List of Holocaust memorials and museums
A number of organizations, museums and monuments are intended to serve as memorials to the Holocaust, the Nazi Final Solution, and its millions of victims.
Part of a series on |
The Holocaust |
---|
Memorials and museums listed by country:
A - D: Albania · Argentina · Australia · Austria · Belarus · Belgium · Brazil · Bulgaria · Canada · China (PRC) · Croatia · Cuba · Czech Republic
E - J: Ecuador · Estonia · France · Germany · Greece · Hungary · Israel · Italy · Japan
K - O:
Latvia · Lithuania · Mexico · Netherlands · New Zealand · North Macedonia · Norway
P - T:
Philippines · Poland ·
Portugal ·
Romania · Russia · Serbia · Slovakia · Slovenia · South Africa · Spain · Suriname · Sweden · Taiwan
U - Z:
Ukraine · United Kingdom · United States · Uruguay
Other sections:
See also · · Notes · References · Further reading · External links
Albania
Argentina
Australia
- Adelaide Holocaust Museum and Andrew Steiner Education Centre (Adelaide, South Australia)
- The Jewish Holocaust Centre (Melbourne, Victoria)[5]
- Leo Baeck Centre for Progressive Judaism (Kew, Victoria) Holocaust Memorial[6]
- Melbourne General Cemetery Holocaust Memorial (Parkville, Victoria)[7]
- Sydney Jewish Museum (Sydney)[8]
- Magen Shoah, The Central Synagogue (Sydney)
Austria
- The Judenplatz Holocaust Memorial (Vienna)
- Holocaust and Tolerance Center Styria, "House of Names" (Holocaust und Toleranzzentrum Steiermark, Haus der Namen) (Graz)[9]
- House of Responsibility (Braunau am Inn)
- Mauthausen Concentration Camp Memorial (Mauthausen)[10]
- Learning and memorial site Charlotte Taitl House (Ried im Innkreis)
- Memorial against war and fascism (Vienna)
- Pogrom Monument
- Memorial to the Jews of Zelem
- Memorial Site Hartheim Castle (Alkoven)
Belgium
- Kazerne Dossin: Memorial, Museum and Documentation Centre on Holocaust and Human Rights (Mechelen)[11]
- National Monument to the Jewish Martyrs of Belgium (Anderlecht, Brussels)[12]
Brazil
- Holocaust victims memorial at Rio de Janeiro – Cemitério Israelita do Caju (sephardic) – inaugurated in September 1975
- Holocaust victims memorial at Salvador – Cemitério Israelita da Bahia – inaugurated in 2007
- Holocaust Museum in Curitiba – inaugurated in 2011 (Paraná)
- Memorial of Jewish Immigration and of the Holocaust, São Paulo[13] – 2011[14]
Bulgaria
- Jewish Historical Museum (Sofia)[15]
- Dimitar Peshev Museum (Kyustendil)[16][17]
- Monument of Gratitude (Plovdiv)[18]
Canada
- Holocaust Memorial sculpture (Edmonton, Alberta)[19]
- Sarah and Chaim Neuberger Holocaust Education Centre (Toronto)[20]
- The Vancouver Holocaust Education Centre (Vancouver, British Columbia)[21]
- Montreal Holocaust Museum
- Ottawa National Holocaust Monument
China (People's Republic of China)
- Hong Kong Holocaust and Tolerance Centre (Hong Kong)[22]
- Shanghai Jewish Refugees Museum[23]
- "Wall of Shanghai List" and Holocaust Memorial statue (Shanghai)[24]
Croatia
Cuba
- Holocaust Memorial Santa Clara[25]
- Sephardic Center Holocaust Exhibit (Havana)[26]
Czech Republic
- Holocaust memorial (Valašské Meziříčí)
- Pinkas Synagogue/Old Jewish Cemetery (Prague)
- The Memorial of Silence [27] (Praha–Bubny railway station)
- Theresienstadt concentration camp (Terezín)
- The Memorial to the Holocaust of the Roma and Sinti in Moravia (Hodonín u Kunštátu)
- The Memorial to the Holocaust of the Roma and Sinti in Bohemia (Lety u Písku)
Ecuador
- Casa Museo Trude Sojka (in memory of a Holocaust survivor and artist)[28]
Estonia
- Holocaust memorial at the site of Klooga concentration camp (Klooga)
- Memorial at the site of Kalevi-Liiva (Jägala)
France
