Mischocyttarus
Mischocyttarus is a very large, primarily Neotropical genus of social wasps with a few species found also in the Nearctic region. It is the only member of the tribe Mischocyttarini;[1] the asymmetrical tarsal lobes of Mischocyttarus separates it from the tribe Epiponini. Mischocyttarus is the largest genus of social wasps, containing over 200 species and subspecies.[1] Mischocyttarus wasps build a relatively simple, single comb nest. Sometimes, the nest is built within a meter of the nest of Polistes carnifex.[2] Foraging adults bring nectar and small caterpillars back to the nest to feed to the developing larvae which are individually housed in separate cells in the nest.[3] Not all nests have a female with developed ovaries.[2] Their biology is similar to that of species in the genus Polistes. However, Mischocyttarus appear to show considerably more social and reproductive flexibility than Polistes.

| Mischocyttarus | |
|---|---|
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| Western paper wasp (Mischocyttarus flavitarsis) building a nest | |
| Scientific classification  | |
| Domain: | Eukaryota | 
| Kingdom: | Animalia | 
| Phylum: | Arthropoda | 
| Class: | Insecta | 
| Order: | Hymenoptera | 
| Family: | Vespidae | 
| Subfamily: | Polistinae | 
| Genus: | Mischocyttarus Saussure, 1853  | 
| Species | |
| 
 >200 species  | |
Species[1]
    
- Mischocyttarus achagua Silveira, 2013
 - Mischocyttarus acreanus Silveira, 2006
 - Mischocyttarus acunai Alayo 1972
 - Mischocyttarus adjectus Zikan, 1935
 - Mischocyttarus adolphi Zikan, 1949
 - Mischocyttarus alboniger Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus alfkenii (Ducke, 1904)
 - Mischocyttarus alienus Richards 1978
 - Mischocyttarus alternatus Zikan, 1949
 - Mischocyttarus anchicaya Silveira, 2015
 - Mischocyttarus angulatus Richards 1945
 - Mischocyttarus annulatus Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus anthracinus Richards, 1945
 - Mischocyttarus arawak Silveira, 2013
 - Mischocyttarus aripuanaensis Silveira, 1998
 - Mischocyttarus artifex (Ducke, 1914)
 - Mischocyttarus awa Silveira, 2013
 - Mischocyttarus baconi Starr, 2011
 - Mischocyttarus bahiae Richards, 1945
 - Mischocyttarus bahiaensis Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus barbatulus Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus barbatus Richards 1945
 - Mischocyttarus basimacula (Cameron, 1906)
 - Mischocyttarus belemensis Cooper, 1997
 - Mischocyttarus bequaertii Richards, 1945
 - Mischocyttarus bertonii Ducke, 1918
 - Mischocyttarus brackmanni Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus bruneri Bequard & Salt, 1931
 - Mischocyttarus buyssoni (Ducke, 1906)
 - Mischocyttarus cabauna Zikan, 1949
 - Mischocyttarus caixuana Silveira, 2015
 - Mischocyttarus campestris Raw, 1987
 - Mischocyttarus capichaba Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus carbonarius (Saussure, 1854)
 - Mischocyttarus carinulatus Zikan, 1949
 - Mischocyttarus cassununga (Ihering, 1903)
 - Mischocyttarus catharinaensis Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus cearensis Richards, 1945
 - Mischocyttarus cerberus Ducke 1918
 - Mischocyttarus chalucas Snelling, 1983
 - Mischocyttarus chanchamayoensis Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus chapadae (Fox 1898)
 - Mischocyttarus chloroecus Cooper, 1998
 - Mischocyttarus cinerasceus Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus claretianus Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus clavicornis Cooper, 1997
 - Mischocyttarus cleomenes Richards, 1945
 - Mischocyttarus clypeatus Zikan 1935
 - Mischocyttarus collarellus Richards, 1940
 - Mischocyttarus collaris (Ducke, 1904)
 - Mischocyttarus commixtus Richards 1945
 - Mischocyttarus confirmatus Zikan 1935
 - Mischocyttarus confusoides Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus confusus Zikan 1935
 - Mischocyttarus consimilis Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus cooperi Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus costaricensis Richards 1945
 - Mischocyttarus crypticus Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus cryptobius Zikán 1935
 - Mischocyttarus cubensis (Saussure, 1854)
 - Mischocyttarus curitybanus Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus deceptus (Fox, 1895)
 - Mischocyttarus decimus Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus declaratus Zikan 1935
 - Mischocyttarus dimorphus Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus drewseni (Saussure, 1854)
 - Mischocyttarus duckei Buysson, 1909
