List of version-control software

This is a list of notable software for version control.

Local data model

In the local-only approach, all developers must use the same file system.

Open source
  • Revision Control System (RCS) – stores the latest version and backward deltas for fastest access to the trunk tip[1][2] compared to SCCS and an improved user interface,[3] at the cost of slow branch tip access and missing support for included/excluded deltas.
  • Source Code Control System (SCCS) – part of UNIX; based on interleaved deltas, can construct versions as arbitrary sets of revisions. Extracting an arbitrary version takes essentially the same time and is thus more useful in environments that rely heavily on branching and merging with multiple "current" and identical versions.

Proprietary

Client–server model

In the client–server model, developers use one shared repository.

Open source
  • Concurrent Versions System (CVS) – originally built on RCS, licensed under the GPL.
    • CVSNT – cross-platform port of CVS that allows case insensitive file names among other changes
    • OpenCVS – unreleased CVS clone under a BSD license, emphasising security and source code correctness
  • Subversion (SVN) – versioning control system inspired by CVS[4]
  • Vesta – build system with a versioning file system and support for distributed repositories

Proprietary

Distributed model

In the distributed approach, each developer works directly with their own local repository, and changes are shared between repositories as a separate step.

Open source
  • ArX – written by Walter Landry, begun as GNU arch fork, but then rewritten fully
  • Bazaar – written in Python, originally by Martin Pool and sponsored by Canonical; decentralised: goals: fast and easy to use; can losslessly import Arch archives; replaced by friendly fork named Breezy.
  • BitKeeper – was used in Linux kernel development (2002 – April 2005) until its license was revoked for breach of contract; was open-sourced in 2016 in attempt to broaden its appeal again.
  • Darcs – written in Haskell, originally developed by David Roundy; can track inter-patch dependencies and automatically rearrange and cherry-pick them using a theory of patches
  • DCVS – decentralized and CVS-based
  • Fossil – written by D. Richard Hipp for SQLite; distributed revision control, wiki, bug-tracking, and forum (all-in-one solution) with console and web interfaces. Single portable executable and single repository file.
  • Git – written in a collection of Perl, C, and various shell scripts, designed by Linus Torvalds based on needs of the Linux kernel project; decentralized: goals: fast, flexible, and robust
  • GNU arch
  • Mercurial – written in Python as an open source replacement to BitKeeper; decentralized and aims to be fast, lightweight, portable, and easy to use
  • Monotone – developed by the Monotone Team; decentralized in a peer-to-peer way
  • Pijul (https://pijul.org/) – Free and open source (GPL 2) distributed version control system based on a theory of patches and written in Rust

Proprietary

See also

References
  1. Bill Wohler (10 Oct 1992). "Unix – Frequently Asked Questions (7/7)". RCS vs SCCS: How do they compare for performance?. [RCS ...] is much faster in retrieving the latest version
  2. Larry McVoy (11 Dec 2003). "BitKeeper: Why SCCS, rather than RCS?". Archived from the original on March 26, 2012. RCS is optimized for getting the most recent version on the trunk
  3. Bill Wohler (10 Oct 1992). "Unix – Frequently Asked Questions (7/7)". RCS vs SCCS: How do the interfaces compare?. [RCS ...] is more intuitive and consistent
  4. "Changes", SVN, Collab Net, archived from the original on October 25, 2008
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