Guyu

The traditional Chinese lunisolar calendar divide a year into 24 solar terms.[1] Gǔyǔ, Kokuu, Gogu, or Cốc vũ is the 6th solar term. It begins when the Sun reaches the celestial longitude of 30° and ends when it reaches the longitude of 45°. It more often refers in particular to the day when the Sun is exactly at the celestial longitude of 30°. In the Gregorian calendar, it usually begins around April 20 and ends around May 5.

For the fish genus, see Guyu (fish).

Guyu
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese穀雨
Simplified Chinese谷雨
Literal meaninggrain rain
Vietnamese name
Vietnamese alphabetcốc vũ
Chữ Hán穀雨
Korean name
Hangul곡우
Hanja穀雨
Japanese name
Kanji穀雨
Hiraganaこくう
Solar term
Term Longitude Dates
Lichun 315°4–5 February
Yushui 330°18–19 February
Jingzhe 345°5–6 March
Chunfen 0°20–21 March
Qingming 15°4–5 April
Guyu 30°20–21 April
Lixia 45°5–6 May
Xiaoman 60°21–22 May
Mangzhong 75°5–6 June
Xiazhi 90°21–22 June
Xiaoshu 105°7–8 July
Dashu 120°22–23 July
Liqiu 135°7–8 August
Chushu 150°23–24 August
Bailu 165°7–8 September
Qiufen 180°23–24 September
Hanlu 195°8–9 October
Shuangjiang 210°23–24 October
Lidong 225°7–8 November
Xiaoxue 240°22–23 November
Daxue 255°7–8 December
Dongzhi 270°21–22 December
Xiaohan 285°5–6 January
Dahan 300°20–21 January

Traditionally, Guyu marks the beginning of warmer temperatures and the onset of the rainy season, making it an important period for farmers to ensure a satisfactory harvest for the rest of the year.

Pentads

Each solar term can be divided into 3 pentads (候). They are: first pentad (初候), second pentad (次候) and last pentad (末候). Pentads in Guyu include:

China
  • First pentad: 萍始生, 'Duckweed begins to sprout'.[2]
  • Second pentad: 鳴鳩拂其羽, 'Cuckoo shakes off wings'.[2]
  • Last pentad: 戴勝降于桑, 'Hoopoe perches in mulberry trees'.[2]

Japan
  • First pentad: Ashi hajimete shōzu (葭始生), 'Reed begins to bud'.[3]
  • Second pentad: Shimo yamite nae izuru (霜止出苗), 'Frost ends and rice seedlings to grow'.[3]
  • Last pentad: Botan hanasaku (牡丹華), 'Peony blooms'.[3]

Date and time
Date and Time (UTC)
yearbeginend
辛巳 2001-04-20 00:35 2001-05-05 10:44
壬午 2002-04-20 06:20 2002-05-05 16:37
癸未 2003-04-20 12:02 2003-05-05 22:10
甲申 2004-04-19 17:50 2004-05-05 04:02
乙酉 2005-04-19 23:37 2005-05-05 09:52
丙戌 2006-04-20 05:26 2006-05-05 15:30
丁亥 2007-04-20 11:07 2007-05-05 21:20
戊子 2008-04-19 16:51 2008-05-05 03:03
己丑 2009-04-19 22:44 2009-05-05 08:50
庚寅 2010-04-20 04:29 2010-05-05 14:44
辛卯 2011-04-20 10:17 2011-05-05 20:23
壬辰 2012-04-19 16:12 2012-05-05 02:19
癸巳 2013-04-19 22:03 2013-05-05 08:18
甲午 2014-04-20 03:55 2014-05-05 13:59
乙未 2015-04-20 09:41 2015-05-05 19:55
丙申 2016-04-19 15:31 2016-05-05 01:41
丁酉 2017-04-19 21:29 2017-05-05 07:29
戊戌 2018-04-20 03:12 2018-05-05 13:26
己亥 2019-04-20 08:54 2019-05-05 19:05
庚子 2020-04-19 14:47 2020-05-05 00:51
Source: JPL Horizons On-Line Ephemeris System

References
  1. Zhang, Peiyu; Hunag, Hongfeng (1994). "The Twenty-four Solar Terms of the Chinese Calendar and the Calculation for Them". Purple Mountain Observatory.
  2. Kondō Heijō (近藤瓶城), ed. (1901). 新加纂録類 (Shinka Sanrokurui). p. 110. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
  3. Fujisawa Morihiko (1961). 年中行事編 (Nenjū Gyōjihen). p. 103. {{cite book}}: |work= ignored (help)
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