Microascaceae

The Microascaceae are a family of fungi in the class Sordariomycetes, subclass Hypocreomycetidae.[1] The family was published by David Malloch in 1970, an emended description based on Everet Stanley Luttrell's original 1951 publication.[2] Family was updated in 2020.[3]

Microascaceae
Scopulariopsis brevicaulis
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Fungi
Division:
Ascomycota
Class:
Sordariomycetes
Order:
Microascales
Family:
Microascaceae

Luttr. ex Malloch (1970)
Type genus
Microascus
Zukal (1886)

History

It was introduced by Luttrell (1951) to accommodate genus Microascus which was originally placed in family Ophiostomataceae (Nannfeldt 1932,[4]) or Eurotiaceae in Eunotiales order, (Moreau and Moreau 1953;[5] Emmons and Dodge 1931;[6] Doguet 1957).[7] Then Malloch (1970) validated the family and accepted genera, Kernia, Lophotrichus and Petriellidium in the family.[2] Sandoval-Denis et al. (2016a,[8] b,[9]) revised Microascaceae and proposed several new taxa and combinations under Microascaceae based on multi-locus phylogenetic analysis. The last treatment of Microascaceae was provided by Hyde et al. (2020),[10] and 23 genera were accepted. Species in this family have a worldwide distribution and most species are saprobes in soil, dung or on decaying plant materials (Seifert et al. 2011;[11] de Beer et al. 2013;[12] Sandoval-Denis et al. 2016 a,[8] b;[9] Hyde et al. 2020a),[10] while a few species are opportunistic pathogens of humans (de Hoog et al. 2011;[13] Sandoval-Denis et al. 2013,[14] 2016;[8] Lackner et al. 2014).[15]

Description

Microascaceae species have spherical to irregularly shaped, darkly colored fruit bodies. They are usually hairy and rarely smooth. The smooth spores are reddish brown to copper colored, one-celled, and have a germ pore at one or both ends. Asci can occur singly or in chains.[2]

Genera

As accepted by Wijayawardene et al. 2020 (with number of species);[3]

  • Acaulium Sopp (4)
  • Brachyconidiellopsis Decock, R.F. Castañeda & Adhikari (1)
  • Canariomyces Arx (3)
  • Cephalotrichum Link (37) - anamorph
  • Doratomyces Corda (3)
  • Echinobotryum Corda (2)
  • Enterocarpus Locq.-Lin. (2)
  • Fairmania Sacc. (1)
  • Gamsia M. Morelet (5)
  • Kernia Nieuwl. (14)
  • Lomentospora Hennebert & B.G. Desai (1)
  • Lophotrichus R.K. Benj. (8)
  • Microascus Zukal (60)
  • Parascedosporium Gilgado, Gené, Cano & Guarro (2)
  • Petriella Curzi (8)
  • Pseudallescheria Negroni & I. Fisch. (8)
  • Pseudoscopulariopsis Sand.-Den., Gené & Guarro (2)
  • Rhinocladium Sacc. & Marchal (11)
  • Scedosporium Sacc. ex Castell. & Chalm. (12)
  • Scopulariopsis Bainier (87) - anamorph
  • Wardomyces F.T. Brooks & Hansf. (11)
  • Wardomycopsis Udagawa & Furuya (5)
  • Yunnania H.Z. Kong (3)

