Jamharat Ash'ar al-Arab

Jamharat Ash'ar al-Arab (Arabic: جمهرة أشعار العرب; The Gathering of the Arabs' Verses) is an early Arabic poetry anthology by Abu Zayd al-Qurashi. The date of publication is unknown, and al-Qurashi is supposed by various scholars to have lived in the 8th,[1] 9th[2] or 10th centuries.[3] It contains seven sections, each containing seven qasidas.[2]

The Jamharat Ash'ar al-Arab is one of five canonical primary sources of early Arabic poetry. The four others are Mu'allaqat, Hamasah, Mufaddaliyat and the Asma'iyyat.[4][5]

Sections

The first section consists of the seven Mu'allaqat.[2] The anthology is the first source to use the name Mu'allaqat; earlier writers describe the poems simply as "the Seven."[6] Al-Qurashi's choice of poems is somewhat idiosyncratic, as he includes Al-Nabigha and Al-A'sha among the seven and excludes Antarah ibn Shaddad and Al-Harith.[7]

The second section is called "al-Mujamharat" ("the assembled").[8] It contains poems by Abid ibn al-Abras, Adi ibn Zayd, Bashar bin Abi Khazm al-Asadi, Umayya bin Abi al-Salat, Khadash bin Zuhair, Al-Namar bin Tulab, and Antarah ibn Shaddad.

The third section is "al-Muntuqayat", "the chosen".[9] Represented poets include Abu Layla al-Muhalhel, Urwa ibn al-Ward, and Dorayd bin Al Soma.

The fourth section, "al-Mudhahhabat" ("the gilded ones") consists solely of poetry from the Banu Aws and Banu Khazraj tribes.[10] It contains poems by Hassan ibn Thabit, Abdullah ibn Rawaha, and Amr ibn Imru al-Qays.

The fifth section contains elegies, and the sixth, "al-Mashubat", contains "testimonies of faith mingled with heresy".[11] One of the Mashubat is by Ka'b ibn Zuhayr, famous for reciting the poem in question in front of Muhammad.

The final section, "al-Mulhamat", is ambiguous in meaning but probably means that the poems refer to bloody fights or struggles.[12] Represented poets include Al-Farazdaq and Al-Akhtal al-Taghlibi.

References
  1. Emran El-Badawi (17 December 2013). The Qur'an and the Aramaic Gospel Traditions. Routledge. p. 41. ISBN 978-1-317-92933-8.
  2. Orfali, Bilal (1 January 2012). "A Sketch Map of Arabic Poetry Anthologies up to the Fall of Baghdad". Journal of Arabic Literature. 43 (1): 39. doi:10.1163/157006412X629737.
  3. Weipert, Reinhard (2007-11-01). "Abū Zayd al-Qurashī". Encyclopaedia of Islam, Three. Retrieved 2020-05-04.
  4. Wen-chin Ouyang, Literary Criticism in Medieval Arabic-Islamic Culture: The Making of a Tradition, pg. 65. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 1997. ISBN 9780748608973
  5. Shady Nasser, The Transmission of the Variant Readings of the Qurʾān: The Problem of Tawātur and the Emergence of Shawādhdh, pg. 210. Leiden: Brill Publishers, 2012. ISBN 9789004241794
  6. El Tayib, Abdullah (1983). "Pre-Islamic Poetry". In A. F. L. Beeston; T. M. Johnstone; R. B. Serjeant; G. R. Smith (eds.). Arabic Literature to the End of the Umayyad Period. Cambridge University Press. pp. 111–112. ISBN 0521240158.
  7. El Tayib 1983, p. 112.
  8. Mustafa, Ezzedin Ibrahim (1963). The Methods and Techniques of the Early Arab Anthologists (PhD). University of London School of Oriental and African Studies. p. 119. Retrieved 3 May 2020.
  9. Mustafa 1963, p. 120.
  10. Mustafa 1963, p. 121.
  11. Mustafa 1963, p. 122.
  12. Mustafa 1963, pp. 125–6.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.