John Murray (Liberal politician)

John Murray (28 February 1879 – 28 December 1964) was a Scottish civil servant, university administrator and Liberal Party politician.

Family and education

Murray was born in Fraserburgh in Aberdeenshire, the eldest son of Francis Robert Murray, a Fraserburgh fish curer, and his wife Isabella (née Watt).[1] He was educated at Robert Gordon's College in Aberdeen. He then attended the University of Aberdeen where he obtained an MA degree. He also studied at Christ Church, Oxford and was a Prize Fellow of Merton College, Oxford in 1905.[2][3] In 1908 he was Student and Keeper of Christ Church.[4] In 1921 he married Ellen, the widow of George Harwood formerly Liberal MP for Bolton.[5]

Career

From 1910 to 1915, Murray was Censor of Christ Church, Oxford – that is an assistant to the Dean with responsibility for undergraduate discipline.[3] In 1915 the Ministry of Munitions was established under the leadership of David Lloyd George and Murray went to work in the Labour Regulation Department on matters of industrial relations.[4] He also held a position as officer in charge of a section of the Board of Education which considered the grant of university awards to former servicemen.[1] From 1920 to 1921 he was Chairman of the Central Committee established under the Profiteering Acts to investigate and report on price increases.[3][6]

After his Parliamentary career, Murray entered a new area of public life. He was Principal of the University College of the South West of England from 1926 to 1951. He also served on the Consultative Committee for Independent Education.[3] His professional interest in education led him to accept a number of governorships of schools including Bryanston School, St Martin-in-the-Fields High School for Girls and Gordonstoun School.[7] Murray also served as a member of a committee on higher education in east Africa in 1936–7 chaired by Earl De La Warr, parliamentary under-secretary at the Colonial Office. As a committed Christian, Murray dissented from some of the committee's conclusions and wrote a minority report opposing secular education.[1]

Honorary degrees

In recognition of his public services, Murray received the honorary degrees of Doctor of Laws from Aberdeen University, and Doctor of Letters from Columbia University in New York City and Exeter University.[3]

Politics

1918

Murray was chosen as Liberal candidate for Leeds West at the 1918 general election. He was a recipient of the Coalition coupon and won easily in a four-cornered contest against Labour and Independent opponents with a majority of 6,622 votes.[8]

1922

At the 1922 general election, Murray, again selected as the Liberal candidate, had a straight fight against the Labour candidate Thomas Stamford. In a much tighter contest, Murray narrowly held on to his seat by the margin of 904 votes.[8]

1923

The 1923 general election saw the re-intervention of the Conservatives at West Leeds and with the anti-Labour vote effectively split, Stamford emerged as the winner for Labour over the Tories, with Murray relegated to bottom of the poll.[8]

Kirkcaldy

For the general election of 1924, Murray switched to a seat in his native Scotland. He contested the Kirkcaldy District of Burghs constituency. However, in a straight fight with the sitting Labour MP Tom Kennedy one of the Labour whips,[9] he trailed by a majority of 2,284 votes.[10]

Ripon

Murray made a final effort to re-enter the House of Commons in 1925 when he was chosen to contest the Ripon by-election. This by-election was caused by the resignation of the sitting Tory MP, Edward Wood who had been selected to become Viceroy of India on the personal invitation of the King and Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin, albeit after the post had been turned down by Earl Haig amongst others.[11] In a straight fight with the new Conservative candidate John Waller Hills, Murray was defeated by a majority of 5,011 votes.[12]

Political views

Murray seems to have followed a well-worn path from radical opinion in his early political career to more conservative views in later life. He took a sympathetic line in Parliament towards the treatment of the unemployed and became an early supporter of family allowances, a policy he championed throughout his life. At the time of Liberal reunion in 1923, Murray stated that the "true place for Liberalism is on the left."[13] However he later appears to have lost his faith in the role of the state. He was associated with Ernest Benn and his Society for Individual Freedom. During the Ripon by-election Murray openly disagreed with Lloyd George's plans for nationalisation of land and the coal industry.[1]

Death

Murray died in London on 28 December 1964 at the age of 85 years.[5]

References
  1. B W Clapp, John Murray in Oxford Dictionary of National Biography, OUP 2004–09
  2. Levens, R.G.C., ed. (1964). Merton College Register 1900–1964. Oxford: Basil Blackwell. p. 44.
  3. Who was Who, OUP 2007
  4. The Times, House of Commons 1919; Politico's Publishing, 2004 p31
  5. The Times, 30 December 1964 p10
  6. The Times, 10 May 1921 p7
  7. Who was Who, OUP 2007
  8. F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results, 1918–1949; Political Reference Publications, Glasgow, 1949 p165
  9. The Times, 20 October 1924 p9
  10. F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results, 1918–1949; Political Reference Publications, Glasgow, 1949 p602
  11. Andrew Roberts, The Holy Fox: A Life of Lord Halifax; Papermac, 1991 p 17
  12. F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results, 1918–1949; Political Reference Publications, Glasgow, 1949 p522
  13. Trevor Wilson, The Downfall of the Liberal Party, 1914–1935; Cornell University Press, 1966 p244
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