 - Mischocyttarus duidensis Richards 1945
 - Mischocyttarus ecuadorensis Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus efferus Silveira, 2006
 - Mischocyttarus elegantulus Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus embera Silveira, 2013
 - Mischocyttarus extinctus Zikan 1935
 - Mischocyttarus fidus Silveira, 2006
 - Mischocyttarus filiformis (Saussure, 1854)
 - Mischocyttarus filipendulus Cooper, 1998
 - Mischocyttarus fisheri Snelling 1970
 - Mischocyttarus fitzgeraldi Bequard, 1938
 - Mischocyttarus flavicans (Fabricius, 1804)
 - Mischocyttarus flavicornis Zikan 1935
 - Mischocyttarus flavitarsis (Saussure 1854)
 - Mischocyttarus flavoniger Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus flavoscutellatus Zikan 1935
 - Mischocyttarus foveatus Richards, 1940
 - Mischocyttarus fraudulentus Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus frontalis (Fox, 1898)
 - Mischocyttarus funerulus Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus garbei Zikan 1935
 - Mischocyttarus giffordi Raw, 1987
 - Mischocyttarus gomesi Silveira, 2013
 - Mischocyttarus gynandromorphus Richards, 1945
 - Mischocyttarus haywardi Willink 1953
 - Mischocyttarus heliconius Richards, 1941
 - Mischocyttarus hirsutus Richards 1945
 - Mischocyttarus hirtulus Zikan, 1949
 - Mischocyttarus hoffmanni Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus ignotus Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus iheringi Zikan 1935
 - Mischocyttarus illusorius Richards 1978
 - Mischocyttarus imeldai Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus imitator (Ducke, 1904)
 - Mischocyttarus inca Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus inexspectatus Cooper, 1997
 - Mischocyttarus injucundus (Saussure, 1854)
 - Mischocyttarus insolitus Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus interjectus Zikan 1935
 - Mischocyttarus interruptus Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus juditae Cooper, 1997
 - Mischocyttarus labiatus (Fabricius, 1804)
 - Mischocyttarus lanei Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus latior (Fox, 1898)
 - Mischocyttarus latissimus Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus laurae Silveira, 2006
 - Mischocyttarus lecointei (Ducke, 1904)
 - Mischocyttarus lemoulti (Buysson, 1909)
 - Mischocyttarus leucoecus Cooper, 1998
 - Mischocyttarus lilae Willink 1953
 - Mischocyttarus lindigi Richards 1945
 - Mischocyttarus longicornis Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus lules Willink 1953
 - Mischocyttarus macarenae Cooper, 1998
 - Mischocyttarus maculipennis Cooper, 1998
 - Mischocyttarus magdalensis Silveira, 2006
 - Mischocyttarus malaris Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus maracaensis Raw, 1989
 - Mischocyttarus marginatus (Fox 1898)
 - Mischocyttarus mastigophorus Richards 1978
 - Mischocyttarus mattogrossoensis Zikan, 1935
 - Mischocyttarus melanarius (Cameron, 1906)
 - Mischocyttarus melanoleucus Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus melanops Cooper, 1996
 - Mischocyttarus melanopygus Richards, 1945
 - Mischocyttarus melanoxanthus Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus mendax Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus metathoracicus (Saussure, 1854)
 - Mischocyttarus metoecus Richards, 1940
 - Mischocyttarus mexicanus (Saussure, 1854)
 - Mischocyttarus mimicus Zikan 1935
 - Mischocyttarus minifoveatus Cooper, 1998
 - Mischocyttarus mirificus Zikan 1935
 - Mischocyttarus mirus Silveira, 2006
 - Mischocyttarus mixtus Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus mocsaryi (Ducke, 1909)
 - Mischocyttarus montei Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus montivagus Cooper, 1996
 - Mischocyttarus moralesi Zikan, 1949
 - Mischocyttarus moronae Cooper, 1996
 - Mischocyttarus mourei Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus muisca Silveira, 2013
 - Mischocyttarus mysticus Silveira, 2006
 - Mischocyttarus napoensis Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus narinensis Cooper, 1998
 - Mischocyttarus naumanni Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus navajo Bequard, 1933
 - Mischocyttarus nigroclavatus Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus nigropygialis Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus nomurae Richards 1978
 - Mischocyttarus occiduus Silveira, 2006
 - Mischocyttarus occultus Cooper, 1996
 - Mischocyttarus oecothrix Richards 1940
 - Mischocyttarus omicron Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus onorei Cooper, 1996