- Maison d'Izieu mémorial des enfants juifs exterminés,[29] Izieu[30]
- Centre de la mémoire d'Oradour, Oradour-sur-Glane[31]
- Holocaust museum[32] at Drancy internment camp (Mémorial de la Shoah de Drancy)[33]
- Center of Contemporary Jewish Documentation (Paris)
- Mémorial de la Shoah (Paris)
- Mémorial des Martyrs de la Déportation (Paris)
- Memorial to the patients of the Clermont psychiatric ward[34][35]
- Memorial at Gurs internment camp[36]
- Royallieu-Compiègne internment camp memorial[37]
- Camp des Milles memorial (Aix-en-Provence)[38]
- Vélodrome d’Hiver memorial (Paris)[39]
- Memorial Museum to the Children of Vel d'Hiv (Orléans)[40]
- European Centre of Deported Resistance Members and Struthof Museum at the former Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp[41]
Germany
- House of the Wannsee Conference
- Jewish Museum Berlin
- Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe (Berlin)
- Memorial to the Homosexuals Persecuted under the National Socialist Regime (Berlin)
- Memorial to the Sinti and Roma Victims of National Socialism (Berlin)
- Französische Kapelle (Soest)
- Memorial to the Victims of National Socialist 'Euthanasia' Killings (German: Gedenk- und Informationsort für die Opfer der nationalsozialistischen »Euthanasie«-Morde)[42][lower-alpha 1]
- Stolperstein – Holocaust memorials all over Germany and in 21 further European countries
- Topf & Söhne – Builders of the Auschwitz Ovens. Museum and Place of Remembrance (Erfurt)
- European Holocaust Memorial (Landsberg am Lech)[45]
- Dachau Concentration Camp Memorial Site
- Nordenstadt Memorial
- Wollheim Memorial
- Eckerwald Memorial
- KZ-Transport 1945 Memorial
- Angel of Peace (Mannheim)
- Freight Wagon Memorial
- Forced Laborer Memorial Transit, Nuremberg
- European Holocaust Memorial in Landsberg
- Memorial Neuer Börneplatz
- Concentration Camp Memorial Hailfingen-Tailfingen
- Documentation Centre NS Forced Labor
- Memorial in memory of the burning of books, Berlin
- Memorial at the Frankfurt Grossmarkthalle
- Jewish Cemetery (Anklam)
- "Dejudaization Institute" Memorial (Eisenach)
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Hanover
Greece
- The Athens Holocaust Memorial, outside the archaeological site of Kerameikos (Athens)[46]
- Cemetery and Monument for the Victims of the Holocaust – 3rd Cemetery of Athens, Nikea (Piraeus)
- Monument to Young Jews (in memory of young Jews murdered in the Holocaust) – Pafos Square, Athens
- Jewish Museum of Greece – Shoah Exhibit[47] (Athens)
- Jewish Museum of Thessaloniki – Shoah Exhibit[48] (Thessaloniki, Central Macedonia)
- Holocaust Museum of Greece,[49] Thessaloniki (under construction)
- Monument of the Victims of the Holocaust in the Jewish Martyrs square[50] (Rhodes)
- Rhodes Jewish Museum[51]
- Holocaust Memorial of Corfu (New Fortress Square, Corfu)
Hungary
- Holocaust Memorial Center, Budapest[52]
- Dohány Street Synagogue, Budapest
- Shoes on the Danube Bank, Budapest
- Emanuel Tree in Dohány Street Synagogue, Budapest[53]
Israel
- Yad Vashem, the Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority (Jerusalem)
- Beit Terezin (in Kibbutz Givat Haim (Ihud))
- Ghetto Fighters' House (Kibbutz Lohamei HaGeta'ot)[56]
- Massuah Institute for the Study of the Holocaust (Kibbutz Tel Yitzhak)
- From Holocaust to Revival Museum (Kibbutz Yad Mordechai)[57]
- Kiryat Białystok Archive and Community Center (Yehud)
- Chamber of the Holocaust (Mount Zion, Jerusalem)
- Ani Ma'amin Holocaust Museum (Jerusalem)
- Forest of the Martyrs (Jerusalem)
- LGBT Memorial to LGBT people persecuted by the Nazis (Tel Aviv)[58]
- The sculpture garden of Holocaust to resurrection (Karmiel)
