Mausoleum O. G. Khouw

Mausoleum O. G. Khouw is a mausoleum and a historic site and tourist attraction in Jakarta, Indonesia.[3][4][5] It is the last resting place of Oen Giok Khouw (1874–1927), a prominent philanthropist and scion of the Khouw family of Tamboen at the turn of the century.[2] His widow, Lim Sha Nio (1879–1957), was also later interred there.[2] Today, the mausoleum is located inside the Petamburan Public Cemetery complex.[6]

Mausoleum O. G. Khouw
O.G Khouw Mausoleum, inside the Petamburan Public Cemetery
Alternative namesMausoleum Familie O. G. Khouw, Mausoleum Oen Giok Khouw
General information
TypeMausoleum
Architectural styleArt Deco
LocationJakarta, Indonesia
AddressTPU Petamburan, Central Jakarta, Jakarta, Indonesia
Estimated completion1927
Design and construction
Architect(s)G. Racina[1]
DeveloperAi Marmi Italiani[2]

Mausoleum of O.G. Khouw is one of the architectures that is quite rare in Indonesia, especially in the city of Jakarta.[6] The Mausoleum is also considered the grandest mausoleum in Southeast Asia.[7]

History

Background
Main article: Oen Giok Khouw

Khouw Oen GIok Sia (Born: Batavia, 13 March 1874 - Died: Ragaz, Switzerland, 1 June 1927), or better known as Oen Giok Khouw or O. G. Khouw, was a Dutch citizen and a landlord and philanthropist of Chinese Peranakan descent.

As a form of respect for his generosity, the idea to build a Mausoleum; a majestic tomb monument, was emerged from his wife, Lim Sha Nio.[6][8]

Cost and Inauguration

The mausoleum was designed in the Art Deco style by Giuseppe Racina, an Italian architect and contractor living in nineteenth-century Surabaya, Dutch East Indies.[6][9][1] The tomb also has a crypt which has a relief of O.G. Khouw and his widow, Lim Sha Nio.[6] His company, Ai Marmi Italiani, also constructed the mausoleum.[1] When the mausoleum was completed and inaugurated on September 4, 1932, its astronomical cost from f 500,000 (around US$250,000 at the time; or US$4.5 million in today's money) to f 2.000.000 (or IDR 3 million),[6][8] which caused a sensation among the press of colonial Indonesia and the Netherlands.[9][10][11] One commentator noted that Khouw's mausoleum was considerably more expensive than the burial memorial of American billionaire, William Rockefeller Jr. (1841 – 1922), in Sleepy Hollow, New York.[2][5]

The inauguration of the Mausoleum was attended by 4000 people, including council members from the Volksraad and consular representatives. In addition, the citizens of the city of Batavia also flocked to visit the mausoleum because it was opened to the public from September 5 - October 2, 1932. The visiting time at that time was from 08:00-11:30.[6]

Current condition
The front view of the mausoleum seen from afar.

After decades of neglect, the mausoleum attracted the attention of heritage lovers in Jakarta in recent years, who now maintain the site in good order.[3][4] This mausoleum is also the center of attention for visitors and pilgrims to the Petamburan TPU because it is located near the entrance of the Petamburan Public Cemetery.[7]

According to a survey conducted by the Jakarta Provincial Government Cultural Heritage Expert Team, the tombs around the mausoleum began to appear from the 1970s to 2022.[6]

Architecture
The tomb and the tombstone of O.G. Khouw and his wife, Lim Sha Nio.

Mausoleum O.G. Khouw has an Art Deco architectural style designed by the Italian architect, Giussepe Racina who once lived in Surabaya in the early 20th century.[6][9][1] This mausoleum has a shape like a black dome, which is made of granite. In addition, there are sculptures made of large blocks of marble imported directly from Italy.[7][8]

Formerly, this Mausoleum had a teak wood door with a brass handle which protected access to the tomb. However, due to the time and vandalism, the door was eventually removed and replaced by iron bars.[6][12] Entering the Mausoleum, a small circular room with minimal lighting with marble walls can be seen. On one side is the marble face of O.G Khouw and his wife Lim Sha Nio.[6] Unfortunately, the couple has no children, so there is no one to maintain the continuity of this Mausoleum.[12]

Other facts

Lim Sha Nio (widow of O.G. Khouw) died 20 years after her husband's death (in 1957 to be exact). However, the tombstone and relief of Lim Sha Nio's face in the basement of the mausoleum had already been prepared.[6]

References
  1. Isasca, Francesco Luigi (1991). "Les Italiens aux Indes Orientales Néerlandaises". Archipel. 42 (1): 33–37. doi:10.3406/arch.1991.2744. Retrieved 17 January 2017.
  2. Setyautama, Sam (2008). Tokoh-tokoh etnis Tionghoa di Indonesia (in Indonesian). Jakarta: Kepustakaan Populer Gramedia. ISBN 9789799101259. Retrieved 17 January 2017.
  3. Kompas Cyber Media (April 28, 2010). "Bersih-bersih di Musoleum OG Khouw [Cleaning up Mausoleum O. G. Khouw]". KOMPAS.com. Kompas. Retrieved 17 January 2017.
  4. "Melihat dari Dekat Mausoleum O.G Khouw - KOMPASIANA.com". KOMPASIANA. April 24, 2011. Retrieved 17 January 2017.
  5. Nieuws Tour Indonesië (April 29, 2014). "Serene rust op begraafplaats Petamburan". IndonesieNU. Nieuws Tour Indonesië. Retrieved 17 January 2017.
  6. MATI DI SWISS DIKUBUR DI PETAMBURAN, retrieved 2022-11-15
  7. "Ada di Jakarta, Ini Dia Mausoleum Terbesar di Asia Tenggara!". suara.com (in Indonesian). 2018-02-27. Retrieved 2022-11-25.
  8. "Bangunan Peneduh Makam Ini Seharga Rp 3 Miliar, Lokasinya di TPU Petamburan, Jakarta Barat". Tribunnews.com (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-11-25.
  9. "EEN MAUSOLEUM VAN EEN HALF MILLIOEN — is geplaatst op de begraafplaats "Laanhof" te Batavia, voor rekening van de familie O. G. Khouw, ontworpen door den heer G. Racina en uitgevoerd door de Ai Marmi Italiani te Soerabaja". Leeuwarder courant. D.R. Smeding en M. Koon. 15 October 1932. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
  10. "Het praalgraf van de Chineesche familie Khouw te Batavia - Windhoos te Deventer - Zweedsch stoomschip in brand". Delftsche courant. J.H. Molenbroek. 12 October 1932. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
  11. "Het Mausoleum der Familie Khouw". Het nieuws van den dag voor Nederlandsch-Indië. NV Mij tot Expl. van Dagbladen. 12 September 1932. Retrieved 26 July 2017.
  12. Kusumo, Rizky. "Bukti Cinta di Balik Kemegahan Mausoleum OG Khouw Petamburan". www.goodnewsfromindonesia.id (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2022-11-25.

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