Euphorbia psammogeton

Euphorbia psammogeton, commonly known as sand spurge, is a flowering plant in the family Euphorbiaceae. The specific epithet derives from the Greek psammos (“sand”) and geiton (“neighbour”), alluding to the typical habitat.[2]

Euphorbia psammogeton
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malpighiales
Family: Euphorbiaceae
Genus: Euphorbia
Species:
E. psammogeton
Binomial name
Euphorbia psammogeton
P.S.Green (1993)[1]
Synonyms
  • Euphorbia sparrmanii Boiss.
  • Chamaesyce sparrmanii (Boiss.) Hurus.
  • Chamaesyce psammogeton (P.S.Green) P.I.Forst. & R.J.F.Hend.

Description

E. psammogeton is a smooth, mat-forming, perennial herb, often with a woody rootstock.[3][2] It has articulated, prostrate stems, growing to 35 cm or more. Its oblong to broadly elliptic leaves are 1–3 cm long and 0.5–1.5 cm wide, and asymmetric at the base.[3] The tiny flower-heads are surrounded by white leaf-like bracts.[4] Each flower-head consists of a female flower surrounded by up to five sets of tiny male flowers.[4] The fruiting capsule is smooth and about 2 mm long. It flowers in spring/summer[3][5] and fruits in autumn/winter.[5]

Distribution and habitat

The plant is endemic to Australia; it is found along the coast of New South Wales and south-eastern Queensland, as well as on subtropical Lord Howe Island in the Tasman Sea. It occurs in sandy coastal habitats, such as coastal dunes, and on beaches above high tide level. It is listed as endangered in New South Wales.[4]

Taxonomy

Euphorbia psammogeton was first described by Green (1993)[2] as Euphorbia psammogeton. This was amended to Chamaesyce psammogeton by Forster and Henderson in 1995[6] and was returned to the genus Euphorbia by Halford in 2012,[7] giving it the currently accepted name of Euphorbia psammogeton.[1]

Conservation status

It is listed as endangered under the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016.[note 1]

Notes
  1. As Chamaesyce psammogeton.[8]

References
  1. Commonwealth Heads of Australian Herbaria (CHAH). 2018."Euphorbia psammogeton". Accessed 8 April 2018.
  2. Green, P.S. 1993. Green, P. S (1993). "Notes Relating to the Floras of Norfolk & Lord Howe Islands, IV". Kew Bulletin. 48 (2): 307–325. doi:10.2307/4117938. JSTOR 4117938.
  3. "PlantNet: Euphorbia psammogeton". Royal Botanic Garden, Sydney, Australia. Accessed 8 April 2018.
  4. NSW Office of Environment & Heritage. 2018. "Threatened species: Sand spurge profile". Accessed 8 April 2018.
  5. Northern Beaches Council. 2018. "Sand spurge". 2017-06-15. Accessed 8 April 2018.
  6. Forster, P.I. & Henderson, R.J.F. 1995. Forster, Paul I; Henderson, Rodney J. F (1995). "New Combinations in Chamaesyce (Euphorbiaceae) from Queensland, Australia". Novon. 5 (4): 323–324. doi:10.2307/3391956. JSTOR 3391956. Novon 5(4): 323.
  7. Halford, D.A. & Harris, W.K. (2012), Halford, David A; Harris, Wayne K (2012). "A taxonomic revision of Euphorbia section Anisophyllum Roeper (Euphorbiaceae) in Australia". Austrobaileya. 8 (4): 441–600. JSTOR 41965600. Austrobaileya 8(4): 550-551.
  8. "NSW Threatened species and ecological communities listed in the Schedules of the Biodiversity Conservation Act, 2016" (PDF). environment.nsw.gov.au. NSW Threatened Species Scientific Committee. Retrieved 2018-10-27.
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