Grammeme

A grammeme in linguistics is a unit of grammar,[1] just as a lexeme is a lexical unit and a morpheme is a morphological unit. (See emic unit.)

Grammatical features
Related to nouns Animacy Case Dative construction Dative shift Quirky subject Classifier Measure word Construct state Countability Count noun Mass noun Collective noun Definiteness Gender Genitive construction Possession Suffixaufnahme (case stacking) Noun class Number Singular Dual Plural Singulative-Collective-Plurative Specificity Universal grinder
Related to verbs Associated motion Clusivity Conjugation Evidentiality Modality Person Telicity Mirativity Tense–aspect–mood Grammatical aspect Lexical aspect (Aktionsart) Mood Tense Voice
General features Affect Boundedness Comparison (degree) Pluractionality (verbal number) Honorifics (politeness) Polarity Reciprocity Reflexive pronoun Reflexive verb
Syntax relationships Argument Transitivity Valency Branching Serial verb construction Traditional grammar Predicate Subject Object Adjunct Predicative
Semantics Contrast Mirativity Thematic relation Agent Patient Topic and Comment Focus Volition Veridicality
Phenomena Agreement Polypersonal agreement Declension Empty category Incorporation Inflection Markedness

More specifically, a grammeme is a value of a grammatical category.[2] For example, singular and plural are grammemes of the category of number.

Grammeme, earlier spelt grameme, was the original term used by Pike's school for what they went on to call the tagmeme.[3]

References

Pike, Kenneth L. (Spring 1957). "Grammemic Theory". General Linguistics. 2 (2): 35. Retrieved 25 March 2022.
"Recent advances in computational linguistics". Retrieved 2011-08-13.
Pike, K.L. (1958), "On tagmemes, née gramemes", International Journal of American Linguistics 24(4):273ff.

Further reading

Lareau, François. "2 The notions of grammeme and grammatical unit." Igor Boguslavsky and Leo Wanner (eds.): 146.

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