References
  1. Lumbsch TH, Huhndorf SM. (December 2007). "Outline of Ascomycota – 2007". Myconet. Chicago, USA: The Field Museum, Department of Botany. 13: 1–58. Archived from the original on 2009-03-18.
  2. Malloch D. (1970). "New concepts in the Microascaceae illustrated by two species". Mycologia. 62 (4): 727–40 (see p. 734). doi:10.2307/3757662. JSTOR 3757662.
  3. Wijayawardene, Nalin; Hyde, Kevin; Al-Ani, Laith Khalil Tawfeeq; Somayeh, Dolatabadi; Stadler, Marc; Haelewaters, Danny; et al. (2020). "Outline of Fungi and fungus-like taxa". Mycosphere. 11: 1060–1456. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/8.
  4. Nannfeldt, J.A. (1932). "Studien über die Morphologie und Systematik der nichtlichenisierten inoperculaten Discomyceten". Nova Acta Regiae Soc. Sci. Upsal. Ser. IV. 8: 1–368.
  5. Moreau, F.; Moreau, M. (1953). "Etude du développement de quelques Aspergillacées". Rev. Mycot. 18: 165–180.
  6. Emmona, C.W.; Dodge, B.O. (1931). "The ascosporic stage of species of Scopulariopsis". Mycologia. 23: 313–331.
  7. Doguet, G. (1957). "Organogenie du Microascus stysanophorus (Matt.) Curzi". Bull. Soc. Mycol. France. 73: 165–178.
  8. Sandoval-Denis, M.; Gené, J.; Sutton, D.A.; Cano-Lira, J.F.; de Hoog, G.S.; Decock, C.A.; Wiederhold, N.P.; Guarro, J. (2016a). "Redefining Microascus, Scopulariopsis and allied genera". Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi. 36: 1–36.
  9. Sandoval-Denis, M.; Gené, J.; Sutton, D.A.; Wiederhold, N.P.; Cano-Lira, J.F.; Guarro, J. (2016b). "New species of Cladosporium associated with human and animal infections". Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi. 36: 281.
  10. Hyde, Kevin D.; Norphanphoun, C.; Maharachchikumbura, S.S.N.; Bhat, D.J.; Jones, E.B.G.; Bundhun, D.; Chen, Y.J.; Bao, D.F.; Boonmee, S.; Calabon, M.S.; Chaiwan, N.; Chethana, K.W.T.; Dai, D.Q.; Dayarathne, M.C.; Devadatha, B.; Dissanayake, A.J.; Dissanayake, L.S.; Doilom, M.; Dong, W.; Fan, X.L.; Goonasekara, I.D.; Hongsanan, S.; Huang, S.K.; Jayawardena, R.S.; Jeewon, R.; Karunarathna, A.; Konta, S.; Kumar, V.; Lin, C.G.; Liu, J.K.; Liu, N.G.; Luangsa-ard, J.; Lumyong, S.; Luo, Z.L.; Marasinghe, D.S.; McKenzie, E.H.C.; Niego, A.G.T.; Niranjan, M.; Perera, R.H.; Phukhamsakda, C.; Rathnayaka, A.R.; Samarakoon, M.C.; Samarakoon, S.M.B.C.; Sarma, V.V.; Senanayake, I.C.; Shang, Q.J.; Stadler, M.; Tibpromma, S.; Wanasinghe, D.N.; Wei, D.P.; Wijayawardene, N.N.; Xiao, Y.P.; Yang, J.; Zeng, X.Y.; Zhang, S.N.; Xiang, M.M. (2020). "Refined families of Sordariomycetes". Mycosphere. 11: 305–1059. doi:10.5943/mycosphere/11/1/7. hdl:10033/622756. S2CID 219808477.
  11. Seifert, K.A.; Gams, W. (2011). "The genera of Hyphomycetes – 2011 update". Persoonia - Molecular Phylogeny and Evolution of Fungi. 27: 119–129.
  12. de Beer, Z.W.; Seifert, K.A.; Wingfield, M.J. (2013). "A nomenclator for ophiostomatoid genera and species in the Ophiostomatales and Microascales.". Ophiostomatoid fungi: Expanding frontiers (12 ed.). Utrecht, CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre.: CBS Biodiversity Series. pp. 261–268.
  13. de Hoog G.S., Guarro J., Gené J., Figueras M.J. (2011) Atlas of clinical fungi. CD-ROM version 3.1. CBS-KNAW Fungal Biodiversity Centre, Utrecht, The Netherlands
  14. Sandoval-Denis, M.; Sutton, D.A.; Fothergill, A.W.; Cano-Lira, J.; Gené, J.; Decock, C.A.; de Hoog, G.S.; Guarro, J. (2013). "Scopulariopsis, a poorly known opportunistic fungus: 4450 spectrum of species in clinical samples and in vitro responses to antifungal drugs". J. Clin. Microbiol. 51: 3937–3943.
  15. Lackner, Michaela; de Hoog, G. Sybren; Yang, Liyue; Ferreira Moreno, Leandro; Ahmed, Sarah A.; Andreas, Fritz; Kaltseis, Josef; Nagl, Markus; Lass-Flörl, Cornelia; Risslegger, Brigitte; Rambach, Günter (2014-07-01). "Proposed nomenclature for Pseudallescheria, Scedosporium and related genera". Fungal Diversity. 67 (1): 1–10. doi:10.1007/s13225-014-0295-4. ISSN 1878-9129.


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