Gaza envelope

The Gaza envelope (Hebrew: עוטף עזה, Otef Aza) is the populated areas of Israel that are within 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) of the Gaza Strip border and are therefore within range of mortar shells and Qassam rockets launched from the Gaza Strip.[1] The region is populated by 70,000 Israeli citizens according to the Israeli Ministry of Interior.

A Merkava Mark IV tank patrols the Gaza border (February 2012)
The reach of the rockets from Gaza

History

Following the Israeli withdrawal from the Gaza Strip in 2005, there was an increase in cross-border shelling and rocket attacks into Israel.[2] Data collected by the Israeli Security Agency showed an increase in shelling from 401 shells in 2005 rising year-on-year to 2,048 in 2008 before falling back to 569 in 2009.[2] In response to the increase in shelling, in 2007 the Knesset passed the "Assistance to Sderot and the Western Negev (Temporary Provision) Law, 2007",[3] which recognized these communities (and additional communities in the area designated by the Minister of Finance's order[4]) as "Confrontation-line Communities" and gave them special privileges (temporarily, until the end of 2008). Additional legislative measures extended the validity of some of the benefits, with certain changes, until the end of 2014.[5] This area came to be known colloquially as the "Gaza envelope."

Gaza envelope communities

The following communities were included in the list of communities in southern confrontation line area, published by the Israel Tax Authority:[6]

See also

References
  1. Drory, Zeev; Lewin, Eyal; Ben-Ari, Eyal (2017). "Kibbutz under fire: Back to the days of sickle and bayonet". Israel Studies. Indiana University Press. 22 (2): 121–144. doi:10.2979/israelstudies.22.2.06. S2CID 152266326.
  2. Shechory Bitton, Mally; Laufer, Avital (2018). "Children's emotional and behavioral problems in the shadow of terrorism: The case of Israel". Children and Youth Services Review. Elsevier Ltd. 86 (86): 302–307. doi:10.1016/j.childyouth.2018.01.042.
  3. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-10-11. Retrieved 2013-02-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  4. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-12-07. Retrieved 2013-02-02.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  5. "הדף המבוקש אינו קיים". Hilan.co.il. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
  6. "Section A: A list of settlements whose residents are entitled to a tax break in the tax year 2012" (PDF). Israel Tax Authority. Retrieved 2017-08-11.
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