- Memorial to the Deportation of Jews from France
- Monument to the children in Yad Vashem (Jerusalem)
- Holocaust and Revival Memorial Sculpture, by Igael Tumarkin (Rabin Square, Tel Aviv)
- Anne Frank Children's Human Rights Memorial, Maaleh Adumim[59]
Italy
- Memoriale della Shoah (Milan)
- Museo della Deportazione (Prato)
- Shoah Museum (Rome)
- Museo Diffuso della Resistenza Torino (Torino)
- Museum of Italian Judaism and the Shoah (Ferrara)
- Museo della Deportazione
- Great Synagogue of Rome (Rome)
- Museo Ebraico di Roma (Rome)
Japan
- Holocaust Education Center (Fukuyuma)[60]
- Tokyo Holocaust Education Resource Center (Tokyo)
- Anne's Rose Church (Nishinomiya, Hyogo)[61]
- Port of Humanity Tsuruga Museum (Tsuruga, Fukui)
- Chiune Sugihara Memorial Hall
- Auschwitz Peace Museum (Shirakawa, Fukushima)[62]
Latvia
- Memorial complex at Rumbula
- Memorial complex at Salaspils
- Museum of Tolerance at the site of Kaiserwald
- Museum "Jews in Latvia"
- Riga ghetto and holocaust in Latvia museum
Lithuania
- Holocaust Exhibition at the Vilna Gaon Jewish State Museum (Vilnius)[63]
- Ponary Massacre Memorial (Paneriai)[64]
- Holocaust Memorial in (Šeduva)[65]
- Ninth Fort Museum and Ninth Fort memorial (Kaunas)[66]
- Sugihara House (Kaunas)[67]
- The Green House Holocaust Museum (Vilnius)[68]
Luxembourg
Mexico
- The Tuvia Maizel Holocaust Museum,[69] (Mexico City)
Netherlands
Amsterdam
- The Anne Frank House, Amsterdam.
- The Auschwitz Monument by Jan Wolkers in the Wertheim Park, Amsterdam.
- The Dockworker Monument, Amsterdam.[70]
- The Hollandsche Schouwburg (Amsterdam).[71]
- The Homomonument, Amsterdam.
- The Joods Historisch Museum, Amsterdam.
- Joods Monument (translated name: Jewish Monument, a memorial website).[72]
- National Holocaust Names Memorial (Holocaust Namenmonument) in Jodenbuurt neighborhood of Amsterdam
Utrecht and Vught
- Camp Vught National Memorial at Herzogenbusch concentration camp.[73]
- Joods monument (translated name: Jewish Monument) displaying 1200 names near the Railway Museum (former Maliebaan Railway Station), Utrecht.
Westerbork
- The Westerbork camp and information centre (Westerbork).[74]
- 102,000 Stones Monument (Dutch: De 102.000 stenen) at the former Westerbork transit camp (Dutch: Kamp Westerbork) in Hooghalen, Drenthe, with a stone without a name for each victim.[75]
New Zealand
- The Holocaust Centre of New Zealand (HCNZ)
- Auckland War Memorial Museum
North Macedonia
Norway
- Center for Studies of Holocaust and Religious Minorities (Oslo)
Philippines
Poland
- The Monument to the Ghetto Heroes, Warsaw.
- Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum, (Oświęcim)
- The Oświęcim Synagogue (Oświęcim)
- Bełżec extermination camp (Bełżec)
- Ghetto Heroes Monument (Warsaw)[77]
- POLIN Museum of the History of Polish Jews, (Warsaw)
- Warsaw Ghetto Museum (Warsaw)
- Eagle Pharmacy, (Kraków)
- Lublin Holocaust Memorial
- Radegast train station (Łódź)
- Survivors' Park, (Łódź)
- Treblinka extermination camp, Treblinka
- Monument to the Memory of Children - Victims of the Holocaust
- Umschlagplatz Monument, Warsaw
- Memorial in Palmiry
- Museum and Memorial in Sobibór[78]
Portugal
Romania
- Holocaust Memorial,[79] Bucharest.
- Elie Wiesel Memorial House, Sighetu Marmației[80]
- Memorial to the Victims of the 1941 Pogrom, Bucharest[81]
- Holocaust Memorial, Târgu Mures[82]
- Northern Transylvania Holocaust Memorial Museum,[83] Şimleu Silvaniei.
- Memorial to the Deported Jews,[84] Oradea.
Russia
- Holocaust Memorial Synagogue, Moscow.
- Russian Research and Educational Holocaust Center,[85] Moscow.
- Formula of Sorrow monument,[86][87] Pushkin, Saint Petersburg.
