Tamar's campaign of Eldiguzids
The Tamar's campaign of Eldiguzids is the reveal of the peak of the military strength of the Kingdom of Georgia during the Golden Age,[1] the invasion of the territory of Northern Iran by the army of the Kingdom of Georgia.
Tamar’s campaign of Eldiguzids | |||||||
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Part of Georgian–Eldiguzid wars | |||||||
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Belligerents | |||||||
Eldiguzids | |||||||
Commanders and leaders | |||||||
Zakare II Zakarian Ivane I Zakarian |
Nusrat al-Din Abu Bakr Muzaffar al-Din Uzbek | ||||||
12,000 armenians killed in Ani. in response Zakaria killed 12,000 muslims |
History
At the beginning of September, the gathering of the troops was completed in Tiflis. Tamar carefully checked the horsemanship and armament of the warriors. Then she brought the "Gorgaslian-Davidian" flag, prayed to the Mother of God of Vardzia and handed it over to Amirspasalar Zakaria. The Georgian cavalry set off for Iran along the following route.[2][3]
Marand ambush
First, they entered Nakhichevn and exited Jugha and Araxes and entered the narrow gorge of Darduzi. From here they reached Marand, a big city of Adarbadan. The people of Marand were informed about the approach of the Georgians in time and they hid in the nearby mountains. The Georgian commanders also assumed that the Marand army would be ambushed in the mountains. Therefore, they took 500 chosen warriors, all "noble and noble", the commander Taki ad-Din Tmogveli, and sent them to the hill above the city to spy on the enemy. Tmogveli's squad went up to the plateau. Azerbaijanis, seeing how few Georgians were, immediately rushed towards them with all their strength. The unequal fight ended with a complete victory of the Georgians.
Capture of Tabriz
After the capture of Marand, the Georgians marched to Tabriz. It was expected that such a large Iranian city would not surrender to the enemy without a fight, but as if they heard the arrival of the Georgian army, all the inhabitants of Tabriz were frightened and gathered together, immediately the governors of the city organized an embassy and surrounded the Georgians. The commanders promised peace to the Tabrizians in exchange for a large tribute, gifts, gold and horses and camels.
Battle of Zaranjan
Before that, Zaranjan was a "small town", but when its commanders were told about the Georgian invasion of Iran, they fortified the town strongly and as soon as the enemy arrived, a fierce battle began.
Zakaria measured the walls of Zaranjan into quarters for the troops and ordered them to attack. The meskhetian warriors were the first to break into the city, they broke into the house and began to kill all who were warriors, but they did not spare a hand to a woman, a child or a noble. Meanwhile, other parts of Georgians also invaded the city.
Battle of Qazvin
Early in the morning, they continued their journey to the southeast. They reached the great Iranian city of Qazvin. Qazminians surrenderLIed. The Georgians took the great booty and took the hostages without fight. Later, further east, near Qazvin and Ahvaz, a battle took place, from which the Georgians again came out victorious.
Aftermath
The royal treasury of Georgia became extremely rich[1] with the booty brought from the campaign and the northern part of Iran became a vassal of Georgia: it assumed the power of annual tribute.[4]
References
- Tukhashvili, Loward (1994). არკვევები ქართული დიპლომატიის ისტორიიდან: წიგნი 1: ბაგრატ III-დან გიორგი V ბრწყინვალემდე [Essays from the history of Georgian diplomacy: book 1: from Bagrat III to Giorgi V the Magnificent] (in Georgian). Tbilisi: Iberia.
- Sanikidze, Levan (2021). უქარქაშო ხმლები - ნაწილი I [Bladeless Swords - Part I] (in Georgian). Bakmi.
- "What heroism did the Georgian warriors do during the reign of King Tamar?".
- "History of Georgia: from ancient times to our time" (PDF). Tbilisi, 1940, p. 164–165
Sources on internet
Literature
- Levan Sanikidze, Bladeless swords, vol.1, Tbilisi, 1991, p. 583–589
- Lovard Tukhashvili, History of Georgian Diplomacy, vol.1, Tbilisi, 1994
- ისტორიანი და აზმანი შარავანდედთანი, წგნ.: ქართლის ცხოვრება, ს. ყაუხჩიშვილის გამოცემა
- Ivane Javakhishvili, The History of the Georgian Nation, vol. 2, Tbilisi, 1983, p. 336–338
- Studies in the history of Georgia, Vol. 3, Tbilisi, 1979, p. 336–338
- Mikaberidze, Alexander (2011). Conflict and Conquest in the Islamic World: A Historical Encyclopedia, Volume 1, Santa Barbara, California, USA: ABC-CLIO. p. 196.ISBN 978-1598843361