Eryholme

Eryholme is a village and civil parish in the district of Richmondshire in North Yorkshire, England. As the population remained less than 100 in the 2011 census, information is included with that of Dalton-on-Tees.[1]

Eryholme
St Mary the Virgin church, Eryholme
Eryholme Location within North Yorkshire
Population	80
OS grid reference	NZ321083
Civil parish	Eryholme
District	Richmondshire
Shire county	North Yorkshire
Region	Yorkshire and the Humber
Country	England
Sovereign state	United Kingdom
Post town	DARLINGTON
Postcode district	DL2
Dialling code	01325
Police	North Yorkshire
Fire	North Yorkshire
Ambulance	Yorkshire
UK Parliament	Richmond

The village is situated on the south bank of the River Tees, opposite Hurworth, 4.5 miles (7.2 km) south-east of Darlington.[2]

In this part of the Tees Valley the river forms many loops called 'holmes'. The word 'holm' is of Viking origin and means "island formed by a river".[3] Eryholme's name is, however, a corruption of its original name 'Erghum'. This name means shieling - a shelter for livestock, which comes from the Old Irish word 'airgh'.[4] This word was introduced into Yorkshire place names by Norwegian Vikings who had lived in Ireland for a number of generations and adopted many Irish words.

Old brickworks at Eryholme

Christ and the sacred heart, c. 1200 AD, St Mary the Virgin, Eryholme

The Church of St Mary the Virgin in Eryholme is a grade II* listed plain sandstone building, originally built c.1200 and modified in the 13th, 14th and 16th centuries. Set inside the east wall of the porch is a small, ancient carving of a human figure. A distinct heart outline in the chest proves the identity of Christ. The notion of the sacred heart proliferated in the 13th century. This date is also consistent with the splayed tunic. Pevsner[5] suggested it was Anglo-Danish but the sacred heart excludes this. It represents a time of burgeoning new religious philosophies from the Cistercian leader St Bernard of Clairvaux and the local Saint Godric[6] of Finchale, who was in contact with the Cistercians and active in the Tees Valley.[7] The registers at the church date from 1565.[8]

There are the remains of a Victorian era brick and tile works in the village.[9] There used to be a railway station called Eryholme but it was located at Dalton-on-Tees, some 1.9 miles (3 km) south-west of the village.[2] Passenger services ceased in 1911 but were restarted during the Second World War for personnel serving at the nearby RAF Croft.[10]

The chief activity is farming, the farms forming part of the Neasham estate owned by the Wrightson family. The village was famous for the breeding of shorthorn cattle and a cow sold to the Colling brothers became part of the original stock from which were bred the Durham Ox and Comet.[11]