IRAS 00500+6713

IRAS 00500+6713 is a star created by the explosive merger of two ultra-dense white dwarfs.[3] Its discovery was announced in December 2020. The central star, a super-Chandrasekhar object with a mass ≳1.5 M☉ is surrounded by a nebula packed with hot gas and warm dust.[4] The star represents a new kind of X-ray source.[5] It exhibits record-breaking wind speeds[6] and large amounts of neon, magnesium, silicon, and sulfur.[3] The prominence in the spectrum of highly-ionised emission lines of oxygen and the complete lack of hydrogen, helium, and nitrogen, mark it as an unusual example of a WO-type Wolf-Rayet star.[3]

IRAS 00500+6713

Co-orbiting white dwarfs
Credit: NASA/Tod Strohmayer (GSFC)/Dana Berry (Chandra X-Ray Observatory)
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Cassiopeia
Right ascension 0h 53m 11.21s[1]
Declination +67° 30′ 02.4″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 15.4[2]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ) RA: −2.258[1] mas/yr
Dec.: −0.0988[1] mas/yr
Parallax (π)0.4065 ± 0.0259 mas[1]
Distance8,000 ± 500 ly
(2,500 ± 200 pc)
Details
Mass1.20±0.17[3] M☉
Radius0.155[3] R☉
Luminosity36,000[3] L☉
Temperature237,000[3] K
Other designations
Parker's Star, IRAS 00500+6713, 2MASS J00531123+6730023, WISE J005311.24+673002.4
Database references
SIMBADdata

The nebula has been called Pa 30 and is classified as an unusual type of supernova remnant, likely to have been created by the merger of two white dwarfs. The supernova event itself would have been a rare type Iax, the only one observed in the Milky Way.[7] It has been linked to the supernova SN 1181. The star is highly unstable, too massive to remain as a white dwarf, and it is predicted to collapse into a neutron star within ten thousand years.[8]

WISE image of IRAS 00500+6713 and the surrounding nebula

References
  1. Vallenari, A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (2023). "Gaia Data Release 3. Summary of the content and survey properties". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 674: A1. arXiv:2208.00211. Bibcode:2023A&A...674A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202243940. S2CID 244398875. Gaia DR3 record for this source at VizieR.
  2. Fedorov, P. N.; Akhmetov, V. S.; Bobylev, V. V. (2011). "Residual rotation of the Hipparcos/Tycho-2 system as determined from the data of the XPM catalogue". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 416 (1): 403. Bibcode:2011MNRAS.416..403F. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.19045.x.
  3. Oskinova, Lidia M.; Gvaramadze, Vasilii V.; Gräfener, Götz; Langer, Norbert; Todt, Helge (2020-12-01). "X-rays observations of a super-Chandrasekhar object reveal an ONe and a CO white dwarf merger product embedded in a putative SN Iax remnant". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 644: L8. arXiv:2008.10612. Bibcode:2020A&A...644L...8O. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039232. ISSN 0004-6361. S2CID 221293111.
  4. "This 'Unusual Star' Is Unlike Anything Astronomers Have Seen Before". Gizmodo. 5 January 2021. Retrieved 2021-01-23.
  5. Agency, European Space (2021-01-11). "Cosmic Neon Lights: Strange New Type of Star Revealed in X-ray Light". SciTechDaily. Retrieved 2021-01-23.
  6. "Strange star unlike any seen before, scientists say". Room, The Space Journal. Retrieved 2021-01-23.
  7. Ritter, Andreas; Parker, Quentin A.; Lykou, Foteini; Zijlstra, Albert A.; Guerrero, Martín A.; Le Dû, Pascal (2021). "The Remnant and Origin of the Historical Supernova 1181 AD". The Astrophysical Journal. 918 (2): L33. arXiv:2105.12384. Bibcode:2021ApJ...918L..33R. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ac2253. S2CID 235195784.
  8. "Brilliant X-rays reveal what might be a new type of star". Nature. 589 (7841): 172. 2021. Bibcode:2021Natur.589S.172.. doi:10.1038/d41586-020-03654-x.
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