Fritillaria biflora var. ineziana

Fritillaria biflora var. ineziana, the Hillsborough chocolate lily, is a species of fritillary endemic to San Mateo County, California. It grows on serpentinite in cismontane woodland and valley and foothill grassland at elevations that range from 295 to 525 feet (90 to 160 meters) [2] It is typically found on serpentine soils, and it is defined as a "broad endemic" (5.4/6.2 affinity) where 85-94% of occurrences are expected to occur on ultramafic soils.[3]

Fritillaria biflora var. ineziana

Critically Imperiled  (NatureServe)[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Liliales
Family: Liliaceae
Subfamily: Lilioideae
Tribe: Lilieae
Genus: Fritillaria
Species:
F. biflora
Variety:
F. b. var. ineziana
Trinomial name
Fritillaria biflora var. ineziana

Description

Fritillaria biflora var. ineziana is a perennial bulbiferous herb growing to a maximum height of 4 to 10 inches tall. The stem is stout and slender and bears 1-2 yellow-green, green-purple, or dark brown flowers that possess an unpleasant odor. The linear oblong leaves are often faintly mottled with yellow. The holotype specimen was collected by Inez Smith on Mar 12, 1914, and it is presently cataloged at the Jepson Herbarium (Specimen number JEPS4952). An isotype exists at the Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden Herbarium (Specimen number: RSA279408).[4][5]

Distribution

Fritillaria biflora var. ineziana is endemic to California and only known to occur in the Hillsborough area of San Mateo County in the San Francisco Bay Area. The California Natural Diversity Database only has two known locations of this species - one from the Montara Mountain/San Mateo 7.5 minute USGS quadrangles and the other one from the San Mateo quadrangle.[6]

Conservation

The California Native Plant Society ranks F. biflora var. ineziana as a 1B.1 rare plant rank - seriously endangered in California.[2]

  1. "NatureServe Explorer 2.0".
  2. CNPS, Rare Plant Program. 2015. Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants (online edition, v8-02). California Native Plant Society, Sacramento, CA. Website http://www.rareplants.cnps.org [accessed 25 March 2015].
  3. Calflora, Fritillaria biflora Lindley var. ineziana Jepson. 2015. Website http://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-taxon=Fritillaria+biflora+var.+ineziana [accessed 25 March 2015]
  4. Consortium of California Herbaria. 2015. Fritillaria biflora var. ineziana. Website http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/cgi-bin/new_detail.pl?RSA279408 [accessed 25 March 2015]
  5. JSTOR Global Plants
  6. California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB). 2015. California Department of Fish and Game. Rarefind. Wildlife Habitat Data Analysis Branch, Sacramento, California.
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