Michael S. Landy

Michael S. Landy is Professor of Psychology and Neural Science at New York University. He is known for his research on visual perception and movement planning.

This article is about the cognitive scientist. For the British artist, see Michael Landy.
Michael S. Landy
NationalityAmerican
Alma materUniversity of Michigan
TitleProfessor
Scientific career
FieldsNeuroscience, Psychology
InstitutionsNew York University

Biography

Landy attended college at Columbia University and earned a B.S. in 1974 in Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. Subsequently, Landy went to the University of Michigan where he received a M.S. in 1976 and a Ph.D in 1981 in Computer and Communication Sciences. His doctoral research (conducted under the supervision of John Henry Holland) used neural network models of visual learning. After receiving his doctorate, he began working at New York University, where he subsequently became a faculty member in 1984.

Research

Landy's research uses computational models to describe the human visual system, including perception of texture, orientation, stereopsis, and motion. He also researches decision-making and motor planning.

Landy is best known for his work on cue combination. Cue combination is the process by which the brain combines information from multiple sensory cues (e.g., vision and touch) in order to obtain a more accurate representation of the environment.[1][2][3][4]

He has also done research into the perception of visual texture[5][6] and orientation.[7][8][9] Much of his work uses a normative Bayesian framework of perception, which posits that human behavior approximates Bayesian inference[10]

In a video interview with Science Friday, Landy explains the science behind an art piece that alters the observer's perception of gravity. The piece offers a strong example of how our perception is strongly influenced by previous experiences.[11]

References
  1. Hillis, J. M.; Ernst, M. O.; Banks, M. S.; Landy, M. S. (2002-11-22). "Combining Sensory Information: Mandatory Fusion Within, but Not Between, Senses". Science. 298 (5598): 1627–1630. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.278.6134. doi:10.1126/science.1075396. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 12446912. S2CID 15607270.
  2. Hillis, James M.; Watt, Simon J.; Landy, Michael S.; Banks, Martin S. (2004-12-01). "Slant from texture and disparity cues: Optimal cue combination". Journal of Vision. 4 (12): 967–92. doi:10.1167/4.12.1. ISSN 1534-7362. PMID 15669906.
  3. Young, Mark J.; Landy, Michael S.; Maloney, Laurence T. (1993-12-01). "A perturbation analysis of depth perception from combinations of texture and motion cues". Vision Research. 33 (18): 2685–2696. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.63.1844. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(93)90228-O. PMID 8296465. S2CID 14082052.
  4. Oruç, İpek; Maloney, Laurence T.; Landy, Michael S. (2003-10-01). "Weighted linear cue combination with possibly correlated error". Vision Research. 43 (23): 2451–2468. doi:10.1016/S0042-6989(03)00435-8. PMID 12972395.
  5. "Bergen & Landy. Computational Modeling of Visual Texture Segregation. From M. Landy and J. A. Movshon (eds), Computational Models of Visual Processing (pp. 253-271). Cambridge, MA: MIT Press (1991)". canvas.brown.edu. Retrieved 2017-07-14.
  6. Chalupa, Leo M.; Werner, John Simon (2004). The Visual Neurosciences. MIT Press. ISBN 9780262033084.
  7. Landy, Michael S.; Bergen, James R. (1991). "Texture segregation and orientation gradient". Vision Research. 31 (4): 679–691. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.78.408. doi:10.1016/0042-6989(91)90009-T. PMID 1843770. S2CID 1852089.
  8. Girshick, Ahna R.; Landy, Michael S.; Simoncelli, Eero P. (2011). "Cardinal rules: visual orientation perception reflects knowledge of environmental statistics". Nature Neuroscience. 14 (7): 926–932. doi:10.1038/nn.2831. PMC 3125404. PMID 21642976.
  9. Larsson, Jonas; Landy, Michael S.; Heeger, David J. (2006). "Orientation-selective adaptation to first-and second-order patterns in human visual cortex". Journal of Neurophysiology. 95 (2): 862–881. doi:10.1152/jn.00668.2005. PMC 1538978. PMID 16221748.
  10. Mamassian, Pascal; Landy, Michael; Maloney, Laurence T. (2002). Bayesian modelling of visual perception. pp. 13–36. ISBN 9780262264327. {{cite book}}: |journal= ignored (help)
  11. SciFri (2012-10-12), Step Into an Optical Illusion, retrieved 2017-07-14
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