Yusef of Morocco

Moulay Yusef ben Hassan (Arabic: مولاي يوسف بن الحسن), born in Meknes on 1882 and died in Fes in 1927, was the 'Alawi sultan of Morocco from 1912 to 1927. He was the son of Hassan I of Morocco, who was the son of Muhammad IV of Morocco.

"Moulay Youssef" redirects here. For the prince born in c. 1970, see Moulay Youssef Alaoui.

  • Yusef ben Hassan
  • يوسف بن الحسن
Sultan of Morocco
Sultan of Morocco
Reign1912–1927
PredecessorAbd al-Hafid of Morocco
SuccessorMohammed V of Morocco
Born1882
Meknes, Morocco
DiedNovember 17, 1927(1927-11-17) (aged 44–45)
Fes, Morocco
Burial
Mawlay Abdallah Mosque, Fes, Morocco
Spouse
Issueamong 6 children:[1]
House'Alawi dynasty
FatherHassan I of Morocco
Mother
  • Lalla Um al-Khair
  • or
  • Lalla Ruqiya al-Amrani
ReligionSunni Islam

Life
Main article: 'Alawi dynasty
Yusef in 1920
Silver coin: 5 Dirhams Yusuf - 1918

Moulay Yusef was born in the city of Meknes to Sultan Hassan I. The identity of his mother is conflicted, some sources state that Lalla Um al-Khair, whose last name is not recorded, is his mother,[5] since she is the mother of his twin brother, Moulay Mohammed al-Tahar.[5][6] Other sources state Lalla Ruqiya al-Amrani as his mother; her son was Sultan Abd al-Hafid.[7][8] She often is confused with be Ayesha[9] the Circassian[10] or Georgian[9][11] slave bought in Syria by the vizier Sidi Gharnat and brought to his father's harem circa 1876.[9][12]: 53 

Moulay Yusef was the youngest of Sultan Hassan I's sons. He inherited the throne from Sultan Abd al-Hafid, who abdicated after the Treaty of Fez (1912), which made Morocco a French protectorate.

Moulay Yusef's reign was turbulent and marked with frequent uprisings against Spain and France, of which two were serious: the Rif War and the Sahrawi rebellion. The Rif War was a Berber uprising led by Abd el-Krim in the Rif in the Spanish colony in the north; el-Krim managed to establish the Republic of the Rif. The second was an uprising of the Hasani-Sanhaja Sahrawis in the French colony in the south, which was led by Ahmed al-Hiba, the son of Ma al-'Aynayn.

The Rif War eventually reached the French colonial region, prompting the creation of a Franco-Spanish military coalition that finally defeated the rebels in 1925. To ensure his own safety, Yusef moved the court from Fez to Rabat, which has served as the capital of the country ever since.

Yusef's reign came to an abrupt end when he died suddenly of uremia in 1927. He was succeeded by his son, Mohammed V, and was buried in the royal necropolis of the Moulay Abdallah Mosque.[13]

Honours

See also

References
  1. "Yousuf Al Hassan". geni_family_tree. Retrieved October 21, 2022.
  2. "Idris Al Hassan". geni_family_tree. Retrieved October 21, 2022.
  3. "Mohammed Al Hassan". geni family tree. Retrieved October 21, 2022.
  4. "Zainab Al Hassan". geni family tree. Retrieved October 21, 2022.
  5. "Um Khair". geni_family_tree. Retrieved October 26, 2022.
  6. ibn zaydan. durafakhira (in Arabic). p. 139.
  7. Ganān, Jamāl (1975). Les relations franco-allemandes et les affaires marocaines de 1901 à 1911 (in French). SNED. p. 14.
  8. Lahnite, Abraham (2011). La politique berbère du protectorat français au Maroc, 1912-1956: Les conditions d'établissement du Traité de Fez (in French). Harmattan. p. 44. ISBN 978-2-296-54980-7. … to successive expeditions of Moulay Abdel Aziz, under various commands of his own brother, Moulay Abdelkébir, of his maternal uncle, Chérif Moulay Abdelslem Al Amrani or under his own Minister of War
  9. Bonsal, Stephen (1893). Morocco as it is: With an Account of Sir Charles Euan Smith's Recent Mission to Fez. Harper. p. 59.
  10. Weisgerber, F. (2004). Au seuil du Maroc moderne (in French). Editions La Porte. p. 49. ISBN 978-9981-889-48-4.
  11. "Fight Expected At Fez" (PDF). The New York Times: 1. January 2, 1903.
  12. Alaoui, Abdelhadi (2007). "2: Le général Lyautey." — Section: "Moulay Youssef". Le Maroc et la France, 1912-1956: Textes et documents à l'appui (in French). Rabat: Editions Fanigraph. pp. 51–74. ISBN 978-9954-0-3859-8.
  13. Bressolette, Henri (2016). A la découverte de Fès. L'Harmattan. ISBN 978-2343090221.
  14. www.leighrayment.com[Usurped!]
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