Hiển Khánh Vương

Hiển Khánh Vương (chữ Hán: 顯慶王 "Prince Hiển Khánh") was the father of Lý Thái Tổ. Very little is known about him, as not much was recorded about him historically; even his real name remains unknown.

Hiển Khánh Vương
Bornprior to 970
unknown
Diedafter 1000
Unknown (Early Lê dynasty?)
Spouse(s)Phạm Thị, Empress Dowager Minh Đức (明德太后范氏)
Children

Biography

The paternal lineage of Lý Thái Tổ was not prominently recorded in Vietnamese official history. Little was known about his father other than that he was of Fujian extraction.[1] According to Dream Pool Essays by Shen Kuo, Lý Thái Tổ was "a man of Fujian extraction".[2]

According to Vietnamese legend, Lý Thái Tổ had no biological father. His mother, Phạm Thị, dreamed of copulating with a Taoist immortal. Phạm became pregnant and later gave birth to Lý Thái Tổ at Cổ Pháp Pagoda. At the age of 3, Phạm brought him back to the pagoda. Lý Khánh Văn (李慶文), head monk of the pagoda, adopted him and named him Lý Công Uẩn.[3][4]

After Lý Công Uẩn became emperor, he granted his father the title Hiển Khánh vương (顯慶王) posthumously.[5]

Modern research

Chinese-Vietnamese historian Li Taishan (李泰山) discovered a record in the genealogy of the Li clan of Anhai which showed that the father of Lý Công Uẩn was Li Chun'an (Chinese: 李淳安; pinyin: Lǐ Chún'ān, Vietnamese: Lý Thuần An, 9 October 921 – 29 November 999).[6][7] Historical sources disagree on whether Li Chun'an's wife Phạm Thị Ngà gave birth to Lý Công Uẩn in Fujian or Jiaozhi.[8][6]

Li Chun'an was said to be the first of two sons of Li Song. After Li Song was falsely accused and executed in 948 during the Later Han dynasty, Li Chun'an escaped to Quanzhou[9] which was then controlled by the warlord Liu Congxiao (but nominally under the control of the Southern Tang dynasty).

He resettled in the Li Family village in Anhai, Quanzhou and became a Water mid Land Transport Commissioner (水陸轉運使) at some point. Some time later, he deserted his official post to escape from an unspecified danger, and traveled by South China Sea to Jiaozhi (now Vietnam), Champa and Khmer Empire for business, spending the most time in Jiaozhi. He fathered several children, including Lý Công Uẩn who would later become the founding emperor of the Lý dynasty.[10][6]

Family

See also

References
  1. Lynn Pan (1998). The Encyclopedia of the Chinese Overseas. Harvard University Press. p. 228. ISBN 0674252101.
  2. Dream Pool Essays, vol. 25: "桓死安南大亂久無酋長其後國人共立閩人李公蘊為主"
  3. Đại Việt sử ký toàn thư, Bản kỷ Quyển 2
  4. Việt Nam sử lược, Quyển 1 Phần 3 Chương 4: "Tục truyền rằng Công Uẩn không có cha, mẹ là Phạm-thị 范 氏 đi chơi chùa Tiêu-sơn 橅 山 (làng Tiêu-sơn, phủ Từ-sơn), nằm mộng thấy đi lại với thần nhân rồi về có thai đẻ ra đứa con trai. Lên ba tuổi đem cho người sư ở chùa Cổ-pháp tên là Lý khánh Văn 李 慶 文 làm con nuôi, mới đặt tên là Lý công Uẩn."
  5. Khâm định Việt sử Thông giám cương mục, Chính biên Quyển 2
  6. (in Chinese) 千年前泉州人李公蕴越南当皇帝 越南史上重要人物之一
  7. "越南归侨李泰山著书 忆述"从越南到泉州"". 今日泉州网. 2014-02-20.
  8. Cuong Tu Nguyen (1997). Thiền Uyển Tập Anh. University of Hawaii Press. p. 371. ISBN 978-0-8248-1948-4.
  9. (in Vietnamese) Origin of Lý Thái Tổ
  10. (in Chinese) 两安海人曾是安南皇帝 有关专家考证李公蕴、陈日煚籍属晋江安海
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