Drosophila substenoptera

Drosophila substenoptera
Conservation status
	; Endangered (ESA)[1]
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Diptera
Family:	Drosophilidae
Genus:	Drosophila
Species:	D. substenoptera
Binomial name
	Drosophila substenoptera; (Hardy, 1965)
Synonyms
	Idiomyia substenoptera Hardy, 1965

Drosophila substenoptera is an endangered species of fly in the species rich lineage of Hawaiian Drosophilidae. It is only found on the island of Oahu,[2]. Historically it was collected throughout the Ko'olau and Wai'anae ranges, but now is only known to occur near the summit of Mt. Kaala. D. substenoptera is a member of the planitibia species group and neopicta subgroup within the picture-wing clade.[3]

Description

This species was described by D. Elmo Hardy in 1965 as Idiomyia substenoptera.[4] Its name was changed when Idiomyia was merged into the genus Drosophila by Hampton L. Carson and others in 1967.[5] This fly is yellow with two black stripes on the thorax, and has narrow wings with brown markings.

D. substenoptera lives in wet forest habitat and has been recorded breeding on rotting bark from plants in the genera Cheirodendron and Tetraplasandra.[1]

Conservation

Drosophila substenoptera was listed as federally endangered in 2006 along with ten other species of picture-wing Drosophila.[1] Threats to the conservation of this species include loss-of-habitat, in part due to invasive pigs and goats, competition for larval resources with introduced crane flies, and introduced predators such as ants and yellowjacket wasps.

References

"Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Determination of Status for 12 Species of Picture-Wing Flies From the Hawaiian Islands". Federal Register. Fish and Wildlife Service. May 9, 2006. pp. 26835–26852. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved June 21, 2022.
"ECOS: Species Profile". ecos.fws.gov. Retrieved 2022-07-07.
Magnacca, Karl N.; Price, Donald K. (2015-11-01). "Rapid adaptive radiation and host plant conservation in the Hawaiian picture wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 92: 226–242. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.06.014. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 26151218.
Hardy, D. Elmo (1965). "Diptera: Cyclorrapha II, Series Schizophora, Section Acalyptera I, Family Drosophilidae". Insects of Hawaii. Vol. 12. The University of Hawaii Press.
Carson, H. L.; Clayton, F. E.; Stalker, H. D. (1967). "Karyotypic Stability and Speciation in Hawaiian Drosophila". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 57 (5): 1280–1285. Bibcode:1967PNAS...57.1280C. doi:10.1073/pnas.57.5.1280. ISSN 0027-8424. JSTOR 57892. PMC 224469. PMID 5231734.

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[:0-1] "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Determination of Status for 12 Species of Picture-Wing Flies From the Hawaiian Islands". Federal Register. Fish and Wildlife Service. May 9, 2006. pp. 26835–26852. Archived from the original on May 12, 2021. Retrieved June 21, 2022.

[:1-2] "ECOS: Species Profile". ecos.fws.gov. Retrieved 2022-07-07.

[:2-3] Magnacca, Karl N.; Price, Donald K. (2015-11-01). "Rapid adaptive radiation and host plant conservation in the Hawaiian picture wing Drosophila (Diptera: Drosophilidae)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 92: 226–242. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2015.06.014. ISSN 1055-7903. PMID 26151218.

[:3-4] Hardy, D. Elmo (1965). "Diptera: Cyclorrapha II, Series Schizophora, Section Acalyptera I, Family Drosophilidae". Insects of Hawaii. Vol. 12. The University of Hawaii Press.

[5] Carson, H. L.; Clayton, F. E.; Stalker, H. D. (1967). "Karyotypic Stability and Speciation in Hawaiian Drosophila". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 57 (5): 1280–1285. Bibcode:1967PNAS...57.1280C. doi:10.1073/pnas.57.5.1280. ISSN 0027-8424. JSTOR 57892. PMC 224469. PMID 5231734.