Street art in Melbourne

Around the turn of the 21st century, forms of street art that began appearing in Melbourne included woodblocking, sticker art, poster art, wheatpasting, graphs, various forms of street installations and reverse graffiti. A strong sense of community ownership and DIY ethic exists amongst street artists in Melbourne, many of whom act as activists through awareness.[4]

Galleries in the City Centre and inner suburbs now exhibit street art. Prominent Melbourne street artists were featured in Space Invaders, a 2010 exhibition of street art held at the National Gallery of Australia in Canberra.[5][6] Hosier Lane is Melbourne's most famous laneway for street art, however there are many other laneways in the inner city that exhibit street art.

Prominent international street artists such as Banksy (UK), ABOVE (USA), Fafi (France), D*FACE (UK), Logan Hicks,[7] Revok (USA), Blek le Rat (France), Shepard Fairey (USA) and Invader (France) have contributed work to Melbourne's streets along with visitors from all over the world, most prominently Germany, Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom and New Zealand.[8]

Melbourne's street art scene was explored in the 2005 feature documentary RASH. Official website (archived) RASH on Mutiny Media website

Ceramic street art on the corner of a brick building in Fitzroy, 2008

While there are small areas throughout Greater Melbourne where various forms of street art can be seen, the primary areas in which street art is most densely located include:

• Abbotsford
• Brunswick and East Brunswick
• Carlton and Carlton North
• Collingwood
• Fitzroy and Fitzroy North
• Footscray
• Melbourne City Centre
• Northcote and Westgarth
• Prahran
• Richmond
• South Yarra
• St Kilda[9]

The proliferation of street art in Melbourne has attracted supporters and detractors from various levels of government and in the broader community. In 2008 a tourism campaign at Florida's Disney World recreated a Melbourne laneway cityscape, decorated with street art. Victorian Premier John Brumby forced the tourism department to withdraw the display, calling graffiti a "blight on the city" and not something "we want to be displaying overseas."[10] Marcus Westbury countered that street art was one of Melbourne's "biggest tourist attractions and one of its most significant cultural movements since the Heidelberg School".[11]

Some street artists and academics have criticized the State Government for having seemingly inconsistent and contradictory views on graffiti.[12] In 2006, the State Government "proudly sponsored" The Melbourne Design Guide, a book which celebrates Melbourne graffiti from a design perspective. That same year, some of Melbourne's graffiti-covered laneways were featured in Tourism Victoria's Lose Yourself in Melbourne campaign. One year later, the State Government introduced tough anti-graffiti laws, with a maximum penalty of two years in prison. Possession of spray cans "without a lawful excuse", either on or around public transport, became illegal, and police search powers were also strengthened. According to Melbourne University criminologist Alison Young, the "state is profiting from the work of artists doing it, but another arm of the state wants to prosecute and possibly imprison (such) people."[12] Since laws were tightened, local councils have reported a "spike" in vandalism and an increase in tagging on commissioned murals and legal street art. Adrian Doyle, founder of the Blender Studios and manager of Melbourne Street Art Tours, believes that people who tag have become less considerate of where they put their tags for fear of being caught by police, and are "paranoid so they are taking less time—tags are less detailed".[13] In 2007, the City of Melbourne started the Do art not tags initiative—an education presentation aimed at teaching primary school students the differences between graffiti and street art.[14]

The 1983 Northcote Koori Mural was added to the Victorian Heritage Register in 2011.

Some local councils have accepted street art and have even made efforts to preserve it. In early 2008, the Melbourne City Council installed a perspex screen to prevent a 2003 Banksy stencil art piece named Little Diver from being destroyed. In December 2008, silver paint was poured behind the protective screen and tagged with the words: "Banksy woz ere".[15] In April 2010, another stencil by Banksy, also painted in 2003, was destroyed—this time by council workers. The work depicted a parachuting rat and it was believed to be the last surviving Banksy stencil in Melbourne's laneways. Lord Mayor Robert Doyle said: "This was not the Mona Lisa. It is regrettable that we have lost it, but it was an honest mistake by our cleaners in removing tagging graffiti."[16]

The loss of these and other famous street artworks in Melbourne reignited a decade long debate over heritage protection for Melbourne's street art.[17] Planning Minister Justin Madden announced government plans in 2010 involving Heritage Victoria and the National Trust of Australia to assess street art in key locations throughout Melbourne and for culturally significant works to receive recognition for the purpose of preservation.[18] Examples of street art pieces that have been added to the Victorian Heritage Register include: the 1983 mural outside the Aborigines Advancement League building,[19][20] and a 1984 Keith Haring mural in Collingwood.[21][22]

The Melbourne City Council acknowledged the difficulties that hinder the preservation of street art, with their graffiti management plan for 2014–18 stating: "Protection of street art is not practical. The only exception may be especially commissioned works".[23]

She's Only Dancing by Vexta (left), and work by PETS (right), in Hosier Lane, 2007

• Empty shows: illegal exhibitions held in derelict buildings since circa 2000[24]
• Stencil Festival: The first stencil art festival in the world was held in Melbourne in 2004. It was held annually until 2010.[25]
• Street video projection event: video projection events were held in Gertrude Street, Fitzroy in mid-2008.