- Memorial plaque to Jewish deportees from Königsberg and East Prussia,[88] Kaliningrad North Railway Station.
- Memorial to the Victims of Fascism,[89] Krasnodar.
- Mass murder site monument,[90] Lyubavichi.
- Ravine of Death memorial stone,[91] Taganrog.
- Palmnicken massacre monument,[92][93] Yantarny, Kaliningrad.
- Monument at Vostryakovo Jewish Cemetery,[94] Moscow.
- Zmievskaya Balka memorial,[95] Rostov-on-Don.
Serbia
- Menorah in Flames sculpture (Belgrade)[96]
- Memorial Park Jajinci (Belgrade)
- Banjica concentration camp (Belgrade)
- Jewish Historical Museum (Belgrade)[97]
- Belgrade Museum of Genocide Victims[98]
- Miklós Radnóti memorial (Bor)[99]
- Kladovo transport memorial[100]
- Šumarice Genocide Memorial Park (Kragujevac)[101][102]
- Monument to the victims of the Novi Sad raid[103]
- Bubanj Memorial Park (Niš)
- Crveni Krst concentration camp (Niš)
Slovakia
- Memorial at the Museum of the Slovak National Uprising (Banská Bystrica)[104]
- Holocaust Memorial (Bratislava)[105][106]
- Museum of Jewish Culture (Bratislava)[107][108]
- Holocaust memorial for the Jewish inhabitants of Huncovce[109]
- Holocaust memorial plaque on the synagogue of Košice[110]
- Monument and Memorial to the Slovak National Uprising (Nemecká)[111]
- Memorial to the Victims of the Nováky Forced Labor and Concentration Camp[112]
- Memorial Plaque to the Deported Jews at Poprad Railway Station[113]
- Holocaust Memorial at Prešov synagogue[114]
- Holocaust memorial plaque Prešov town hall[115]
- Sereď Holocaust Museum[116]
- Park of Generous Souls[117]
South Africa
- The Cape Town Holocaust Centre (Cape Town)[119]
- The Durban Holocaust Centre (Durban)[120]
- The Johannesburg Holocaust And Genocide Centre (Johannesburg)[121]
- Memorial to the Six Million at Westpark Cemetery (Johannesburg)[122]
Spain
- Monument to the Victims of the Holocaust (Madrid)[123]
- Monument to the Victims of the Mauthausen Concentration Camp (Almería)[124]
Sweden
- Swedish Holocaust Museum (Stockholm)
- Monument to the Memory of the Holocaust Victims at the Great Synagogue of Stockholm (Stockholm)[126]
- Storsjöteatern theatre (Östersund)[127]
Ukraine
- "Wailing Wall" for the murdered Jews of Bakhmut[129]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Chernihiv[130]
- Memorial to the Roma murdered in the Podusovka forest, near Chernihiv[130]
- Babi Yar Holocaust Memorial Center, Kyiv
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Kovel at the Bakhiv forest mass murder site.[131][132][133]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Kysylyn at the mass grave site[134]
- Memorials to the murdered Jews of Lutsk[135]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Mariupol[136]
- Memorial to the Jews of Mukachevo[137]
- Holocaust Museum in Odesa[138][139]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Ostrozhets[140]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Pryluky[141]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Ratne at the mass graves site[142][143]
- Memorial site for the murdered Jews of Ostrozhets[144]
- Memorial to the murdered Jews of Rava-Ruska[145][146]
- Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Zhytomyr[147][148]
United Kingdom
- Beth Shalom Holocaust Centre (National Holocaust Centre and Museum), Nottingham
- Plaque in the churchyard of the Church of St Michael the Greater, Stamford, Lincolnshire
- Holocaust Centre North, Huddersfield
- Hyde Park Holocaust Memorial, Hyde Park, London
- Holocaust Exhibition, Imperial War Museum, London
- Wiener Library for the Study of the Holocaust and Genocide, London
- (Proposed) UK Holocaust Memorial, London
United States
Uzbekistan
Victory Park, [Tashkent] monument[150] unveiled in May 2022 to honour Uzbeks who assisted Jewish refugees during World War II. It is sculpted by Victory Park. It was created by Uzbeki [Marina Borodina].
