Epiphania (Cilicia)
Epiphania or Epiphaneia (Ancient Greek: Ἐπιφάνεια) was a city in Cilicia Secunda (Cilicia Trachea), in Anatolia.
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| O: laureate draped and cuirassed bust | R: Tyche holding rudder and cornucopia
EΠIΦA_NEΩN·AIT* |
| bronze coin struck by Philip the Arab in Epiphania 244-245 AD; ref.: L&K A1491B (same dies)
*Epiphania dated their calendar from Pompey's victory over the Cilician pirates 67-66 BC. | |
The city was originally called Oeniandos or Oiniandos, and was located in the area of the northern tip of the Gulf of Iskenderun, on the route from Missis to Antioch. In the 2nd century BC the city was renamed Epiphania, in honour of Antiochus IV Epiphanes, King of Syria from 175 BC to 164 BC.
The city is mentioned in the writings of Ptolemy and Pliny the Elder. Cicero stayed there briefly during his exile. In 66 BC the Roman general Pompey led a campaign against the Mediterranean pirates. After the surrender of the pirates, they were dispersed and many were settled at Epiphania.
Bishopric
According to Gibbon, Saint George was born here, in a fuller's shop , in the late 4th century. Saint Amphion was the earliest known bishop of Epiphania in 325, as a suffragan of the Bishop of Anazarbus. He attended the First Council of Nicaea in 325, and later suffered under the persecutions of Diocletian.
Today its ruins include the remains of walls, a temple, an acropolis, an aqueduct, and many houses, all built in basalt.
Titular bishopric of the Roman Church
- Vartan Hunanian (28 Jan 1675 - 24 Oct 1681) [3]
- Franz Anton von Harrach zu Rorau (21 Nov 1701 - 7 Jan 1702, bishop of Vienna)
- Giovanni Domenico Xiberras, (1 Oct 1727 - 5 Oct 1751)
- Giovanni Battista Albrici Pellegrini (5 Oct 1751 - 21 Jul 1760, Bishop of Como)
- Tommaso Vespoli (22 Nov 1762 - 1768 )
- Johann Nepomuk Augustin von Hornstein zu Hohenstoffen (16 May 1768 - 16 Dec 1805)
- Francis Alphonsus Bourne (23 Mar 1896 - 1 May 1897)
- Pierre Feghali (23 Feb 1919 - 20 Jul 1944)
- Pietro Sfair (11 Mar 1953 - 11 Mar 1960)
- Volodymyr Malanczuk, (22 Jul 1960 - 29 Sep 1990)
References
- Lequien, Oriens christ., II, 895
- Vailhé, S. (1909). Epiphania. In The Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. Retrieved December 10, 2018 from New Advent: http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/05503a.htm
- http://www.catholic-hierarchy.org/diocese/d2e34.html Epiphania in Syria (Titular See). Catholicheirachy.org
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company. {{cite encyclopedia}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)