Member states of the Eurasian Economic Union

The Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) currently comprises 5 member states, which are party to the founding treaties of the EEU and thereby subject to the privileges and obligations of membership. The constituent states of the EEU are placed under binding laws and have equal representation within the EEU's executive and judicial bodies. They do however retain considerable autonomy, and must be unanimous for the EEU to adopt policies or new member states. Consensus is a founding principle of the EEU.[1][2][3][4][5]

Member states of the Eurasian Economic Union
CategorySovereign states
LocationEurasian Economic Union
Created
  • 2015
Number5 (as of 2019)
Possible types
Populations182,519,270
Areas20,260,431 km2 (7,822,596 sq mi)
Government

In 2000 six states created the EEU's predecessor, the Eurasian Economic Community. In 2010 three core states (Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan) pursued integration and founded the Eurasian Customs Union and the Single Economic Space. The three states are the founding members of the Eurasian Economic Union. The remaining states have acceded in subsequent enlargements. On 9 October 2014 Armenia signed the treaty and became the newest member state of the EEU on accession on 2 January 2015.[6] Kyrgyzstan signed an accession treaty on 23 December 2014, which came into force on 6 August 2015.[7][8]

Iran joined into a free trade agreement with the EEU in October 2018, following months of negotiations with Russia. The deal included 862 commodity items.[9]

In order to accede, a state must fulfill the economic and political requirements. Enlargement of the Union is also subject to the consent of all existing members and the candidate's adoption of the existing body of EEU law and implementing previous decisions made by the Eurasian Commission, which become part of the EEU's regulatory framework.

List
  Member States of the Eurasian Economic Union
  Observer states
  Candidate states

Members

Observer members
  •  Cuba On 11 December 2020, Cuba became an observer member. Cuba becomes the first country outside Eurasia and the first country from the Americas to be granted observer status.[13]
  •  Moldova On April 14, 2017, Moldova became the first observer member.[14]
  •  Uzbekistan On 11 December 2020, Uzbekistan became an observer member.[13]

Potential candidates for membership
Main article: Enlargement of the Eurasian Economic Union

Free Trade Zone agreements

Free Trade Zone agreements currently under negotiation

Statistics

Population

At the moment, there are 183,438,872 people residing in the EAEU countries.

  • Increase = increase.
  • Steady = steady.
  • Decrease = decrease.
Country Population World position
June 1, 2017 July 14, 2019
 Armenia 2,981,500 2,962,100 135 (Steady)
 Belarus 9,498,600 9,465,300 93 (Steady)
 Kazakhstan 18,014,200 18,512,464 62 (Increase3)
 Kyrgyzstan 6,140,200 6,389,500 110 (Steady)
 Russia 146,804,372 146,793,744 9 (Steady)
Summary 183,438,872 184,123,108 8 (Steady)

HDI
Country HDI by year
2015 2017 2018
 Russia 0,804 (Decrease0,001) 49 0,816 (Increase0,012) 49 0,824 (Increase0,008) 49
 Belarus 0,796 (Decrease0,002) 52 0,808 (Increase0,012) 53 0,817 (Increase0,009) 50
 Kazakhstan 0,794 (Increase0,001) 56 0,800 (Increase0,006) 58 0,817 (Increase0,017) 50
 Armenia 0,743 (Increase0,002) 84 0,755 (Increase0,012) 83 0,760 (Increase0,005) 81
 Kyrgyzstan 0,662 (Increase0,002) 120 0,672 (Increase0,010) 122 0,674 (Increase0,002) 122
Medium 0,760 (Increase0,001) 0,770 (Increase0,010) 0,778 (Increase0,008)

Representation

Each state has representation in the institutions of the Eurasian Economic Union. Full membership gives the government of a member state one seat in the Supreme Council of the Eurasian Economic Union and the Eurasian Intergovernmental Council. All major decisions are taken by consensus, although decisions taken by the Eurasian Commission require a qualified majority vote. Votes in the commission are weighted so that every country has 3 votes. The Presidency of the Supreme Council of the Eurasian Economic Union rotates between each of the member states, allowing each state one year to help direct the agenda of the EEU.[3][4]

The national governments appoint 3 members each to the Eurasian Commission (in accord with all the heads of state of the EEU), 2 members each to the Eurasian Court (in accord with other members) and the Eurasian Development Bank. Representation is therefore designed to prevent larger states from carrying more weight in negotiations.[3][4]

Ratification status of treaties

Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union

Signatory Date Institution In favour Against AB Deposited Reference
Belarus Belarus 9 Oct 2014 Council of the Republic 64 0 0 1 Jan 2015 [28]
9 Oct 2014 House of Representatives Approved [29]
9 Oct 2014 Presidential Assent Granted [30]
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan 9 Oct 2014 Senate Approved [31]
1 Oct 2014 Majilis 101 0 3 [32]
14 Oct 2014 Presidential Assent Granted [33]
Russia Russia 1 Oct 2014 Federation Council 140 0 0 [34]
26 Sep 2014 State Duma 441 0 1 [35]
3 Oct 2014 Presidential Assent Granted [36]

Treaty on the accession of the Republic of Armenia to the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union

Signatory Date Institution In favour Against AB Deposited Reference
Armenia Armenia 4 Dec 2014 National Assembly 103 7 1 2 Jan 2015 [37]
30 Dec 2014 Presidential Assent Granted [38]
Belarus Belarus 19 Dec 2014 Council of the Republic Approved [39]
19 Dec 2014 House of Representatives Approved [40]
29 Dec 2014 Presidential Assent Granted [41]
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan 19 Dec 2014 Senate Approved [42]
18 Dec 2014 Majilis Approved [43]
24 Dec 2014 Presidential Assent Granted [44]
Russia Russia 17 Dec 2014 Federation Council 149 0 0 [45]
10 Dec 2014 State Duma 441 1 0 [46]
22 Dec 2014 Presidential Assent Granted [47]

Treaty on the accession of the Kyrgyz Republic to the Treaty on the Eurasian Economic Union

Signatory Date Institution In favour Against AB Deposited Reference
Armenia Armenia 16 Jun 2015 National Assembly 91 4 0 12 Aug 2015 [48]
18 Jun 2015 Presidential Assent Granted
Belarus Belarus 26 Jun 2015 Council of the Republic Approved [49]
30 Jun 2015 House of Representatives Approved [50]
24 Jul 2015 Presidential Assent Granted [51]
Kazakhstan Kazakhstan 1 Jul 2015 Majilis Approved [52]
9 Jul 2015 Senate Approved [53]
5 Aug 2015 Presidential Assent Granted [54]
Kyrgyzstan Kyrgyzstan 20 May 2015 Supreme Council 96 2 0 [55]
21 May 2015 Presidential Assent Granted [56]
Russia Russia 01 Jul 2015 State Duma 437 0 2 [57]
08 Jul 2015 Federation Council Approved [58]
13 Jul 2015 Presidential Assent Granted [59]

See also

References
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