The monument is located in the city's Victory Park
See also
- Association of Holocaust Organizations – 1985 co-ordination and support nonprofit
- Culture of Remembrance – Interaction of a group with their past
- Holocaust museum (disambiguation)
- Holocaust victims – People who died because of the Holocaust
- List of Armenian genocide memorials – Armenian genocide memorials
- List of Holodomor memorials and museums – For the great famine of 1932/33 in the Soviet Ukraine
- List of Holocaust memorials and museums in the United States
- List of Jewish museums
Notes
- The German national memorial to the people with disabilities systematically murdered by the Nazis was dedicated in 2014 in Berlin.[43][44] It is located in Berlin in a site next to the Tiergarten park, which is the former location of a villa at Tiergartenstrasse 4 where more than 60 Nazi bureaucrats and doctors worked in secret under the "T4" program to organize the mass murder of sanatorium and psychiatric hospital patients deemed unworthy to live.[44]
References
- Semini, Llazar (9 July 2020). "Albania, only country with more Jews after the Holocaust, inaugurates memorial". The Times of Israel.
- Dolsten, Josefin (22 August 2020). "Holocaust survivor architect designs memorial for Albanians who rescued Jews". The Times of Israel.
- "museodelholocausto.org.ar". museodelholocausto.org.ar. Retrieved 21 April 2015.
- Hormigón y objetos rotos para no olvidar a las víctimas del Holocausto, por Susana Reinoso Clarín (Argentine newspaper), 3 April 2015.
- "Jewish Holocaust Centre". Jewish Holocaust Centre. Retrieved 14 October 2012.
- "Holocaust Memorial". Leo Baeck Centre for Progressive Judaism. 30 March 2015. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- "Jewish Victims of the Holocaust". Monument Australia. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- "Sydney Jewish Museum – Memorials". Sydney Jewish Museum. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- "Holocaust- und Toleranzzentrum Steiermark (Holocaust and Tolerance Center Styria)". Holocaust- und Toleranzzentrum Stmk. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- "Mauthausen-memorial.at". Mauthausen-memorial.at. Retrieved 14 October 2012.
- "Kazerne Dossin". Kazerne Dossin: Museum, Memorial and Documentation Centre on Holocaust and Human Rights. Retrieved 14 February 2020.
- "National Monument to the Jewish Martyrs of Belgium". Gedenkstättenportal zu Orten der Erinnerung in Europa. Retrieved 7 February 2019.
- "Memorial da Imigração Judaica e do Holocausto". Retrieved 3 June 2022.
- Lott, Diana (19 November 2017). "First Holocaust Museum to be Inaugurated in São Paulo". Folha de S.Paulo. Retrieved 23 January 2019.
- "Jewish Historical Museum". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 31 July 2019.
- "Dimitar Peshev Museum". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 31 July 2019.
- "House-Museum "Dimiter Peshev"". Regional Historical Museum. Retrieved 31 July 2019.
- "Monument of Gratitude". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 31 July 2019.
- "Yom HaShoah: Holocaust Remembrance Day commemorated in Edmonton". Edmonton Jewish News. 6 May 2016. Retrieved 24 May 2016.
- "Home – Sarah and Chaim Neuberger – Holocaust Education Centre – UJA Federation of Greater Toronto". www.holocaustcentre.com. Retrieved 18 March 2018.
- "VHEC.org". VHEC.org. Retrieved 14 October 2012.
- "Hong Kong Holocaust and Tolerance Centre (香港大屠杀和宽容中心)". Hong Kong Holocaust and Tolerance Centre. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- "Shanghai Jewish Museum – Overview". Shanghai Jewish Refugees Museum (上海犹太难民纪念馆). Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- ""The Wall of Shanghai List" unveiled". Shanghai Jewish Refugees Museum. Archived from the original on 6 October 2014. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- Luxner, Larry (3 May 2004). "Polish stone for Cuba's Shoah memorial". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. Retrieved 24 January 2019.
- "Cuba's First Holocaust Exhibit Opens at the Sephardic Center in Havana". USC Press Room. 21 December 2011. Retrieved 24 January 2019.
- "The Memorial of Silence".
- www.trudesojka.museum
- "Homepage". Maison d'Izieu. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
- izieu.alma.fr Archived 2010-12-03 at the Wayback Machine
- "Centre de la mĂŠmoire d'Oradour". Oradour.org. Archived from the original on 21 February 2011. Retrieved 14 October 2012.
- "The Shoah Memorial in Drancy". Retrieved 24 November 2022.
- "The Shoah Memorial in Drancy". Mémorial de la Shoah. 2016. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
- "Centre Hospitalier Isarien: Histoire: La guerre 39-45". Centre Hospitalier Isarien (in French). Retrieved 19 June 2020.
