Liver kidney microsomal type 1 antibody

Liver kidney microsomal type 1 antibody (anti-LKM1) is an autoantibody associated with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH).[1] Specifically, its presence in AIH defines type 2 AIH,[2][3] although it has been proposed that anti-liver cytosol type 1 autoantibody without detectable anti-LKM1 can be seen in type 2 AIH.[4] It is one of the several subtypes of anti–liver-kidney microsome antibodies that are known. The frequent association of anti-LKM-1 antibodies and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infections and the probable existence of an infection-associated autoimmune form of anti-LKM-1-associated hepatitis, requiring a different therapeutic strategy, necessitate the exact determination of anti-LKM-1 specificities.[3][5][6]

Immunofluorescence pattern of LKM1 antibodies on liver (left) and kidney (right). Staining of proximal tubules can be observerved on the kidney, whereas distal tubules remain unstained.

See also

References
  1. Kerkar N, Ma Y, Davies ET, Cheeseman P, Mieli-Vergani G, Vergani D (December 2002). "Detection of liver kidney microsomal type 1 antibody using molecularly based immunoassays". J. Clin. Pathol. 55 (12): 906–909. doi:10.1136/jcp.55.12.906. PMC 1769836. PMID 12461054.
  2. Manns MP, Johnson EF, Griffin KJ, Tan EM, Sullivan KF (1989). "Major antigen of liver kidney microsomal autoantibodies in idiopathic autoimmune hepatitis is cytochrome P450db1". The Journal of Clinical Investigation. 83 (3): 1066–1072. doi:10.1172/JCI113949. PMC 303785. PMID 2466049.
  3. Kammer AR, van der Burg SH, Grabscheid B, Hunziker IP, Kwappenberg KM, Reichen J, Melief CJ, Cerny A (1999). "Molecular mimicry of human cytochrome P450 by hepatitis C virus at the level of cytotoxic T cell recognition". Journal of Experimental Medicine. 190 (2): 169–176. doi:10.1084/jem.190.2.169. PMC 2195568. PMID 10432280.
  4. Bridoux-Henno L, Maggiore G, Johanet C, Fabre M, Vajro P, Dommergues JP, Reinert P, Bernard O (2004). "Features and Outcome of Autoimmune Hepatitis Type 2 Presenting with Isolated Positivity for Anti-Liver Cytosol Antibody". Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology. 2 (9): 825–830. doi:10.1016/S1542-3565(04)00354-4. PMID 15354284.
  5. Seelig R, Renz M, Bünger G, Schröter H, Seelig HP (1993). "Anti-LKM-1 antibodies determined by use of recombinant P450 2D6 in ELISA and western blot and their association with anti-HCV and HCV-RNA". Clinical & Experimental Immunology. 92 (3): 373–380. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2249.1993.tb03408.x. PMC 1554777. PMID 8390333.
  6. Cassani F, Cataleta M, Valentini P, Muratori P, Giostra F, Francesconi R, Muratori L, Lenzi M, Bianchi G, Zauli D, Bianchi FB (1997). "Serum autoantibodies in chronic hepatitis C: comparison with autoimmune hepatitis and impact on the disease profile". Hepatology. 26 (3): 561–566. doi:10.1002/hep.510260305. PMID 9303483.


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