempeliana]] (Gürke) Kreuz. & Buining 1941
    • Borzicactus hempelianus]] (Gürke) Donald 1970
    • Echinopsis hempeliana]] Gürke 1906
    • Arequipa australis]] F.Ritter 1980
    • Arequipa erectocylindrica]] Rauh & Backeb. 1956 publ. 1957
    • Arequipa rettigii]] (Quehl) Oehme 1940
    • Arequipa rettigii var. borealis]] F.Ritter 1981
    • Arequipa rettigii var. erectocylindrica]] (Rauh & Backeb.) Krainz 1967
    • Arequipa soehrensii]] Backeb. 1959
    • Arequipa spinosissima]] F.Ritter 1964
    • Arequipa weingartiana]] Backeb. 1936
    • Arequipa weingartiana var. carminanthema]] Backeb. 1936
    • Arequipiopsis rettigii]] (Quehl) Kreuz. & Buining 1941
    • Arequipiopsis soehrensii]] Kreuz. in Repert. 1941
    • Arequipiopsis weingartiana]] (Backeb.) Kreuz. & Buining 1941
    • Borzicactus hempelianus var. rettigii]] (Quehl) Donald 1970
    • Borzicactus hempelianus var. spinosissimus]] (F.Ritter) Donald 1970
    • Borzicactus hempelianus var. weingartianus]] (Backeb.) Donald 1970
    • Echinocactus rettigii]] Quehl 1919
    • Oreocereus australis]] (F.Ritter) A.E.Hoffm. 1989
    • Oreocereus rettigii]] (Quehl) Buxb. 1973

Description

Oreocereus hempelianus grows with spherical to elongated gray-green shoots that branch from the base and reaches heights of 30 to 40 centimeters. There are 12 to 24 wide and flat ribs. The initially yellow to reddish thorns later become cloudy gray. The one to six central spines are flexible and 2 to 5 centimeters long. The 10 to 15 marginal spines are flexible, spreading and 1 to 3 centimeters long.

The crooked-edged red flowers appear at the tips of the shoots. They are 6 to 7 centimeters long. The barrel-shaped fruits reach a length of 1.5 to 2.5 centimeters.[2]

Distribution

Oreocereus hempelianus is common in Arequipa, Peru, and Tarapacá, Chile at altitudes of 2,500 to 3,500 meters.

Taxonomy

The first description as Echinopsis hempeliana was made in 1906 by Max Gürke.[3] The specific epithet hempelianus honors the German cactus lover and businessman Georg Hempel.[1] Foreign language common names are “Achacaño” and “Arequipa”. David Richard Hunt placed them in the genus Oreocereus in 1987.[4] Nomenclature synonyms are Arequipa hempeliana (Gürke) Oehme (1940), Arequipiopsis hempeliana (Gürke) cross. & Buining (1941) and Borzicactus hempelianus (Gürke) Donald (1970).

References
  1. Chile), Universidad de; Assessment), Helmut Walter (Global Cactus; Assessment), Luis Faundez (Global Cactus (2011-05-05). "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 2023-10-03.
  2. Anderson, Edward F.; Eggli, Urs (2005). Das grosse Kakteen-Lexikon (in German). Stuttgart (Hohenheim): Ulmer. p. 483. ISBN 3-8001-4573-1.
  3. "Monatsschrift für Kakteenkunde". J. Neumann. 1906. Retrieved 2023-10-03.
  4. Hunt, David; Taylor, Nigel (1987). "New and unfamiliar names of Cactaceae to be used in the European Garden Flora". Bradleya. British Cactus and Succulent Society. 5 (5): 91–94. doi:10.25223/brad.n5.1987.a5. ISSN 0265-086X.
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