Hereditary Prince of Portugal

Hereditary Prince of Portugal (Portuguese: Príncipe Herdeiro de Portugal), unofficially Prince of Portugal (Príncipe Herdeiro de Portugal), or Princess of Portugal, was the title held by the heirs apparent and heirs presumptive to the Kingdom of Portugal, from 1433 to 1645.

For the title given to all children of the Portuguese monarch, see Infante of Portugal
Coat of arms (1433—1645)

The title differs from the title Infante of Portugal, which is the title given to all children of the monarch except the first in the line of succession, and is often translated into English as "prince".

History

Due to English tradition introduced to the Portuguese court by Philippa of Lancaster, her son King Edward sought to create a princely title for the heir apparent, much like the Prince of Wales, to distinguish him from his siblings, who were infantes. Until that time, the heir apparent was also titled infante.

In 1433 Edward granted the title of Prince of Portugal to his eldest son, the future King Afonso V. The monarchies of Castile, Aragon and England already had princely titles for their heirs apparent and now Portugal had one, so that foreign powers would not underestimate the prestige of the kingdom.

In 1645, the title was replaced with Prince of Brazil.

List of holders
Name Lifespan Tenure Notes Parents Portrait Heir To
Afonso 15 January 1432 – 28 August 1481 1433 – 13 September 1438 Later:
King Afonso V of Portugal and the Algarves		 Edward of Portugal
Eleanor of Aragon		 Edward
Ferdinand 17 November 1433 - 18 September 1470 (1st Time)
13 September 1438 – 29 January 1451
(2nd Time)
1451 – 6 February 1452		 Also:
Duke of Beja and Duke of Viseu		 Edward of Portugal
Eleanor of Aragon		 Afonso V
John 29 January 1451 – 1451 29 January 1451 – 1451 Premature death Afonso V of Portugal
Isabella of Coimbra
Joanna 6 February 1452 – 12 May 1490 6 February 1452 – 3 March 1455 Also:
Saint Princess Joanna of Portugal		 Afonso V of Portugal
Isabella of Coimbra
John 3 March 1455 – 25 October 1495 (1st Time)
3 March 1455 – 11 November 1477
(2nd Time)
15 November 1477 – 28 August 1481		 Later:
King John II of Portugal and the Algarves		 Afonso V of Portugal
Isabella of Coimbra
Afonso 18 May 1475 – 13 July 1491 (1st Time)
11 November 1477 – 15 November 1477
(2nd Time)
28 August 1481 – 13 July 1491		 Premature death John II of Portugal
Eleanor of Viseu		 John II
Manuel 31 May 1469 – 13 December 1521 13 July 1491 – 25 October 1495 Later:
King Manuel I of Portugal and the Algarves		 Ferdinand, Duke of Viseu
Beatrice of Portugal
Miguel da Paz 23 August 1498 – 19 July 1500 23 August 1498 – 19 July 1500 Premature death Manuel I of Portugal
Isabella of Aragon		 Manuel I
John 7 June 1502 – 11 June 1557 7 June 1502 – 13 December 1521 Later:
King João III of Portugal and the Algarves		 Manuel I of Portugal
Maria of Aragon
Louis 3 March 1506 – 27 November 1555 (1st time)
13 December 1521 – 24 February 1526
(2nd time)
12 April 1526 – 15 October 1527		 Also:
Duke of Beja		 Manuel I of Portugal
Maria of Aragon		 John III
Afonso 24 February 1526 – 12 April 1526 24 February 1526 – 12 April 1526 Premature death John III of Portugal
Catherine of Austria
Maria Manuela 15 October 1527 – 12 August 1545 15 October 1527 – 11 November 1531 Also:
Maria Manuela, Princess of Asturias		 John III of Portugal
Catherine of Austria
Manuel 11 November 1531 – 14 April 1537 11 November 1531 – 14 April 1537 Premature death John III of Portugal
Catherine of Austria
Philip 25 March 1533 – 29 April 1539 14 April 1537 – 29 April 1539 Premature death John III of Portugal
Catherine of Austria
João Manuel 3 June 1537 – 2 January 1554 29 April 1539 – 2 January 1554 Premature death John III of Portugal
Catherine of Austria
Sebastian 20 January 1554 – 4 August 1578 20 January 1554 – 11 June 1557 Later:
King Sebastian of Portugal and the Algarves		 John Manuel, Prince of Portugal
Joanna of Austria
Diego 15 August 1575 – 21 November 1582 25 March 1581 – 21 November 1582 Premature death Philip I of Portugal
Anna of Austria		 Philip I
Philip 14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621 21 November 1582 – 13 September 1598 Later:
King Philip II of Portugal and the Algarves		 Philip I of Portugal
Anna of Austria
Anne 22 September 1601 – 20 January 1666 22 September 1601 – 8 April 1605 Also:
Queen Anne of France and Navarre		 Philip II of Portugal
Margaret of Austria		 Philip II
Philip 8 April 1605 – 17 September 1665 8 April 1605 – 31 March 1621 Later:
King Philip III of Portugal and the Algarves		 Philip II of Portugal
Margaret of Austria
Balthasar Charles 17 October 1629 – 9 October 1646 8 April 1605 – 1 December 1640 House deposed Philip III of Portugal
Elisabeth of France		 Philip III
Theodosius 17 October 1629 – 9 October 1646 8 April 1605 – 27 October 1645 Title change John IV of Portugal
Luisa de Guzmán		 John IV

See also
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