Frederick E. Olmsted Jr.
Frederick "Fred" Erskine Olmsted Jr. (April 10, 1911 – February 14, 1990) was an American artist and biophysicist.[1][2] He created social realism themed murals and sculptures for the Federal Art Project, and the Public Works of Art Project.[3][4]
Frederick E. Olmsted Jr. | |
---|---|
Born | Frederick Erskine Olmsted Jr. April 10, 1911 San Francisco, California, U.S. |
Died | February 14, 1990 78) | (aged
Other names | Fred Olmsted |
Education | Stanford University, California School of Fine Arts Yale University |
Occupation(s) | Artist, biophysicist |
Employer(s) | Works Progress Administration Federal Art Projects |
Known for | muralist, work in developing pacemaker |
Parent |
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Later, he became a scientist and biophysicist at Yale University, the Cleveland Clinic, and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.[3][1][5]
Early life
Olmsted was born in San Francisco, California.[1] He was the son of Florence Starbuck du Bois and Frederick E. Olmsted, a United States Forest Service administrator and one of the founders of American forestry.[6] He was a great-nephew of the landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted.[3]
Olmsted studied science at Stanford University.[2] He was studied art under of Ralph Stackpole at the California School of Fine Arts (now the San Francisco Art Institute).[2]
Career
Art
During the Great Depression, Olmsted worked for the Works Progress Administration, assisting John Langley Howard and George Albert Harris in their Coit Tower murals in San Francisco.[3][2] Although he was an undergraduate student assistant, Olmsted was allowed to create his a three-foot by three-foot fresco mural called "Power" for the Public Works of Art Project.[4][7] The mural is located above the main entrance on the outer north wall of Coit Tower.[3][4] It features a fist "to give rise to the proletariat."[7]
Olmsted also assisted Diego Rivera with his 1931 mural "The Making of a Mural Showing the Building of a City" at the San Francisco Art Institute (SFAI).[2][7] Olmsted also painted a window archway called "Pottery" in the Anne Bremer Memorial Library at the SFAI.[8]
In 1935 while still an art student, he painted a fresco mural at the SFAI named "Marble Workers" which depicted tradesmen at work at a Fisherman's Wharf tile shop.[7] At some point, the Works Progress Administration-funded mural was painted over.[7] In 2013, the "Marble Workers" was rediscovered and a Save America’s Treasures grant was awarded to offset the cost of its restoration in September 2019.[7]
In 1935, Olmsted's work was included in the San Francisco Museum of Art Inaugural exhibition.[1] The same year, he also was included at a show at the California School of Fine Arts, winning the award.[1]
For the 1939–1940 Golden Gate International Exposition on Treasure Island, Olmsted displayed two engravings and also created two sculptures representing Leonardo da Vinci and Thomas Edison that stand 7 feet (2.1 m) high by 4 feet (1.2 m) square and consist of nine tons of stone.[3][1][9] He carved the stone sculptures during the WPA's Art in Action, an exhibition of artists working live for audiences in the summer of 1940.[10][9] When the Golden Gate International Exposition was over, the sculptures were donated to City College of San Francisco (CCSF) and are currently on display at the CCSF Ocean Campus.[3]
In 1941, Olmsted painted two 12 by 8 feet (3.7 by 2.4 m) foot tempera fresco murals at the City College of San Francisco for the Federal Arts Project (FAP) of the Works Progress Administration.[2] Called "Theory and Science 2" and "Theory and Science 3", the murals are in the lobby of the Science Building over the west entrance stairs.[2] The murals show male and female students engaged in scientific activities such as conducting field research, excavating a dinosaur fossil, and looking at bacteria through a microscope.[2] Olmsted created the murals using small brush strokes and a muted, earth-toned color palette.[2]
Olmsted taught art for a few years at Arts and Crafts in Oakland (now called California College of Art).[3]
Biophysics
In the early 1940s, Olmsted abandoned his art career and became a scientist at Yale University.[1] He designed medical equipment for the Cleveland Clinic, developing a machine to shock the diseased hearts of dogs, a prototype for today's pacemaker.[3][1] Next, Olmsted designed equipment for the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution in Massachusetts.[3]
Personal life
While at the California School of Fine Arts Olmsted met and later married Barbara Greene.[8] The two later divorced.
In 1998, he died in Falmouth, Massachusetts at the age of 78.[1]
References
- "Frederick Erskine Law, Jr. Olmsted (1911–1990)". www.askart.com. Retrieved September 25, 2014.
- Velarde, Lisa. "City College of San Francisco: Olmsted Murals - San Francisco CA". Living New Deal. Retrieved 2022-07-28.
- "Edison and DaVinci by Olmsted". ArtAndArchitecture-SF.com. Retrieved September 25, 2014.
- "Coit Tower: Olmsted Mural - San Francisco CA". Living New Deal. Retrieved 2022-07-28.
- Milton Hughes, Edan (2002). Artists in California, 1786–1940: L-Z, Volume 2. Sacramento: Crocker Art Museum. pp. 832–833.
- Newfield, Elsbeth (2006). "773 Dolores (11 Dolores), 1917, Shingle style house" (PDF). Stanford Historical Society. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-02-24. Retrieved September 25, 2014.
- Whiting, Sam (2019-10-02). "Long-lost New Deal-era fresco at SF Art Institute to be brought to light". Datebook | San Francisco Arts & Entertainment Guide. Retrieved 2019-10-03.
- "Public Art On Campus, Murals". City College of San Francisco (CCSF). Retrieved September 25, 2014.
- "San Francisco City College Murals - San Francisco CA". Living New Deal. Retrieved 2022-07-28.
- “Artists on Parade.” TIME Magazine, vol. 35, no. 26, June 1940, p. 69. via EBSCOhost, accessed July 23, 2022.