Khamaj
Khamaj (IAST: Khamāj) is a Hindustani classical Music raga within the Khamaj thaat which is named after it.
| Thaat | Khamaj |
|---|---|
| Type | Shadava-sampurna |
| Time of day | Late night, 9–12[1] |
| Arohana | S G M P D N Ṡ |
| Avarohana | Ṡ Ṉ D P M G R S |
| Pakad | Ṉ D M P D M G[2] |
| Vadi | G |
| Samavadi | N |
| Synonym |
|
| Equivalent | |
| Similar | Desh, Khambavati[1] |
| Hindustani classical music |
|---|
| Concepts |
| Genres |
| Thaats |
Many ghazals and thumris are based on Khamaj. It utilises the shuddha (pure) form of Ni on the ascent, and the komala (flat) form of Ni on the descent, creating a key asymmetry in compositional and improvisational performance. This raga has been explored more in the lighter forms of Hindustani Classical Music such as Thumri, Tappa etc. Yet a many compositions in Dhrupad and Khayal are found as well. Harikambhoji is the equivalent rāgam in Carnatic music.
Theory [Raag Shashtra]
Arohana: S G M P D N Ṡ[lower-alpha 1][1][2]
Avroha: Ṡ Ṉ D P M G R S[lower-alpha 2][2][1][3]
Compositions
In Dhrupad, Sadra, Khayal, Thumri & Tappa styles :
- Sudhi Bisara Gayi...(Sadra form – in 10 beat cycle of Jhaptal. Sung by Abdul Karim Khan of Kirana Gharana)
- "Ban Ban Dhunda liyo banvari......"(Set in TeenTal, composed by Acharya Dr Pandit Gokulotsavji Maharaj)[4]
- "nand ghar aaj baje badhai......"(Set in TeenTal, composed by Acharya Dr Pandit Gokulotsavji Maharaj)[4]
- Piya Tori Tirchhi Najar Laage Pyaari Re... (Bol Banav Ki Thumri form. Sung by Faiyaz Khan of Agra Gharana)
- Koyaliyan Kuhuk/Kook Sunaave... (Khayal/Bandishi Thumri form – in 16 beat cycle of Teentala. Sung by Nisar Hussain Khan of Rampur Gharana, Ajoy Chakrabarty of Patiala Gharana
- Shyaam Rang Daari... (Dhrupad form – in 14 beat cycle of Dhamar Tala. Sung by N. Zahiruddin Dagar & F. Wasfuddin Dagar)
- Ab Maan Jao Saiyaan...(Dadra) sung by Ustad Ghulam Abbas Khan of Rampur Sahaswan Gharana
- Sudh Naa Lini Jabse Gaye... (Dadra form – Sung by Faiyaz Khan of Agra Gharana and also Mentioned in Vishnu Narayan Bhatkhande's Kramik Pustak Malika Vol. 2)
Hindi Film Songs based on Raga Khamaj:
- Bada natkhat hai...ka kare yashoda maiya, "Kuchh Toh Log Kahenge" and Raina Beet Jaye (with Todi in mukhara) – Amar Prem[5]
- Ayo kahanse ghanashyam – Buddha Mil Gaya
- Vo na aenge palatkar – Devdaas
- A dilse dil mila le – Navrang
- Dhal chuki shame Gam – Kohinoor
- Khat likha de savariyake nam babu
- Mere to giridharagopala – Meera
- Tere bina sajna lage na jiya hamar – Aarti
- Tere mere milan ki ye raina – Abhimaan
- Khamaj – Fuzön sung by Shafqat Amanat Ali
- Mitwa – Kabhi alvida na kehna
The Narsinh Bhajan "Vaishnav jan to" is also based on Khamaj.
The Sargam Geet is as follows: set to teentaal, that is sixteen beats:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 |
| G | G | S | G | M | P | G | M | N | D | _ | M | P | D | _ | M |
| G | _ | _ | _ | D | N | S' | _ | S ' | N | D | P | M | G | R | S |
This is the Prelude to the Sargam Geet, the underscore signifies the avagraha i.e. prolongation of the immediate previous note by one beat for one _ and
three beats in case of _ _ _
Film Songs
Language:Tamil
Notes
- Alternate notations:
- Carnatic: S G₃ M₁ P D₂ N₃ Ṡ
- Western: C E F G A B C
- Alternate notations:
- Carnatic: Ṡ N₂ D₂ P M₁ G₃ R₂ S
- Western: C B♭ A G F E D C
Notable songs
- Kuch To Log Kahenge
- Tere Mere Milan Ki Ye Raina
- Mora Saiyyan Mose Bole
- Vaishnava Jana To(in Mishra Khamaj)
References
- Bor & Rao 1999.
- OEMI:KR.
- SWAAI SANGEET (Part 1) Theory of Indian Classical Music by Prem Jialal Vasant
- Māthura, Nītā. (2011). Śāstrīya saṅgīta ke sūrya : Ācārya (Paṃ.) Gokulotsava Jī Mahārāja : saṅgīta sevā, śāstra cintana evaṃ bandiśoṃ kā saṅkalana (1. saṃskaraṇa ed.). Naī Dillī: Rādhā Pablikeśansa. ISBN 978-81-7487-765-9. OCLC 769743702.
- Anirudha Bhattacharjee; Balaji Vittal (2012). R. D. Burman: The Man, The Music. Harper Collins India. p. 96. ISBN 978-93-5029-236-5.
Sources
- Bor, Joep; Rao, Suvarnalata (1999). The Raga Guide: A Survey of 74 Hindustani Ragas. Nimbus Records with Rotterdam Conservatory of Music. p. 100. ISBN 9780954397609.
- Khamāj Rāga (Hin), The Oxford Encyclopaedia of the Music of India. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780195650983. Retrieved 8 October 2018.
- http://www.tanarang.com/english/khamaj_eng.htm
- https://www.parrikar.org/hindustani/khamaj/
External links
| Concepts |  | |
|---|---|---|
| Instruments | ||
| Genres | ||
| Semi-classical genres | ||
| Thaats | ||