- "Memorial to the patients of the Clermont psychiatric ward: Remembrance". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- "Accueil - Gurs". Camp de Gurs (in French). Retrieved 21 June 2020.
- "Présentation: Inauguration du Mémorial de l'internement et de la déportation". Mémorial de l'internement et de la déportation Camp de Royallieu (in French). 16 February 2016. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
- "Les Milles Camp Memorial: Remembrance". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
- "Vélodrome d'Hiver: Remembrance". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- "CERCIL – Study and Research Centre on the Internment Camps in Loiret: Remembrance". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
- "Natzweiler-Struthof Museum and European Centre of Deported Resistance Members". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
- "Memorial and Information Point for the Victims of National Socialist "Euthanasia" Killings". Foundation Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Europe. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- ABC News. "International News – World News – ABC News". ABC News.
- "Berlin Dedicates Holocaust Memorial for Disabled – Global Agenda – News". Arutz Sheva. 2 September 2014.
- "Landsberg im 20. Jahrhundert: Europäische Holocaustgedenkstätte". www.buergervereinigung-landsberg.org. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
- Smith, Helena (9 May 2010). "Athens unveils its first Holocaust memorial". The Guardian. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- "The Jewish Museum of Greece". Archived from the original on 7 September 2015. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- "Jewish Museum of Thessaloniki". Archived from the original on 25 January 2016. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- "THMM". www.holocausteducenter.gr. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
- "The History of the Jewish Community of Rhodes". Jewish Community of Rhodes. Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- "Jewish Museum of Rhodes". Retrieved 4 February 2016.
- "HDKA.hu". Hdke.hu. Retrieved 14 October 2012.
- "dohany-zsinagoga.hu". Retrieved 25 October 2022.
- "Opening of Indonesian Holocaust Museum Met With Islamist Backlash". thediplomat.com. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
- "Melihat Museum Holocaust di Sulut yang Keberadaannya Ramai Ditentang (Visiting a Holocaust museum at North Sulawesi whose its existence were opposed)". Detik.com. 5 February 2022. Retrieved 7 February 2022.
- "Ghetto Fighters' House Museum".
- "From Holocaust to Revival Museum". Yad- Mordechai Museum.
- "Israel city unveils gay Holocaust victims memorial - Houston Chronicle". www.chron.com. Archived from the original on 11 January 2014.
- "The Anne Frank Children's Human Rights Memorial".
- "Holocaust Education Center, Japan". urban.ne.jp. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- "アンネのバラの教会". アンネのバラの教会. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
- Auschwitz Peace Museum Archived 23 February 2019 at the Wayback Machine Retrieved 2 March 2019.
- "Holocaust Exhibition". Vilna Gaon State Jewish Museum.
- "Paneriai Memorial". Vilna Gaon State Jewish Museum.
- "New Holocaust Memorial in Šeduva, Lithuania". Jewish Heritage Europe. June 2015.
- "Kauno IX forto muziejus".
- "Sugihara House".
- "The Green House Holocaust Museum, Vilnius".
- "CDMX". Retrieved 24 November 2022.
- "The Dock Worker Monument: Remberance". Gedenkstättenportal zu Orten der Erinnerung in Europa..
- "Hollandsche Schouwburg: Remembrance". Gedenkstättenportal zu Orten der Erinnerung in Europa.
- "Joods Monument". Joods Monument. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
- "Nationaal Monument Kamp Vught". Camp Vught National Memorial.
- "The National Westerbork Memorial". Herinneringscentrum Kamp Westerbork.
- "Hooghalen, 'De 102.000 stenen'". 4en5mei.nl (in Dutch). Nationaal Comité 4 en 5 mei (National Committee for 4 and 5 May. Retrieved 25 April 2023.
- "Philippine-Israel Friendship Park unveiled". Embassy of Israel in the Philippines. 19 August 2019. Retrieved 28 May 2019.
- "Ghetto Heroes Memorial: Remembrance". Gedenkstättenportal zu Orten der Erinnerung in Europa.
- "Museum of the Former Death Camp in Sobibór". Muzeum Byłego Obozu Zagłady w Sobiborze. Retrieved 5 January 2021.
- "Bucharest: Holocaust Memorial". Gedenkstättenportal zu Orten der Erinnerung in Europa. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 8 March 2019.