• Dlux – since 2002
• Civilian – since 2001
• Facter - since 1990
• HA-HA
• Heesco - since 2010
• Jisoe - since 2000
• Lushsux – since 2010
• Meek – since 2003
• Nurock – since 1995
• Phibs
• Prism – since 2001
• Rone – since 2002
• Shida – since 2004
• Vexta – 2003
• ZAM-1

• RASH (2005) – Feature-length documentary film which explores the cultural value of Melbourne street art and graffiti.[24]
• Not Quite Art (2007) – ABC TV series, episode 101 explored Melbourne's street art and DIY culture.

• 
  Keep Your Coins, I Want Change by Meek, 2004
• 
  Antipoet, 2004
• 
  Little Diver by Banksy, 2004. Melbourne City Council moved to protect it before its destruction by vandals in 2008.
• 
  Ha-Ha's iconic stencils of Ned Kelly (seen here in 2005) and other Australian bushrangers are common in Melbourne's laneways
• 
  70k crew members Renks and Karl 123 tag every window of an abandoned office building, 2005
• 
  Stencil by Meggs, 2006
• 
  Dirty Harry stencil (2006), a version of which appears on the cover of Uncomissoned Art: An A-Z of Australian Graffiti.[31]
• 
  "No jobs on a dead planet" written on the former Spencer Street coal power station, 2007
• 
  Buskers perform in front of street murals near Degraves Street, 2007
• 
  Unknown artist, Fitzroy, 2007
• 
  Unknown artist, 2008
• 
  Stickers, stencils and other forms of street art fall victim to over-tagging in Centre Place, 2008.
• 
  Union Lane project by City of Melbourne, 2008
• 
  Unknown artists, 2008
• 
  Multi-layered stencil of a sleeping homeless man, 2008. Social issues are a recurring theme on Melbourne's walls.
• 
  Detail of a 2009 poster located in ACDC Lane, commenting on street violence outside Esplanade Hotel.
• 
  Street art in an abandoned warehouse in Collingwood, 2009
• 
  Unknown artist, Brunswick, 2009
• 
  Wheatpaste by Drab, Brunswick, 2009
• 
  Large painted board fixed to concrete wall, Richmond, 2010
• 
  Picture frames in Presgrave Place, 2010
• 
  Spray paint, Northcote, 2010
• 
  Light-box installations in Hosier Lane, 2010; part of the City of Melbourne's annual Laneway Commissions program.
• 
  Money Volcano, Phoenix the Street Artist, Hosier Lane CBD, 2010

• Street art
• Graffiti
• Culture of Melbourne
• Lanes and arcades of Melbourne
• List of Australian street artists
• List of sporting street art in Australia

Other Australian cities:

• Newtown area graffiti and street art, Sydney
• Street art in Adelaide

Media

• Stencil art
• Woodblocking
• Sticker art
• Poster art
• Wheatpasting
• Street installation

Concepts

• Public art
• Public space
• Community ownership
• Reverse graffiti

• Nyman, Carl; Smallman, Jake (2005). Stencil Graffiti Capital: Melbourne. Mark Batty Publisher. ISBN 0-9762245-3-4.
• Dew, Christine (2007). Uncommissioned Art: The A-Z of Australian Graffiti. Melbourne University Publishing. ISBN 978-0-522-85375-9.
• Stamer, Karl (2010). Kings Way: The Beginnings of Australian Graffiti: Melbourne 1983-1993. Melbourne University Publishing. ISBN 978-0-522-85751-1.
• Ghostpatrol; Miso; Smits, Timba; Young, Alison (2010). Street/Studio: The Place of Street Art in Melbourne. Thames & Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-50020-0.
• Sync; Everfresh Studio (2010). Everfresh: Blackbook: The Studio & Streets 2004–2010. Miegunyah Press. ISBN 978-0-522-85745-0.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
• Dean Sunshine (2012). Land Of Sunshine: A Snapshot Of Melbourne Street Art 2010-2012. DS Publishers. ISBN 9780987382702.
• Dean Sunshine (2014). Street Art Now – Melbourne and Beyond 2012-2014. DS Tech. ISBN 9780987382719.

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Street art in Melbourne.

• Stencil Festival official website
• What's On Melbourne - Street Art