Opisthostoma vermiculum

Opisthostoma vermiculum is a species of minute land snail with an operculum, a terrestrial gastropod mollusk or micromollusk in the family Diplommatinidae. The shell possesses four different coiling axes; the most for any known living gastropod. This member of the Diplommatinidae family is endemic to Malaysia. Its natural habitat is tropical limestone outcrops.[1][2]

Opisthostoma vermiculum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Animalia
Phylum:
Mollusca
Class:
Gastropoda
(unranked):
clade Caenogastropoda
informal group Architaenioglossa
Superfamily:
Cyclophoroidea
Family:
Diplommatinidae
Genus:
Opisthostoma
Species:
O. vermiculum
Binomial name
Opisthostoma vermiculum
Clements & Vermeulen, 2008[1]

Shell description

When the species was discovered, thirty-eight specimens were collected: the shell shapes showed low variation. The snail shell is 1.5 millimetres (0.059 in) high and .9 millimetres (0.035 in) wide.

This is the first snail reported that has a shell which shows four discernible coiling axes. The body whorls of the shell thrice detach and twice reattach to preceding whorls without any support. The detached whorls coil around three secondary axes in addition to their primary teleoconch axis. All specimens showed these features in a homogeneous way.

Opisthostoma vermiculum was selected as one of "The Top 10 New Species" described in 2008 by The International Institute for Species Exploration at Arizona State University and an international committee of taxonomists.[3]

Conservation

These snails are found only on limestone karsts. There is significant quarring activities in the area, and this makes the species particularly vulnerable to extinction.

Etymology

The specific epithet, vermiculum, is derived from Latin, "meaning "wormy".[2]

References
  1. Clements R., Thor-Seng Liew T.-S., Vermeulen J. J. & Schilthuizen M. (23 April 2008) "Further twists in gastropod shell evolution". Biology Letters 4(2): 179–182. doi:10.1098/rsbl.2007.0602 PDF
  2. "Top 10 - 2009 | International Institute for Species Exploration". Archived from the original on 19 February 2014. Retrieved 27 May 2009.
  3. "Scientists announce top 10 new species | ASU News". Archived from the original on 28 May 2009. Retrieved 17 February 2016.


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