- "Elie Wiesel Memorial House". Gedenkstättenportal zu Orten der Erinnerung in Europa. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 8 March 2019.
- "Memorial to the Victims of the 1941 Pogrom, Bucharest". Gedenkstättenportal zu Orten der Erinnerung in Europa. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 8 March 2019.
- "Holocaust Memorial in Târgu Mures". Gedenkstättenportal zu Orten der Erinnerung in Europa. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 8 March 2019.
- "Dedicatie". Muzeul Memorial al Holocaustului din Transilvania de Nord (in Romanian). Retrieved 8 March 2019.
- "Oradea's Monument to the Deportees is Renovated and Rededicated in a Special Ceremony". Oradea Jewish Community. 2008. Retrieved 8 March 2019.
- "Holocaust Center". Центр и Фонд Холокост (Holocaust Center and Foundation) (in Russian). Retrieved 15 March 2019.
- "Pushkin: Commemoration of Jewish Victims". The Untold Stories. The Murder Sites of the Jews in the Occupied Territories of the Former USSR. Jerusalem, Israel: Yad Vashem. Retrieved 18 July 2019.
- "Memorial "Formula of Sorrow"". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 18 July 2019.
- "Memorial Plaque to the Victims of the First Deportation from Königsberg". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 18 July 2019.
- "Memorial to the victims of fascism in Kranodar". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
- "Monument at the site where the Jews of Lyubavichi were shot". Holocaust Memorials. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Topographie des Terrors. Retrieved 22 July 2019.
- "Ravine of Death Memorial to the Jews of Taganrog". Holocaust Memorials. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Topographie des Terrors. Retrieved 21 July 2019.
- "Memorial to Holocaust Victims Opened in Kaliningrad". Guarant-InfoCentre. Retrieved 8 September 2012.
- "Holocaust Memorial in Yantarny (Palmnicken)". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 18 July 2019.
- "Monument at Vostryakovskoye Cemetery". Holocaust Memorials. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Topographie des Terrors. Retrieved 22 July 2019.
- "Zmievskaya Balka Memorial". Holocaust Rostov-on-Don August 1942.
- ""Menorah in Flames" Holocaust Memorial". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
- "Jewish Historical Museum of Belgrade". Holocaust Memorials. Retrieved 14 August 2019.
- "Museum of Genocide Victims". Belgrade. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
- "Memorial to the Poet Miklós Radnóti". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
- "Memorial to the Victims of the Kladovo-Transport". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
- "Memorial Park "October of Kragujevac"". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
- "The history (in English)". The Memorial Park October in Kragujevac. 2016. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
- "Memorial to the Victims of the Massacre at Novi Sad". Information Portal to European Sites of Rememerance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 11 August 2019.
- "Memorial at the Cemetery of the Murdered After the Suppression of the Slovak National Uprising". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
- "Holocaust Memorial Bratislava". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
- "Holocaust memorial". Jewish Bratislava. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
- "Museum of Jewish Culture in Bratislava". Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
- "Museum of Jewish Culture: About the museum". Slovak National Museum. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
- "V Huncovciach odhalili pamätník obetiam holokaustu" [Memorial to the victims of the Holocaust is unveiled in Huncovce]. Podtatranské noviny (in Slovak). Retrieved 20 October 2019.
- "Memorial plaque in the synagogue of Košice". Holocaust Memorials: Monuments, Museums and Institutions in Commemoration of Nazi Victims. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Topographie des Terrors. Retrieved 20 October 2019.
- "Memorial to the Slovak National Uprising". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
- "Memorial Plaque to the Victims of the Nováky Forced Labour and Concentration Camp". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 18 October 2019.
- "Memorial Plaque to the Deported Jews at Poprad Railway Station". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 20 October 2019.
- "Prešov Monument and Museum of Jewish Culture". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 20 October 2019.
- "Memorial plaque in Prešov Town Hall". Holocaust Memorials: Monuments, Museums and Institutions in Commemoration of Nazi Victims. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Topographie des Terrors. Retrieved 20 October 2019.
- "Sereď Holocaust Museum". Slovak National Museum. Retrieved 14 August 2019.
- "Zvolen – The Park of Generous Souls". Slovak Jewish Heritage. Retrieved 10 April 2021.
- "Loibl Süd Concentration Camp Memorial". Holocaust Memorials: Monuments, Museums and Institutions in Commemoration of Nazi Victims. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Topographie des Terrors. Retrieved 20 October 2019.
