Lincoln Heights, Spokane

What is now Lincoln Heights was inhabited by the Spokane people for centuries.

In 1885, what is now Lincoln Heights was connected with the then burgeoning city of Spokane via a county road laid along the route of 29th Avenue. As the region recovered from the Great Spokane Fire of 1889 and Panic of 1893, Lincoln Heights saw rapid development. Streetcars arrived in the mid-1890s, with a line extending along 29th Avenue east to Myrtle Street and lines terminating in the northern, lower portion of the neighborhood at 12th Avenue and Altamont Boulevard and another at 17th Avenue and Ray Street. These lines were laid in part to help sell home sites in the neighborhood.[2]

As part of their plan for the layout of the city in 1908, the Olmsted Brothers recommended establishing a large park in the north of the neighborhood. In 1912, the Hutton family, philanthropists and landowners in the neighborhood, donated 31 acres of land that became Lincoln Park. The Huttons would build their colonial revival mansion residence next to the park in 1914, at a cost of $45,000 ($1,300,990.50 in 2022 dollars).[3][4]

Franklin Elementary School

Charles Francis Adams Jr., a wealthy landowner from Boston and member of the politically powerful Adams family, sold his family's 900-acre plot of land on the eastern edge of Lincoln Heights, which opened it up for development. On the neighborhood's northern edge, Adams Elementary School was named for him. After an initial surge in purchases in the Lincoln Heights Addition, construction slowed, and the neighborhood retained a mixed rural and urban character through the early decades of the 20th century.[2]

Franklin Elementary, located at 17th Avenue and Mt. Vernon Road, a few blocks down the road from the Hutton home, was built in 1909. Though the school has been remodeled and expanded in the century since, the original building remains.[5]

In the 1950s, the neighborhood took on its importance as a commercial center for the south side of the city when the Lincoln Heights Shopping Center was constructed at 29th Avenue and Regal Street. It would be expanded further in the 1970s and has been surrounded by other commercial zones in the years since.[2]

The neighborhood's dual rural and urban character in the first half of the 20th century faded away as infill developments took place in the 1970s and 1980s. In the southern and eastern portions of Lincoln Heights, the farthest from the city center, this has resulted in craftsman homes from the early 20th century next to late 20th century split-level and ranch-style homes.[6]

As the name suggests, Lincoln Heights is located on the slopes and crest of Spokane's South Hill area, the local name for the broader southern side of the city. The slopes rise from the Spokane Valley below to the elevation of the Columbia Plateau. In places, like in Lincoln Park, the slope is so steep that it exists as vertical faces of exposed Columbia River Basalt Group rock cliffs.[7] The neighborhood rises from approximately 2,000 feet in the north to 2,300 feet in the south.[8][9]

Havana Street serves as the eastern boundary of Lincoln Heights and the City of Spokane. The unincorporated Glenrose neighborhood lies to the east. 37th Avenue is the northern border, stretching west from Havana Street to Perry Street. The western side of Lincoln Heights is interrupted by the Rockwood neighborhood, appearing on a map as if a bite has been taken out of it. The western border runs along Perry Street from 37th to 29th Avenues, where it cuts east along 29th for more than half a mile. At 29th Avenue and Southeast Boulevard, the border follows Southeast around the curving eastern edge of Rockwood to 14th Avenue. At 14th, the northern border runs east from Southeast Boulevard to Crestline Street, cutting north for six blocks. From Crestline to Havana, the northern border mostly follows a ridge along which the Ben Burr Trail is located.[2]

Lincoln Park

As with the rest of the city of Spokane, parkland is an important feature of Lincoln Heights. Lincoln Park spans the upper and lower portions of the neighborhood and takes up 51 acres. Thornton Murphy Park, adjacent to the Lincoln Heights Shopping Center, is 8 acres large. Froggy Pond is a five-acre space at 30th Avenue and Havana Street in the southeastern section of the neighborhood. Along the northern edge of Lincoln Heights runs the Ben Burr Trail connecting Liberty and Underhill Parks in neighboring East Central. A grassy and tree-lined parkway runs down the middle of 35th Avenue from Regal Street in the center of the neighborhood to the city limits on the east. There are also outdoor recreation opportunities at the three public elementary school campuses and one public middle school campus in Lincoln/Heights.[2]

Most of the neighborhood, especially the eastern and southern portions, conform to the city's street grid. However, along the ridge that runs through the middle of the neighborhood, and on the rocky slopes along the north, streets are forced to wind their way through the local terrain. There are many loops and dead-ends in this area.[2]

Lincoln Heights is home to six schools, two private and four public. Franklin Elementary, located at 17th Avenue and Mt. Vernon Road, serves the northern and central portions of the neighborhood. Lincoln Heights Elementary, at 23rd Avenue and Ray Street, serves the eastern areas of Lincoln Heights. At 37th Avenue and Regal Street, Adams Elementary serves the southeastern portion of the neighborhood. The southwestern portion is part of the Hamblen Elementary district, located in the neighboring Southgate neighborhood. A few square blocks in the far northwest corner of the neighborhood are part of the Grant Elementary district, located in neighboring East Central.[10]

Franklin and Lincoln Heights feed into Chase Middle School, located in the far southeastern corner of the neighborhood at 37th Avenue. Adams and Hamblen previously did as well, but are set to move into the district of a new middle school under construction to the south.[10] All of Lincoln Heights, except the small portion which is part of the Grant Elementary and Sacajawea Middle School districts feeds into Joel E. Ferris High School, which is located across the street from Adams Elementary at 37th Avenue and Regal Street. The Grant/Sacajawea portion of Lincoln Heights is served by Lewis and Clark High School.[11]

Private schools in Lincoln Heights are All Saints Primary at 18th Avenue and Freya and All Saints Middle at 33rd Avenue and Perry Street.[2]

As of 2017, Lincoln Heights was home to 14,272 people across 6,364 households. Renters made up 41.3% of those households, below the citywide average of 45.3%. The median household income was $53,572, above the citywide median of $44,768. 53.9% of students qualified for free or reduced lunch, compared to 54.5% for the city. People over age 65 made up 18.2% of residents, while those aged 19 or younger made up 23.8% of residents. 25.8% of households had children.

People born in the United States or its territories made up 91.5% of residents. Of the residents born outside of the United States, 15.4% came from Ukraine, 14.5% from Russia, 13.8% from Moldova and 7.3% from Vietnam.[1]