 - Mischocyttarus oreophilus Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus ornatus Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus pallidipectus (Smith 1857)
 - Mischocyttarus pallidipes Richards, 1945
 - Mischocyttarus pallidus Zikán 1949
 - Mischocyttarus paraguayensis Zikan 1935
 - Mischocyttarus parallelogrammus Zikan 1935
 - Mischocyttarus paris Silveira, 2006
 - Mischocyttarus paulistanus Zikan 1935
 - Mischocyttarus peduncularius Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus pelor Carpenter 1988
 - Mischocyttarus pertinax Silveira, 2006
 - Mischocyttarus peruanus Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus peruviensis Richards 1945
 - Mischocyttarus petiolatus Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus phthisicus (Fabricius 1793)
 - Mischocyttarus piceus Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus picturatus Bequaert, 1938
 - Mischocyttarus piger Richards, 1945
 - Mischocyttarus plaumanni Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus polymorphus Cooper, 1998
 - Mischocyttarus porantin Silveira, 2006
 - Mischocyttarus prominulus Richards 1941
 - Mischocyttarus proximus Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus pseudomimeticus (Schulz, 1903)
 - Mischocyttarus punctatus (Ducke, 1904)
 - Mischocyttarus reclusus Cooper, 1996
 - Mischocyttarus reflexicollis Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus rhadinomerus Cooper, 1997
 - Mischocyttarus richardsi Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus rodriguesi Silveira, 2015
 - Mischocyttarus rotundicollis (Cameron, 1912)
 - Mischocyttarus rufescens Zikan, 1949
 - Mischocyttarus rufidens (Saussure, 1854)
 - Mischocyttarus rufipes Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus rufomaculatus Richards 1945
 - Mischocyttarus ryani Silveira, 2015
 - Mischocyttarus santacruzi Raw, 2000
 - Mischocyttarus saturatus Zikan, 1949
 - Mischocyttarus saussurei Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus schadei Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus schunkei Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus sericeus Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus silvicola Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus smithii (Saussure, 1854)
 - Mischocyttarus socialis (Saussure, 1854)
 - Mischocyttarus souzalopesi Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus sprucei Cooper, 1997
 - Mischocyttarus stenoecus Richards 1978
 - Mischocyttarus subornatus Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus superus Richards, 1940
 - Mischocyttarus surinamensis (Saussure, 1854)
 - Mischocyttarus suzannae Silveira, 2013
 - Mischocyttarus sylvestris Richards 1945
 - Mischocyttarus synoecus Richards 1940
 - Mischocyttarus tapuya (Schulz, 1905)
 - Mischocyttarus tarmensis Richards 1945
 - Mischocyttarus tayacaja Silveira, 2013
 - Mischocyttarus tayrona Silveira, 2015
 - Mischocyttarus tectus Cooper, 1996
 - Mischocyttarus telembi Cooper, 1997
 - Mischocyttarus tenuis Richards 1945
 - Mischocyttarus tertius Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus thrypticus Richards 1945
 - Mischocyttarus timbira Silveira, 2006
 - Mischocyttarus tolensis Richards 1941
 - Mischocyttarus tomentosus Zikan, 1935
 - Mischocyttarus transandinus Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus travassosi Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus tricolor Richards 1945
 - Mischocyttarus tunari Cooper, 1996
 - Mischocyttarus undulatus (Ducke, 1905)
 - Mischocyttarus uniformis Silveira, 2013
 - Mischocyttarus vaqueroi Zikan, 1949
 - Mischocyttarus veracrucis Cooper, 1997
 - Mischocyttarus verissimoi Silveira, 2015
 - Mischocyttarus villarricanus Zikan 1935
 - Mischocyttarus vredeni Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus wagneri (Buysson, 1908)
 - Mischocyttarus waunan Silveira, 2013
 - Mischocyttarus weyrauchi Zikan 1949
 - Mischocyttarus woytkowskyi Richards, 1978
 - Mischocyttarus wygodzinskyi Zikan, 1949
 - Mischocyttarus xanthocerus Richards 1945
 - Mischocyttarus xavante Silveira, 2010
 - Mischocyttarus ypiranguensis Fonseca, 1926
 - Mischocyttarus zikaninus Richards, 1978
 
References
    
- Checklist of the Polistine Tribe Mischocyttarini
 - Corn, Mary L. (1972). "Notes on the Biology of Polistes carnifex (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in Costa Rica and Colombia". Psyche: A Journal of Entomology. 79 (3): 150–157. doi:10.1155/1972/78756.
 - Reeve, Hudson K. (1991). "Polistes". In Kenneth G. Ross & Robert W. Mathew (ed.). The Social Biology of Wasps. Cornell University Press. pp. 99–148. ISBN 978-0-8014-9906-7.
 