- "CTholocaust.co.za". CTholocaust.co.za. 12 September 2012. Retrieved 14 October 2012.
- "Our Centre – Durban Holocaust Centre". Ctholocaust.co.za. Retrieved 14 October 2012.
- "Johannesburg Holocaust & Genocide Centre". jhbholocaust.co.za. Retrieved 29 May 2017.
- "Memorial to the Six Million in Johannesburg, South Africa, 1959, 1995". Center for Jewish Art.
- "Memorial for the victims of the Holocaust". Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
- "Monumento a las víctimas del campo del Mauthausen (Almería)". Junta de Andalucía. Retrieved 25 May 2017.
- "70 years after the Holocaust, a Surinamese memorial for Caribbean victims | the Times of Israel". The Times of Israel.
- Ghiuzeli, Haim F. "The Great Synagogue of Stockholm". The Museum of the Jewish People at Beit Hatfutsot. Retrieved 5 February 2016.
- "Storsjöteatern". www.ostersund.se. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
- "Taiwan Holocaust Museum (Che Lu Chien Church)(臺灣Holocaust和平紀念館(車路墘教會))". Tainan Travel. Retrieved 10 January 2020.
- ""Wailing Wall" for the murdered Jews of Bakhmut: Remembrance". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- "Memorial to the murdered Jews of Chernihiv". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- "Kowel: Commemoration of Jewish Victims". The Untold Stories. The Murder Sites of the Jews in the Occupied Territories of the Former USSR. Yad Vashem. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
- "Bakhiv (Kovel)". Preserving and Memorializing the Holocaust Mass Graves of Eastern Europe. Protecting Memory. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
- "Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Kovel". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
- "Kysylyn". Preserving and Memorializing the Holocaust Mass Graves of Eastern Europe. Protecting Memory. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- "Memorials to the murdered Jews of Lutsk". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 15 February 2019.
- "Memorial to the murdered Jews of Mariupol". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
- "Memorial to the Jews of Mukacheve: Remembrance". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- "Holocaust Museum". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 18 June 2020.
- "История открытия музея |Холокост" [History of the Holocaust museum opening]. Odesa Regional Association of Jews - Former Ghetto Prisoners and Concentration Camps (in Ukrainian). 13 October 2013. Retrieved 19 June 2020.
- "Ostrozhets". Preserving and Memorializing the Holocaust Mass Graves of Eastern Europe. Protecting Memory. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
- "Memorial to the murdered Jews of Pryluky". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 15 February 2019.
- "Ratno: Commemoration of Jewish Victims". The Untold Stories. The Murder Sites of the Jews in the Occupied Territories of the Former USSR. Jerusalem, Israel: Yad Vashem. Retrieved 23 October 2019.
- "Prokhid". Preserving and Memorializing the Holocaust Mass Graves of Eastern Europe. Protecting Memory. Retrieved 24 October 2019.
- "Ostrozhets". Preserving and Memorializing the Holocaust Mass Graves of Eastern Europe. Protecting Memory. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- "Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Rava-Ruska". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 28 October 2019.
- "Rava-Ruska". Preserving and Memorializing the Holocaust Mass Graves of Eastern Europe. Protecting Memory. Retrieved 3 February 2020.
- "Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Schitomir". Holocaust Memorials: Monuments, Museums and Institutions in Commemoration of Nazi Victims. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Topographie des Terrors. Retrieved 27 February 2020.
- "Memorial to the Murdered Jews of Zhytomyr". Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance. Berlin, Germany: Stiftung Denkmal für die ermordeten Juden Europas. Retrieved 15 February 2019.
- "Memorial del Holocausto del Pueblo Judío" (in Spanish). Intendencia de Montevideo. Archived from the original on 22 July 2013. Retrieved 18 April 2013.
- Holt, Faygie (1 June 2022). "New monument in Tashkent spotlights Uzbek role in saving Jews during Holocaust". JNS.org. Retrieved 24 November 2022.
Further reading
- Young, James. E (1993). The texture of memory: Holocaust memorials and meaning. New Haven: Yale University Press. ISBN 9780300059915.
External links
- Holocaust Memorials — by continents and countries
- Information Portal to European Sites of Remembrance
- Global Directory of Holocaust Museums
- Holocaust Memorial Monuments — digital database
- Memorial sites for Sinti and Roma (in German)
- Remembering the Holocaust 24 Hour Museum
- Monuments and Memorials — historical overview
- National Holocaust Memorials — comparison