Ogasawara Nagahide

Ogasawara Nagahide (小笠原長秀, September 18, 1366 - March 15, 1424) was a Japanese nobleman and military commander during the Muromachi period (1336 – 1573).[1]

In this Japanese name, the surname is Ogasawara.
Ogasawara Nagahide
小笠原長秀
Shugo of Shinano
In office
1399–1400
Preceded byShiba Yoshitane
Succeeded bynone
Personal details
Born18 September 1366
Died15 March 1424(1424-03-15) (aged 57)
Kyoto
NationalityJapanese
RelationsFather: Ogasawara Nagamoto
Younger brother: Ogasawara Masayasu

Sangi ittō ōsōji

Nagahide, a scion of the Ogasawara clan, was responsible for codifying the teachings of the Ogasawara-ryū into an anthology titled Sangi ittō ōsōji (三議一統大双紙), " The Three Unified Teachings ". In this work, commissioned by the shōgun Ashikaga Yoshimitsu, he collated his family's practices of horsemanship, archery and etiquette, basing his knowledge on the teachings of his great-grandfather, Ogasawara Sadamune (1294 – 1350).[2][3][4] Apart from his role in the compilation of the Sangi ittō ōsōji, Ogasawara was himself an expert at both bajutsu horsemanship and archery.[1]

Battle of Ōtō

Ogasawara, the second son of Ogasawara Nagamoto (1347 – 1407),[1] was appointed shugo (provincial governor) of Shinano Province in 1399 at the age of 33.[5][6] He entered Shinano in October 1400 and attempted to assume the role of shugo.[5] He was, however, thwarted in the Battle of Ōtō, also called the Insurrection of Shinano, by a combined force of resident ji-samurai led by the Murakami family.[7] The battle was first fought at Shinomiyakawara in present-day Nagano City, but after a loss there Nagahide fled with the remnants of his force of less than 800 horsemen to Shiozaki Castle. Nagahide soon lost Shiozaki Castle and fled to Ōtō Castle, where he suffered a final crushing defeat on October 17, 1400.

Retreat to Kyoto and death

Ōi Mitsunori of the Ōi clan negotiated Nagahide's release from Ōtō Castle, and a despondent Nagahide returned to Kyoto.[8][9] Ogasawara was dismissed as the shugo governor of Shinano Province, and the control of Shinano Province reverted to local warlords.[7] Nagahide died in 1424 in Kyoto at the age of 59.[5] After his death Nagahide's younger brother Ogasawara Masayasu (1376 – 1442) was appointed shugo of Shinano in 1432 and restored the Ogasawara clan's military power in the region.[7][10]

References
The emblem (mon) of the Ogasawara clan
  1. "小笠原長秀" [Ogasawara Nagahide]. Nihon Kokugo Daijiten (in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. OCLC 56431036. Archived from the original on August 25, 2007. Retrieved 2012-07-07.
  2. Jeffrey P. Mass (1 September 2002). The Origins of Japan's Medieval World: Courtiers, Clerics, Warriors, and Peasants in the Fourteenth Century. Stanford University Press. pp. 231–. ISBN 978-0-8047-4379-2. Retrieved 4 July 2012.
  3. Dave Lowry (26 September 2006). In the Dojo: The Rituals and Etiquette of the Japanese Martial Arts. Shambhala Publications. pp. 118–. ISBN 978-0-8348-0572-9. Retrieved 4 July 2012.
  4. Good Company. 1880. p. 51. Retrieved 4 July 2012.
  5. "小笠原長秀" [Ogasawara Nagahide]. Nihon Jinmei Daijiten (日本人名大辞典) (in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. Archived from the original on August 25, 2007. Retrieved 2012-07-08.
  6. "小笠原長秀" [Ogasawara Nagahide]. Dijitaru Daijisen (in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. OCLC 56431036. Archived from the original on August 25, 2007. Retrieved 2012-07-07.
  7. "信濃国一揆" [Insurrection of Shinano]. Kokushi Daijiten (in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. OCLC 683276033. Archived from the original on August 25, 2007. Retrieved 2012-07-07.
  8. Kōzō Yamamura (27 April 1990). The Cambridge History of Japan: Medieval Japan. Cambridge University Press. pp. 255–. ISBN 978-0-521-22354-6. Retrieved 4 July 2012.
  9. Stephen Turnbull (23 August 2011). The Samurai and the Sacred: The Path of the Warrior. Osprey Publishing. pp. 216–. ISBN 978-1-84908-994-4. Retrieved 4 July 2012.
  10. "小笠原政康" [Ogasawara Masayasu]. Nihon Jinmei Daijiten (日本人名大辞典) (in Japanese). Tokyo: Shogakukan. 2012. Archived from the original on August 25, 2007. Retrieved 2012-07-02.


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