German Radical Party
The German Radical Party (German: Deutschradicale Partei), until 1907 the All-German Free Party (Freialldeutsche Partei), was a German nationalist political party in Austria-Hungary, active mainly in Bohemia.
German Radical Party Deutschradicale Partei | |
|---|---|
| Leader | Karl Hermann Wolf |
| Founded | 1902 |
| Dissolved | 1920 |
| Split from | Alldeutschen Vereinigung |
| Merged into | Greater German People's Party |
| Ideology | Pan-Germanism Austro-German nationalism Anti-slavic sentiment Anti-clericalism Moderate antisemitism Right-wing populism |
| Political position | Right-wing to Far-right |
| National affiliation | Deutscher Nationalverband |
History
After the Alldeutschen Vereinigung's electoral success in the Reichstag elections in 1901, there was a split between party leader Georg von Schönerer and the moderate Karl Hermann Wolf. Although von Schönerer placed racist and anti-Semitic ideology at the center of his politics and was strongly opposed to the Habsburg Monarchy and the Catholic Church, for Wolf and many other supporters of the Alldeutschen Vereinigung the German-Czech national conflict was the priority. In addition, there were personal disagreements between Wolf and von Schönerer. In 1902 Wolf finally broke away from the Alldeutschen Vereinigung and founded the All-German Free Party, in which he could count on the support of German-speaking followers from Bohemia, Moravia and Silesia, as well as some Alldeutschen Vereinigung deputies in the Reichstag. For example, five members of the Moravian Regional Assembly joined the new party.
While the All-German Free Party continued to represent a völkisch polity of German nationality, their anti-Semitic attitude was more relaxed, and the destruction of the Habsburg monarchy was no longer openly demanded. Rather, All-German Free Party saw itself as representing the interests of the German-speaking people in the Habsburg Monarchy, and therefore did not shy away from soliciting Jewish votes.
The All-German Free Party was always more successful in elections than the Alldeutschen Vereinigung and, together with the German Agrarian Party, became the strongest pan-Germanist party in Bohemia. Following the electoral success of the All-German Free Party in the 1907 Reichsrat elections, the party changed its name to the "German Radical Party" that same year. From 1910 he worked with other German national parties in the Reichsrat in the German National Association. In 1920 the German Radical Party finally merged with the Greater German People's Party.
References
- Philipp Rohrbach: Freialldeutsche Partei (Österreich). In: Wolfgang Benz (Hrsg.): Handbuch des Antisemitismus. Judenfeindschaft in Geschichte und Gegenwart. 5. Organizationen, Institutionen, Bewegungen. berlin u. to. 2012, S. 257 f.
- Adam Wandruszka, Peter Urbanitsch (Hrsg.): Die Habsburgermonarchie. 1848–1918. Band 8: Politische Öffentlichkeit und Zivilgesellschaft. Teilband 1: Vereine, Parteien und Interessenverbände als Träger der politischen Partizipation. Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften, Wien 2006, ISBN 3-7001-3540-8.