Ein Tzurim
Ein Tzurim (Hebrew: עֵין צוּרִים, lit. Rock Spring) is a religious kibbutz in southern Israel. Located south of Kiryat Malakhi, it falls under the jurisdiction of Shafir Regional Council and is a member of the Religious Kibbutz Movement. In 2021 it had a population of 861.[1]
Ein Tzurim
עֵין צוּרִים عين تسوريم | |
|---|---|
 Ein Tzurim | |
  Ein Tzurim  Ein Tzurim | |
| Coordinates: 31°41′41″N 34°43′7″E | |
| Country |  Israel |
| District | Southern |
| Council | Shafir |
| Affiliation | Religious Kibbutz Movement |
| Founded | 23 October 1946 (in Gush Etzion) 1949 (current location) |
| Founded by | Bnei Akiva members |
| Population (2021)[1] | 861 |
History
Original kibbutz
The kibbutz was founded on 23 October 1946 as a new settlement in Gush Etzion (east of the present-day location). Its founders were Palestine-born members of the fifth gar'in of Bnei Akiva that had formed in Tirat Zvi.[2]
By 1947 the kibbutz had a population of 80. However, during the 1948 Arab–Israeli war, it was destroyed by the Jordanian army along with all the other settlements in Gush Etzion. The men who stayed to fight were captured as prisoners of war and taken to the Mafrak Prisoner of War camp.[2]
With the renewal of Jewish settlement in Gush Etzion after the Six-Day War, a new kibbutz called Rosh Tzurim was founded on the original location of Ein Tzurim.
Relocation
In 1949 the people who left Ein Tzurim founded a new kibbutz in south-central Israel near the existing villages of Zerahia, Shafir and Merkaz Shapira, and they named it "Ein Tzurim" as a symbol of continuity. It was founded on land belonging to the depopulated Palestinian village of al-Sawafir al-Sharqiyya.[3]
In the 1980s two major educational centers were built in the area of the kibbutz; Yeshivat Kibbutz HaDati and the Yaakov Herzog Center for the Study of Judaism. However, in 2008 the yeshiva closed due to insufficient enrollment.[4] Every Yom Kippur former students return to pray together.
After the Gaza disengagement in 2005, some evacuees from Gush Katif moved into a trailer park near the kibbutz and plans were drawn up for permanent housing.
Economy
The economy is based on fruit orchards (lemon and persimmon), vegetable crops (artichokes), dairy farming and turkey-breeding. The kibbutz also has an air-conditioner factory and runs a guesthouse.
Historic images
_overlaid_on_the_1943_Survey_of_Palestine_map_of_Beit_Fajjar.jpg.webp)
The four kibbutzes of the Gush Etzion at the time of the 1948 war (Kfar Etzion, Ein Zurim, Massuot Yitzhak, Revadim) overlaid on a 1943 Survey of Palestine map
Ein Tzurim 1947
Kibbutz Ein Tzurim, 1947_%D7%91%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9F_-_%D7%94%D7%A7%D7%9E%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%97%D7%A0%D7%94.-JNF001825.jpeg.webp)
Ein Tzurim under construction October 1946_%D7%91%D7%94%D7%A8%D7%99_%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%9F_.-JNF001831.jpeg.webp)
Ein Tzurim Aliyah celebrations October 1946
References
- "Regional Statistics". Israel Central Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 22 February 2023.
- Jewish National Fund (1949). Jewish Villages in Israel. Jerusalem: Hamadpis Liphshitz Press. p. 39.
- Khalidi, Walid (1992). All That Remains: The Palestinian Villages Occupied and Depopulated by Israel in 1948. Institute for Palestine Studies. p. 135. ISBN 0-88728-224-5.
- Swan song for kibbutz yeshiva Ynetnews, 3 October 2008
Further reading
- Yossi Katz, Between Jerusalem and Hebron: Jewish Settlement in the Pre-State Period
External links
- Information about the original Kibbutz Ein Tzurim Archived 2007-09-27 at the Wayback Machine Etzion Bloc (in Hebrew)
- Yaakov Herzog Center for Jewish Studies